Submitted by Priscila Nascimento (pnascimento@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2013-03-19T16:07:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana_Carolina.pdf: 2560132 bytes, checksum: 663a398860ff953a4b1de21a209ee151 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-03-19T16:07:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana_Carolina.pdf: 2560132 bytes, checksum: 663a398860ff953a4b1de21a209ee151 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. / O desenvolvimento de uma vacina para malária é considerado atualmente uma prioridade em saúde pública pelo impacto socioeconômico e morbidade da doença com 250 milhões de novos casos por ano. A vacina de febre amarela é considerada uma das vacinas mais bem sucedidas por sua imunogenicidade duradora obtida após uma única dose. Frente a elucidação das respostas polivalentes dirigidas ao vírus vacinal 17D, a utilização do mesmo como vetor de expressão para antígenos heterólogos têm sido encorajada. Tendo em vista que febre amarela e malária compartilham grandes zonas endêmicas nos continentes americano e africano, a construção de uma vacina para malária baseada no vetor de febre amarela 17D se tornou uma abordagem interessante. Foram construídos dois vírus recombinantes contendo a proteína heteróloga MSP-119de P. falciparum (FA17D/MSP-119fal) e P. vivax (FA17D/MSP-119vivax) entre os genes E/NS1 de FA. Esta proteína é constituída de um fragmento de 19 kDa obtido após o processamento proteolítico da proteína de superfície do merozoíta 1 (MSP-1) durante a invasão do eritrócito e é descrita como alvo de anticorpos protetores em animais e pessoas imunes. Os vírus recombinantes foram caracterizados in vitro quanto à capacidade proliferativa em células Vero, estabilidade genética e expressão da proteína heteróloga por microscopia confocal de imunofluorescência e western blotting. A imunização de camundongos BALB/c e primatas não-humanos da espécie Saimiri sciureus foi usada para avaliar as construções quanto à imunogenicidade. Ambos os vírus foram capazes de induzir a produção de anticorpos neutralizantes contra a FA, porém em menores títulos do que os induzidos pelo vírus vacinal 17DD. A indução de anticorpos específicos para a proteína heteróloga após a imunização com os diferentes vírus recombinantes, também foi demonstrada e resultou em baixos títulos de IgG.em ambos os modelos. Os anticorpos induzidos no modelo com macacos Saimiri reconheceram a proteína nativa do parasita em hemácias infectadas por P. falciparum. No entanto, o desafio realizado neste modelo de primata não-esplenectomizado após a imunização com FA17D/MSP-119fal não gerou resultados conclusivos. Estes resultados sugerem a necessidade de aprimoramento da plataforma de expressão em busca de maior imunogenicidade. / The development of a vaccine for malaria is currently considered a priority in public health due to the socioeconomic impact and morbidity of the disease with 250 million new cases registered every year. The yellow fever vaccine is considered one of the most successful vaccines for its longlasting immunogenicity obtained after a single dose. As a result of the elucidation of the polyvalent responses directed to YF17D vaccine virus, the use of this virus as an expression vector of heterologous antigens has been encouraged. Considering that yellow fever and malaria share the major endemic areas in American and African continents, the construction of a vaccine for malaria based on the yellow fever 17D vector became an interesting approach. Two recombinant viruses containing the heterologous protein MSP-119 from P. falciparum (YF17D/MSP-119fal) and P. vivax (YF17D/MSP-119vivax) inserted between the E/NS1 genes have been constructed. This protein consists of a 19 kDa fragment obtained after proteolytic processing of the merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) during invasion of erythrocytes and is described as a target for protective antibodies in animals and immune people. Recombinant viruses were characterized in vitro for their proliferative capacity in Vero cells and genetic stability and expression of heterologous protein were assessed by confocal immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Immunization of BALB/c mice and non-human primate species Saimiri sciureus allowed the evaluation of the constructions in terms of immunogenicity. Both viruses were capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies to YF, but in lower titers than those induced by the vaccine virus 17DD.The induction of specific antibodies for the heterologous protein by the different recombinant viruses was also demonstrated by low levels of IgG in both models. The antibodies induced in this monkey model bound to the native protein in parasite-infected red blood cells by immunofluorescence. The challenge carried out in after immunization of Saimiri monkeys with FA17D/MSP-119fal did not generate conclusive results. These data suggest the need to improve the platform of expression towards higher viral immunogenicity.

