Detta examensarbete undersöker navigering för grupper av autonoma agenter i dataspelsmiljöer. Genom att kombinera olika styrbeteenden och beräkningsmodeller utvärderar arbetet vilken av dessa tekniker som är mest effektiv med avseende på tid och vägval i trånga spelmiljöer. En experimentmiljö har utvecklats som implementerar fyra stycken tekniker och utvärderar dessa i tre olika miljöer med 10 respektive 50 agenter som navigerar genom miljön. Som grund använder samtliga tekniker ett vägföljningsbeteende och ett flockbeteende. Det som skiljer teknikerna åt är vilken beräkningsmodell som används samt att två av teknikerna använder ett väggundvikelsebeteende. Resultatet visar att alla tekniker är användbara men att den mer avancerade beräkningsmodellen ger ett bättre resultat överlag. Väggundvikelsebeteendet bidrar också till ett bättre resultat och gör alltså nytta i de miljöer som använts. Ett problem med styrbeteenden är dock balanseringen av vikterna som används i teknikerna och det kan krävas mycket finjustering innan man får ett bra beteende.

Le domaine de la simulation numérique évolue vers des simulations de phénomènes physiques toujours plus complexes. Cela se traduit typiquement par le couplage de plusieurs codes de simulation, où chaque code va gérer une physique (simulations multi-physiques) ou une échelle particulière (simulations multi-échelles). Dans ce cadre, l'analyse des résultats des simulations est un point clé, que ce soit en phase de développement pour valider les codes ou détecter des erreurs, ou en phase de production pour confronter les résultats à la réalité expérimentale. Dans tous les cas, le pilotage de simulations peut aider durant ce processus d'analyse des résultats. L'objectif de cette thèse est de concevoir et de réaliser une plate-forme logicielle permettant de piloter de telles simulations. Plus précisément, il s'agit à partir d'un client de pilotage distant d'accéder ou de modifier les données de la simulation de manière cohérente, afin par exemple de visualiser "en-ligne" les résultats intermédiaires. Pour ce faire, nous avons proposé un modèle de pilotage permettant de représenter des simulations couplées et d'interagir avec elles efficacement et de manière cohérente. Ces travaux ont été validés sur une simulation multi-échelles en physique des matériaux. / The numerical simulations evolve more and more to simulations of complex physical phenomena through multi-scale or multi-physics codes. For these kind of simulations data analysis is a main issue for many reasons, as detecting bugs during the development phase or to understand the dynamic of the physical phenomena simulated during the production phase. The computational steering is a technique well suited to do all this kind of data analysis. The goal of this thesis is to design and develop a computational steering framework that take into account the complexity of coupled simulations. So, through a computational steering client we want to interact coherently with data generated in coupled simulations. This afford for example to visualize on-line the intermediate results of simulations. In order to make this possible we will introduce an abstract model that enables to represent coupled simulations and to know when we can interact coherently with them. These works have been validated on a legacy multi-scale simulation of material physics.

Since the Swedish reception crisis in 2015/16, civil society has gained increased recognition for its contribution to integration work and the government has made efforts to strengthen its capacities. While civil society should be autonomous and independent from the state, many actors within civil society are dependent on state funding and face a number of difficulties that exacerbate its potential to contribute further to society. As such, this single case study aims to investigate the role of civil society in the local integration and civil society experiences of working with integration. The empirical material consists of seven interviews, two conducted with representatives from the local municipality and five interviews with civil society representatives. 'Governance' forms the theoretical framework of the study, which is employed on the collected interview material to gain a deeper understanding of the role of civil society in regard to integration work. Findings show that civil society fills a complementary role in relation to the public sector, in that it is suitable for work that the state is less able to carry out. Its function is mostly discussed in relation to the social aspects of integration. Moreover, the material suggests that remaining autonomous and independent from the state is difficult, mainly depending on a selective grant system that seems to award certain types of integration work above others; a system that facilitates a dependency on the state. As such, the study awakens important questions involving the autonomy and independence of civil society.

This work deals with design of front trapezoidal suspension for racing car Škoda 130RS. The first part describes types of current suspensions and provides a review of important suspension parameters that have great influence to vehicle handling. The second part deals with kinematic analysis existing suspension, its modification and design of new type.

This thesis deals with the design of steering holder for a race car in the category Formula Student using topology optimisation and analysis of this design. The objective of this thesis is gaining knowledge about topology optimisation and application of this knowledge to the design of a replacement of the steering gearbox and its holder.

This master’s thesis deals with the position of the hands on the steering wheel and its impact on the driving manoeuvre time. In the theoretical part, the correct sitting position of the driver, his seat and steering wheel settings were described. Furthermore, the analysis of the initial positions of the palms on the steering wheel was carried out as well as the positions that are recommended for quiet driving on the highway. These positions were analysed in terms of the ability to turn the steering wheel and to provide a range of turning in given positions. For the experimental measurements, a questionnaire for the passenger vehicle drivers was created. The responses were evaluated to construct the most common hand positions on the steering wheel. From the selected positions, test drives were conducted to determine the required time for manoeuvring or the time required for change of hand positions on the steering wheel to perform the manoeuvre.

