published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Education / Master / Master of Education

published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Education / Master / Master of Education

No description available.

No description available.

This study was designed to develop and validate an assessment instrument which would yield valid information on teachers' theoretical learning philosophy orientation and instructional behaviors in the teaching of writing. Data are analyzed to determine whether there is a relationship between stated learning theories and responses to statements of elements of a writing program. The subjects who participated in the study were graduate students at Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, and The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, and experts in the field of writing or language arts who were certified according to stated criteria. Respondents completed the View Toward Learning sheet and the Shaeffer Inventory of Approaches to the Teaching of Writing. The information from each completed Inventory and Learning View sheet was recorded for analysis data to accept or reject ten hypotheses. The Inventory achieved content validity through individual item documentation in literature sources. The instructional approaches were interpreted according to three common learning theories: Behavioristic, Nativistic and Cognitive Field. The data analysis, which included t tests, Cronback Alphas, and item correlations and classification, established the instrument as valid in distinguishing a teacher's approach as Behavioristic or Nativistic and reliably aligned learning theory with classroom practices. It was not valid in differentiating the Nativist from the Cognivist. Recommendations include a revision of selected Nativistic and Cognitive Field items to achieve a clearer distinction between the two approaches, and the use of the instrument and cover sheet in a large scale study to further document validity and reliability. The Inventory may be utilized for teacher self-appraisal individually, in staff development projects, or in combination with classroom observation. Teacher education programs concerned with writing instruction could assess beliefs about the way children learn and related classroom practices.

No description available.

Esu chorinio dainavimo mokyklos „Liepaitės“ muzikos istorijos mokytoja, mano mokinės 11-15 metų paauglės. Pati vesdama pamokas, atradau, kad didžiausia kliūtis pažinti klasikinę muziką – mokinių nedėmesingumas skambant muzikai. Pasidomėjus muzikos klausymo veiksena paaiškėjo, kad ši problema aktuali ir kitiems Lietuvos muzikos pedagogams. Pasirinkau Kokybinį veiklos tyrimą. Tyrimas vyko Vilniaus Chorinio dainavimo mokykloje „Liepaitės“, 2009 12, 2010 03 – 05 ir 2011 01 - 03. Tyrime dalyvavo trys 6 klasės grupės (po 13, 12, 13 mokinių ), pakartotinai – dvi 6 klasės grupės (po 13, 11 mokinių). Organizuotos 35 pamokos, – 7 pamokos su 5 grupėmis. Išnagrinėjus dėmesio savybes, dalyvaujančias mokymo procese ir būdingas paaugliams, paaiškėjo, kad paauglių dėmesingumas yra nepastovus ir lengvai pažeidžiamas, todėl svarbu jį kontroliuoti. Mokinių dėmesį gali palaikyti įvairūs dirgikliai: emocinės asociacijos, vaizdinės priemonės, fizinė veikla, mokinio interesai, poreikiai, veikla, reikalaujanti mąstymo, samprotavimų. Naudodama interviu, stebėjimo, anketinės apklausos tyrimo metodus, siekiau įvertinti pamokų metu naudotų muzikos klausymo metodikų veiksmingumą. Rezultatai parodė, kad siekiant pagerinti mokinių dėmesingumą muzikos klausymo metu, svarbu taikyti skirtingas mokymo priemones, kaip antai: muzikograma; improvizacinis šokis; užduotys, nukreiptos į emocinį kūrinio pažinimą; ritminės užduotys; lyginimo užduotys; muzikos klausymo užduotys, susietos su kūrybine... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / I am a music history teacher at a choir singing school “Liepaitės.“ My pupils are 11-15 years old teenagers. During lessons I noticed that the main obsacle to acknowledge classical music is pupils’ lack of attention when the music is being played. After investigations about the process of music listening it appeared that this problem is relevant also to other Lithuanian music pedagogues. This qualitative action research study took place in Vilnius at the “Liepaitės: choir singing school in December, 2009, March-May, 2010 and January-March, 2011. Three groups from the 6th grade (13, 12 and 13 pupils) participated in the study. When the research was repeated – two groups of the 6th grade (13 and 11 pupils) participated. There were 35 lessons (7 lessons with 5 groups). After studying the qualities of attention involved in the teaching process and typical of teenagers, it appeared that teenagers’ attention is variable and easily susceptible to distraction, so it is important to control it. Pupils’ attention can be preserved with various stimuli: emotional associations, visual implements, physical activity, pupil’s interests and needs, as well as activity, requiring intellectual effort and reasoning. Applying research methods of interview, observation and questionnaire I strove to evaluate the efficiency of music listening methodology used in lessons. The results showed that trying to improve pupils’ attention while listening to music, it is important to apply different... [to full text]

