本研究旨在探討從上下文推論字義教學應用在高職英文字彙教學之效益。 本實驗之研究對象為台北縣某高職80位高二學生，所有的受試者依據其原班級，分為實驗及控制兩組，每組再依前一學年英文成績分為高分與低分兩組，實驗組接受推論字意教學法訓練，而控制組則採用傳統的字彙教學法。在教學實驗開始之前，所有的受試者均參加前測；教學實驗結束之後，所有的受試者再參加後測。前測與後測之題目相同，皆為Oxford的學習策略量表及Nation的單字程度測驗。教學時間每週20分鐘，共計12次，利用猜測字義測驗及文意字彙式短文測驗取得相關資料，各項資料經由次數分配、百分比、平均數、標準差、t考驗等統計分析探討學習成效，最後再對實驗組施以問卷調查，以期了解他們對從上下文推論字義教學之回應。 本研究的結果摘要如下： 一､英文字彙教學實驗之後，除了控制組低分組外，其他受測學生的學習策略都有小幅的進步，惟對於實驗組低分組學生進步達顯著水準。 二､英文字彙教學實驗之後，所有的受測學生在單字程度測驗答對題數均有些微增加，高分組的進步的幅度高於低分組，惟對於實驗組高分組學生進步達顯著水準。 三､文意字彙式短文測驗的成績，控制組較實驗組高，惟對於實驗組低分組與控制組低分組的分數差異達顯著水準。 四､實驗組推論字義的能力與文意字彙式短文字彙測驗的成績，不論對高分組或低分組都呈現高度相關。 五､在60個推論字義的單字測驗當中，實驗組所選出來較難推論的單字，其詞類依序為副詞、形容詞、動詞、名詞。 六､經問卷調查分析，實驗組對於從上下文推論字義教學大部份傾向於正面的肯定。 最後，本文根據研究結果，提出英語教育學上之應用以及未來研究之建議。 / The purpose of this study is to explore two instructional methods on vocational high school students: word meanings inferred from context and word meanings learned from translation. To reach the research goal, the study assumes the quasi-experimental method, which includes the pretest and the posttest. The duration of this experimental teaching program is twelve weeks. A total of 80 sophomores coming from 2 classes at a vocational high school in northern Taiwan are involved in the study. One class is assigned as the experimental group, and the other one the control group. For further comparison, each group is divided into two proficiency subgroups, high and low, based on their English achievement scores in the last academic year. The experimental group receives “word meaning inferred from context” training while the control group is instructed in the traditional vocabulary teaching method. Oxford’s Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) and Nation’s Vocabulary Levels Test (VLT) are selected as the test items in both the pretest and the posttest. Data for analysis are collected from two sources. One is the subjects’ scores on SILL and VLT, word-inferring test and words-in-context test, and the other comes from the questionnaire regarding the experimental group’s feedbacks and reflections on vocabulary learning through inferring. The collected data are analyzed by frequency distribution, percentage, means, standard deviation, and t-test. The conclusions of the study are summarized as follows: 1. All the subjects make a little improvement after the experiment except the low achievers in the control group. The low achievers in the experimental group improve significantly in performance on language learning strategies. 2. Both the experimental group and the control group show certain progress in VLT. However, only the high achievers in the experimental group perform significantly better. 3. There exists a positive correlation between the subjects’ performance in word-inferring test and words-in-context test for the experimental group. 4. There is a significant difference in words-in-context test score between the low achievers in the experimental and those in the control group. 5. According to the responses of the experimental group, adverbs cause the heaviest learning burden, followed by adjectives, verbs, and nouns. 6. There is a fairly general agreement that the experimental group shows appreciation of the instruction. Further pedagogical implications and suggestions for future studies are provided at the end of the study.