The potential hazard of fire is one of the major concerning issues after the recent events of 9/11 and others. A lot of studies and research work is being carried out presently, to ensure the safety of buildings. But, there is no accurate method to estimate the fire endurance/resistance for a building due to the variability of fire characteristics, material properties of construction material, and other characteristics of a building. One can only provide guidelines and can adopt from the lessons learnt in the past to ensure better quality to make the buildings more fire proof, so that they can withstand high temperatures and stresses for a longer time, before collapse mechanism occurs. From a long time, live laboratory tests have been conducted to study the performance of assemblies by subjecting them to appropriate time-temperature histories that are derived from standardized fire curves. The performance-based approach is very time consuming and also involves high costs. In recent times, due to the advances in technology, computer models have been developed, that aid towards the simulations of assemblies and other components of a building that are subjected to a fire event. This approach helps in attaining reasonable results, thereby providing an alternative to the prescriptive and performance-based approaches. This project deals with the study of heat transfer mechanism that takes place in steel structures in case of a fire event. For proper and accurate simulation process, the use of software is a must along with the support of technical resources. Due to high thermal conductivity of steel the heat gets transferred rather fast in the steel section which creates non-uniform temperature distributions because of variable thermal properties, like thermal conductivity and specific heat. 3-D finite element software TAS (Thermal Analysis Software) was used to study the non-uniform temperature distributions in case of a W 12x27 beam protected with vermiculite coating. The results were compared with the studies done by Professor Bletzacker, which involved the furnace testing of a W 12x27 beam by subjecting it to ASTM E-119 curve time-temperature history. In addition to this, the sensitivity of results was evaluated based on the variation of thermal properties for concrete, vermiculite, and gypsum board. Different beam models for W12x27 section protected with vermiculite and gypsum board coatings were simulated to justify their performance based on temperature rise within the assembly. Also, simulations were performed for analyzing the behavior of the beam when subjected to different fire curves like ASTM E-119 and ENV. Analytical analysis was also carried out using the method of Lumped mass parameter method to provide a comparison of results from different models. Finally, conclusions and recommendations were made to ensure further development and understanding in the field of Structural and Fire Protection Engineering.

Psalms using the language of enmity present a challenge for Christians who wish to use these psalms as prayer. This study investigates the language of enmity in Psalms 110, 119, 129, 137, 139 and 149 as Christian prayer and beyond the normal form category of lament or complaint of the individual. An argument is proposed to understand Book V of the Psalter as an integral unit, which editors have arranged to represent the post-exilic early restoration period. The study begins with an exegesis of each psalm and seeks to determine the perceived suffering of the psalmist(s) at the hands of enemies and the meaning of the responses to these adversaries. It then moves to a limited historical survey of how commentators through Church history have perceived the suffering and responses in these psalms which use language of enmity. This historical survey is used to correct or clarify the findings in the exegesis. In the third movement of this thesis, the results of the individual exegesis and historical survey of Psalms 110, 119, 129, 137, 139 and 149 are compared in order to elucidate the meaning of the language of enmity. The findings suggest that the language of enmity represents images of judgment on a recalcitrant adversary. The psalms are also investigated as prayers and as normative scripture. The use of the language of enmity in these psalms suggests a use of language that differs from normal use. In this regard the rhetorical device of synecdoche is most helpful in explaining how the texts function. The basis for the language of enmity seems to be the unchanging nature of moral evil. The study then investigates the psalms as canonical, normative prayer in order to move towards developing a theology of God’s just dealing with people and his people in particular. In this regard the psalms are approached as prayer, regardless of the voice in which they were composed. It is suggested that the text as normative prayer allows the psalmist, God, and the pray-er to inhabit and celebrate the same sacred time and space. Of particular concern is how each psalm speaks to the issue of how God engages with moral evil and the question of what can be known about moral evil. The findings suggest that these psalms are an invaluable spiritual resource for the church and should remain unaltered in their use as Christian private and public prayer. / PhD (Old Testament), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus in cooperation with Greenwich School of Theology, 2015