Dissertation submitted to the Department of Chiropractic in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, 2006. / Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is defined as the sensory, motor and autonomic symptoms caused by myofascial trigger points (MFTPs), or hyperirritable spots within skeletal muscles that are associated with palpable nodules in a taut band. The fact that MFTPs have been described in the literature for acupuncturists, anaesthesiologists, chronic pain managers, dentists, family practitioners, gynaecologists, neurologists, nurses, orthopaedic surgeons, paediatricians, physical therapists, physiologists, rheumatologists and veterinarians is evidence of the syndrome’s clinical importance. As a result of a large amount of research, a large number of different treatments have been shown to be clinically effective in the treatment of MFTP. These treatments include amongst others: - Ischaemic compression. - Myofascial manipulation. - Spray and stretch. - Ultrasound. - Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. - Dry needling. As can be seen from the above, it is important to be able to treat MPS effectively because it is such a common disorder. According to Schneider an effective treatment is needed for MPS, despite the array of treatments available to a clinician. Han and Harrison agree that more studies are required to determine the efficacy of these treatments. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relative effectiveness of Myofascial Trigger point Manipulation (MFTPM) as compared to Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitative (PNF) stretching in the treatment of active Myofascial Trigger Points (MFTPs) in the trapezius muscle (TP 1 and/or TP 2) in terms of subjective and objective clinical findings. The study required a total of 60 patients, which following acceptance were then randomly divided into two groups of 30, with an equal number of male patients in Group one (MFTPM) and two (PNF), and female patients in Group one and Group two. Each patient had four consultations (three treatments and one follow up visit) in a two week period. Subjective and Objective Data was recorded at each consultation prior to the treatment. Subjective measurements (Numerical Pain Rating Scale and Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire) were taken prior to the treatment at all four visits. Objective measurements (Cervical Range of Motion Meter and Algometer) were also taken prior to the treatment at all four visits, except for Algometer readings which were taken at the initial consultation and the fourth treatment only. SPSS version 11.5 was used for analysis of data (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Ill, USA). Baseline comparisons were done between treatment groups using Pearson’s chi square tests or Fisher’s exact tests as appropriate for categorical variables, and student’s t-tests for quantitative normally distributed variables. Treatment effect was assessed with repeated measures ANOVA. A significant time by group interaction indicated a significant differential treatment effect. A p value <0.05 designated statistical significance. The direction of the treatment effect was assessed with profile plots. Evaluation of data collected from both groups showed a significant improvement in terms of objective and subjective clinical findings to a value of p=< 0.001. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of objective and subjective clinical findings, although a trend was shown when looking at the objective findings that suggest that MFTPM was more effective than PNF stretching. The sample population was drawn from a very homogenous group of people (i.e. SARS call centre), in order to achieve greatest emphasis on clinical outcomes. This process however limits the clinical applicability of the results and thus will not always be applicable to all patients within the population. It is therefore the researcher’s conclusion that there is no statistical difference between MFTPM and PNF stretching in terms of objective and subjective clinical findings. Both treatment modalities have been shown to be equally effective in the treatment of subacute active TPs in the upper tarpezius. There is a definite trend when looking at the objective data that may support the hypothesis that MFTPM is as effective as, if not more effective than PNF stretching. It is of the opinion of the author that a larger sample size is needed to make it clinically significant.