本研究旨在探討一批判思考策略「質疑作者法」，如何融入於台灣高職學生的英語閱讀能力養成，以及該策略對學生英語能力的影響。研究以台灣北部某高職38位高一學生為研究對象，為期五週。研究藉由學習單、學習歷程調查、教學觀察日誌、及焦點團體訪談等質性研究方法收集研究資料，再進一步歸納分析，以期廣泛且深入了解「質疑作者法」對於增進學生閱讀能力的效果，並同時得到更為適宜可行的教學應用。主要的研究發現如下： 一、 本研究中大多數學生對「質疑作者法」抱持肯定的態度。不論英語程度高低，該策略使學生獲得有別於過去的閱讀經驗，並同時增進其閱讀興趣及閱讀理解力。 二、 當教學者融入「質疑作者法」於教學活動時，教學者以協助者身分觀察學生對於教學活動的反應，隨時調整活動的進行。 三、 閱讀中的討論使學生能在一個支持的、低焦慮的學習環境中表達意見，並同時主動地建構文章的意義。 四、 本研究中，高成就與低成就學生在批判思考與閱讀能力方面皆有提升。透過「質疑作者法」，低成就學生相較於高成就學生建立較強的自信心並養成更高的閱讀興趣，從而由該策略中得到較多的助益。 根據上述結果，文末呈現教學上的義涵和應用，並對未來相關研究提出建議。 / This action research study aims to investigate the process of fostering reading comprehension ability of EFL vocational high school students by incorporating a critical thinking strategy, namely, “Questioning the Author”, into the English reading teaching activities. A total of thirty-eight 10th graders from a vocational high school in northern Taiwan participated in the present study for a five-week implementation. The data were collected through qualitative methods, including participants’ worksheets, learning surveys using Likert Scale and open-ended questions, the field notes and the teaching logs of the teacher researcher, and the focus group interviews for high and low achievers. The results were analyzed and interpreted with an attempt to have a profound and extensive understanding of the effect of the strategy “Questioning the Author” on students’ reading comprehension ability, along with generating more feasible pedagogical implications. Major findings are as follows: 1. Most students in the present study had a positive perception to the strategy “Questioning the Author”. Despite their different English proficiency levels, the strategy made a difference in their reading experiences, and meanwhile boosted their interest in reading and improved their reading comprehension ability. 2. When incorporating the strategy into teaching activities, the teacher as a facilitator observed the responses from students to modify the ongoing activities. 3. Discussions during reading provided a low-anxiety and supportive environment for students to express their opinions and construct meanings actively as well. 4. Although both high and low achievers made progress in their critical thinking and reading ability, the latter benefited more from the strategy than the former, for they developed more interests in reading as well as obtained higher confidence in themselves through the strategy. Pedagogical implications and suggestions for future studies are also included at the end of the thesis.

本研究主要目的係由學校社會化機制探討台北市高職學生政治信任感，以及個人背景中性別、政黨偏好與政治信任感之關係。 本研究採問卷調查之量化研究方法，研究對象為台北市四所公立高職學生，使用的統計方法主要為次數分配、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關，以及多元迴歸分析。 經分析後主要研究發現： 台北市高職學生政治信任感普遍偏低，顯見其對於現今政府之施政績效並不滿意。　 一、在個人背景部份，性別不會造成政治信任感差異；不同之政黨偏好與政治信任感則具有顯著差異。其中政黨偏好為「藍色」者政治信任感低於「綠色」及中立無反應；政黨偏好為「綠色」者政治信任感高於中立無反應及「都不喜歡」者；政黨偏好為中立無反應者高於「都不喜歡」者。 二、在學校社會化機制部分，申訴管道、學生自主性、年級等三項因素與政治信任感具有顯著差異。認為有申訴管道的學生其政治信任感較高；學生自主性愈高者，其政治信任感愈高；一年級較三年級學生具有較高之政治信任感。其他在學校控制度、教室民主氣氛、學校、科系等四部份，則與政治信任感間無顯著差異。 三、藉由多元迴歸分析，綜合考量申訴管道、學生自主性、年級以及政黨偏好四項因素，可看出申訴管道、年級以及政黨偏好對於政治信任感具有相當之影響，至於影響政治信任感高低之其他因素則有待進一步研究。 關鍵字：高職學生、政治信任感、性別、政黨偏好、學校、申訴管道、學生自主性、學校控制度、教室民主氣氛、年級、科系 / The purpose of this study aimed to understand the political trust of Taipei city vocational high school students by school as an agent of political socialization. Also, this study analyzed the relation among gender, party preference and political trust. The study employed quantitative approaches of questionnaire survey, and the subjects were the students of four Taipei municipal vocational high schools. Statistical methods included frequency distribution, t-test, oneway ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression analysis. Principal findings of the study were： 1.The political trust of Taipei city vocational high school students was universally low. It was obvious that nowadays the government did not make students satisfied. 2.In individual background, gender had no significant differences on political trust, but different party preference had significant differences on political trust. People whose party preference was “blue” had lower political trust than those whose party preference was “green” and neutrality with no response. People whose party preference was “green” had higher political trust than those whose party preference was “dislike” and neutrality with no response. People whose party preference was neutrality with no response had higher political trust than those whose party preference was “dislike”. 3.As for the school as an political socialization agent, grievance channels, student autonomy and grades had significant differences. Students who thought there were grievance channels at school had higher political trust. Students with higher autonomy had higher political trust. The first graders had higher political trust than the third ones. There were no significant differences between political trust and the four factors: school control, classroom democratic atmosphere, schools and majors. 4.By the multiple regression analysis of grievance channels, students autonomy, grades and party preference, there were influences among grievance channels, grades and party preference to a certain degree. As for other factors which influenced political trust, the further study needs researching. Keywords：vocational high school students; political trust; gender; party preference; school; grievance channel; student autonomy; school control; classroom democratic atmosphere; grade; major