Psalms using the language of enmity present a challenge for Christians who wish to use these psalms as prayer. This study investigates the language of enmity in Psalms 110, 119, 129, 137, 139 and 149 as Christian prayer and beyond the normal form category of lament or complaint of the individual. An argument is proposed to understand Book V of the Psalter as an integral unit, which editors have arranged to represent the post-exilic early restoration period. The study begins with an exegesis of each psalm and seeks to determine the perceived suffering of the psalmist(s) at the hands of enemies and the meaning of the responses to these adversaries. It then moves to a limited historical survey of how commentators through Church history have perceived the suffering and responses in these psalms which use language of enmity. This historical survey is used to correct or clarify the findings in the exegesis. In the third movement of this thesis, the results of the individual exegesis and historical survey of Psalms 110, 119, 129, 137, 139 and 149 are compared in order to elucidate the meaning of the language of enmity. The findings suggest that the language of enmity represents images of judgment on a recalcitrant adversary. The psalms are also investigated as prayers and as normative scripture. The use of the language of enmity in these psalms suggests a use of language that differs from normal use. In this regard the rhetorical device of synecdoche is most helpful in explaining how the texts function. The basis for the language of enmity seems to be the unchanging nature of moral evil. The study then investigates the psalms as canonical, normative prayer in order to move towards developing a theology of God’s just dealing with people and his people in particular. In this regard the psalms are approached as prayer, regardless of the voice in which they were composed. It is suggested that the text as normative prayer allows the psalmist, God, and the pray-er to inhabit and celebrate the same sacred time and space. Of particular concern is how each psalm speaks to the issue of how God engages with moral evil and the question of what can be known about moral evil. The findings suggest that these psalms are an invaluable spiritual resource for the church and should remain unaltered in their use as Christian private and public prayer. / PhD (Old Testament), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus in cooperation with Greenwich School of Theology, 2015

Memoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales) / El presente trabajo revisa la reforma introducida por la Ley N° 21.030 en el N° 2 del artículo 119 del Código Sanitario. Dicha ley estableció un modelo de causales que autorizan la realización de abortos voluntarios (consentidos por la mujer embarazada) en las situaciones en ella descritas. En especial, el N° 2 del artículo 119 del Código Sanitario estableció el denominado aborto embriopático, procedente en casos de inviabilidad fetal y que constituye una figura inédita en el derecho chileno. De ahí que su análisis sea de gran interés para determinar la forma en que la ley ha recogido esta causal, ya existente en el derecho comparado, y su eventual aplicación práctica. Con este objetivo, este trabajo primero estudia la situación del delito de aborto previo a la reforma mencionada, para luego estudiar los cambios realizados por la misma. Luego, se analiza el aborto embriopático en detalle, en comparación con las otras causales introducidas y con especial énfasis en el derecho comparado, en un intento de definir sus alcances dentro de la legislación nacional. Por último, se discuten sus fundamentos, se postula una interpretación sobre el rol de esta causal abortiva en el esquema de responsabilidad y se revisan sus requisitos de procedencia

Various compounds were studied with solid-state 119Sn and 31P NMR spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. Connections were made between the shielding tensors and the geometric and electronic structures of the molecules. First, the 119Sn chemical shielding anisotropy of various para substituted tetraaryl tin compounds was shown to be dependent on the tilt angle of the phenyl rings. Tetrakis(o-tolyl) tin did not have the shielding anisotropy predicted by the tilt angle of the rings. It was suggested that ortho substitution distorts the structures of the phenyl rings causing the discrepancy. Analysis of the solid-state 31P NMR spectra of triphenylphosphorane ylides, Ph3P=CHC(O)R, determined that increasing the electron-donating effects of the R group decreased the δ33 component. Theoretical calculations showed that the component lay along the ylidic bond and was dependent on the difference in phosphorus-carbon bond lengths between the phenyl and ylidic bonds. Another study concerned the solid-state 31P NMR of the series of triphenylphosphine derivatives, PPh3-x(o-tolyl)x where x = 0 to 3. The addition of ortho methyl groups changed the position of the δ11 component which could be the result of the change in energy gap between the lone pair (HOMO) and σ* anti-bonding (LUMO). The solid-state 31P NMR spectra of deuterated piperazinium phosphonate and phosphonic acid were influenced by the shielding, dipolar and spin-spin interactions, as well as, second order quadrupolar effects. The spectrum of deuterated piperazinium phosphonate had a chemical shielding anisotropy of 130 ppm, an effective dipolar coupling of 2500 kHz and a one-bond phosphorus-deuterium J coupling of 90 Hz. The phosphorus-deuterium bond length was predicted to be 1.44(2) Å. A deuterium quadrupolar coupling constant of 104 kHz was obtained from the CP/MAS 2H spectrum. The non-axial symmetry of phosphonic acid complicated the analysis of the 31P spectrum. Phosphorus-deuterium bond lengths of 1.44(5) Å and 1.40(4) Å were obtained for the two inequivalent sites in the unit cell.

No description available.