The design of the excavator follows requirements of machines for demolition work. The excavator is equipped with an innovative type of under carriage, which not only increases mobility over the demolition sites but also the visibility from the driver’s cabin. The components of the excavator, that improve the demolition work, are special types of tracks, suspensions and articulated steering. Tracks can change their shape to increase the stability and also to adapt to the diff erent types of ground. The suspensions with tracks are able to adapt to the terrain thereby they lighten the asperity. Suspension can also tilt or even raise the excavator and thereby increase the angle of visibility from the cabin. This function is necessary mainly when taking down higher constructions. Articulated steering is a new function that has never been used for excavators. This steering was chosen due to fl exible movement over demolition sites. The main aim of the project is to create a new design of the excavator, but more importantly to distinguish the excavator from the excavators already on the market, with regards to its esthetics and under carriage innovation.

The object of this work is design braking device with high repeatability and reproducibility that is used to analyse the measurement system. I developed this work in cooperation with TRW-DAS Dačice a.s. At the beginning, I made a search of the chassis system, testing of ball joints and steering. Furthermore, I made search of the MSA and the types of braking devices. The rest of the work is focused on the design and the thermal analysis of braking device. Then there are the actual test.

The diploma thesis is aimed to design, optimize, produce and subsequently measure the properties of the reflector with the electronic steering direction for the frequency of the 24,125 GHz band ISM. The problem chosen is solved by a group of voltage-controlled varicaps. The reflector consists of a matrix of two rows, each containing 3 cells. The reflector was designed by full-wave software CST Microwave Studio 2015.

Tourner le volant d’une automobile peut s’avérer difficile pour les conducteurs ayant des déficiences motrices des membres supérieurs. En effet, ce mouvement demande une grande mobilité et une force musculaire non négligeable. A ce jour, les directions assistées automobiles sont réglées uniquement sur le ressenti des conducteurs sans déficiences motrices. Le projet ANR VTT VolHand, dans lequel ce travail de recherche s’inscrit, ambitionne d’apporter une réponse à cette problématique. L’objectif de cette thèse est de renseigner la biomécanique du geste déjà chez le conducteur sans déficiences motrices (sain). Pour cela, l’interaction main/volant, ainsi que la cinématique (ex. angles articulaires) et la dynamique (ex. efforts sur volant, efforts articulaires) du geste de tourner le volant sont étudiés au travers de plusieurs analyses multidimensionnelles multivariables (atemporelle et temporelle). La méthode originale proposée s’appuie sur un découpage flou du volant et des variables cinématiques et dynamiques. La population expérimentée compte une centaine de sujets, dont 23 sujets sans déficience motrice. La plateforme expérimentale regroupe principalement un simulateur automobile compact permettant le recueil des efforts développés par chaque main, une consigne de suivi de trajectoire incitant le conducteur à reproduire un angle désiré et un système optoélectronique mesurant le geste de tourner le volant.Les résultats de l’analyse de l’interaction main/volant mettent en évidence 3 profils de conducteurs : les conducteurs croiseurs, les conducteurs croiseurs asymétriques et les conducteurs non croiseurs. L’analyse des variables cinématiques et dynamiques montrent que les variables dynamiques résultant du tirer/pousser le volant sont discriminantes. Deux nouveaux profils sont alors identifiés : les pousseurs moyens et les tireurs. En majorité, les conducteurs sains tendent à croiser les mains et à pousser sur le volant lors de la réalisation d’un geste de tourner le volant à basse vitesse.Plusieurs perspectives sont proposées à court terme, à moyen terme et à long terme. L’une d’entre elles concerne l’adaptation de l’assistance aux caractéristiques motrices des conducteurs avec déficience motrice. / Steering wheel can be difficult for divers with disabilities on upper limb. Indeed, the steering action might require a large range of motion of upper limb and some muscular strength. Power steering systems that are currently proposed in car were implemented to match non disabled driver feelings and needs. ANR VTT VolHand project wants to enlarge the field of power steering system to drivers with disabilities on upper limbs. The present work is a part of this project. As a preliminary approach, the objective was to analyze the upper limb motion of healthy drivers during a steering exercise. Different multivariable analyses (low level of time summarizing and high level of time summarizing) were done to study hand/wheel interactions, kinematics variables (e.g. joint angles) and dynamics variables (e.g. joint torques). An original fuzzy windowing was proposed to describe hand position on steering wheel, kinematic and dynamics variables. One hundred subjects participated to experiment, included 23 healthy subjects, which consisted on a low speed steering task. The experimental platform was composed of a compact driving simulator, that allow the measurement of each hand effort on the steering wheel, a steering exercise based on a line following protocol, and a motion capture system.Analysis of hand/wheel interaction showed the existence of three driver profiles: hand crossing, asymmetric hand crossing and non hand crossing. Analysis of kinematics and dynamics variables showed that pulling/pushing forces were also discriminating. As a consequence, two additional profiles were identified: mean pushing drivers and pulling drivers. Overall, healthy drivers were « hand crossing » and « mean pushing drivers » during a low speed steering task.Short, middle and long prospects are proposed. One of them concerns automotive power steering system adaptation for disabled drivers.