Darbe atlikta teorinė juosmeninės stuburo dalies skausmų mažinimo, raumenų stiprinimo programos įvertinimo analizė. Tyrimo objektas: gydomųjų pratimų atlikimo tempo bei ištvermės lavinimo įtaka juosmeninės stuburo dalies skausmų mažinimui. Tyrimo tikslas: Ištirti ir įvertinti, dviejų, skirtingų pratimų atlikimo technikų, ištvermės ir pratimų atlikimo tempo, veiksmingumą, mažinant juosmeninės stuburo dalies skausmus. Iškelta tyrimo hipotezė, teigianti, kad liemens raumenų ištvermingumas yra svarbesnis faktorius nugaros skausmų prevencijai, lyginant su raumens tempu atliekant judesius. Anketinė apklausa ir testavimu siekta ištirti ir įvertinti raumens pratimų atlikimo tempo bei ištvermės pratimų komplekso, su skirtinga pratimų atlikimo technika, veiksmingumą, mažinant juosmeninės stuburo dalies skausmus. Tiriamųjų imtį, sudarė 14 žmonių ( kiekvienoje grupėje - po septynis žmones: 4 moteris ir 3 vyrus, kurie jautė juosmeninės stuburo dalies skausmus, tačiau jiems nebuvo diagnozuotos išvaržos). Tyrimas, kuris truko menesį laiko, buvo vykdytas VŠĮ Šiaulių reabilitacijos centre. Eksperimentiniu laikotarpiu tiriamiesiems buvo taikytas tas pats pratimų kompleksas, tik su skirtinga pratimų atlikimo technika, raumenų tempui ir ištvermei lavinti. Judesių korekcijos pratimų kompleksas buvo orentuotas į raumenų ištvermės lavinimą (A grupė) bei judesio atlikimo tempą (B grupė). Empirinėje dalyje nagrinėjama, kaip specialieji, gydomieji pratimai, tiriamiesiems padės sumažinti... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Theoretical low back pain reduction, muscle strengthening program evaluation analysis was performed in the paper. The object of research: impact of rate of conducted therapeutic exercises and endurance training on reduction of low back pains. The aim: to investigate and assess the rate of muscle exercise performance and efficiency of endurance exercise complex in reducing low back pains. Hypothesis of the study claims that the trunk muscle endurance is more important factor in preventing back pains, compared with the rate of muscle movements. At the same time feeling of the subjects should improve. Questionnaire survey and testing were used to examine and evaluate the performance rate of muscle exercises and endurance exercise complex effectiveness in reducing low back pains. The sample consisted of 14 people (two groups of seven people, four women and three men, who felt pain in the low back part, but they have not been diagnosed with hernia). The study, which lasted a month, was carried out in VsI Šiauliai Rehabilitation Center. During the experimental period, subjects were subject to movement correction exercises complexes, oriented towards muscle endurance training (group A) and movement execution speed (group B). The empirical part examines how the specific, therapeutic exercises, will help the subjects to reduce lower back pain. The main empirical conclusions of the research: 1. The results suggest that by applying two different complexes of corrective... [to full text]

This study examines the writing progress of six students over a period of five years and the effectiveness of the writing program each student experienced. Writing samples, standardized test scores, writing prompts, student surveys, and interviews with students and teachers combine to illuminate the strengths and weaknesses in the writing program.Quantitative data is derived from student surveys which illuminate the frequency student instruction in the best practices in writing instruction, in addition to the data collected from student standardized test scores. Qualitative data is disaggregated from student writing samples, writing prompts, and interviews, which demonstrate student knowledge of writing processes, and clarifies student experiences in writing instruction.The combination and examination of this data provides a clear picture of the students' five-year writing programs. In depth analysis this data illuminate strengths and weaknesses in the writing program experienced by the students. This paper also provides suggestions for improving writing instruction utilizing the best practices in writing instruction. / Department of English