Texte remanié de: Väitöskirja--Historia--Helsingin yliopisto, 1988. / Résumé en allemand. Bibliogr. p.306-334.

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This thesis basically has a twofold aim: on the one hand, to make a somewhat neglected body of Renaissance prose more readable, by adding, in a punctual and miscellaneous manner, to our historical, philological and thematic understanding of it and by examining it in the light of some of our current theoretical preoccupations; and, on the other hand, to problematize the "realistic" rubric assigned to these works and to do so by cultivating a more thoroughgoing textual realism on the part of readers. / These works, traditionally grouped together because of the interaction of their authors at the end of the 16th century, include Robert Greene's "cony-catching" and "confessional" pamphlets, the texts of the controversy between Thomas Nashe and Gabriel Harvey, and Harvey's manuscript drafts, as well as more familiar works such as Nashe's Unfortunate Traveller. / The theoretical issue of "the real" as a textual effect has been divided up according to the three nominal categories of persons, places and things, but the thesis falls methodologically into two halves. The opening chapters aim at reintroducing the figures of Greene, Nashe and Harvey, and exploring the quasi-genres of confession, invective and rough draft as exemplary models of the textual construction of a realistic person. They also attempt an alternative form of reading which is an amalgam of cento, summary, close reading, theoretical aside, and running commentary. In the second half, microreadings of the Marprelate Tracts, the cony-catching pamphlets, and texts by Nashe are used to shed light on theoretical issues of textual "place" such as the rhetorical construction of "presence" and metaphorical "movement." Once the relationship between premodern and postmodern textuality has been sketched, the final chapter offers a critique of the unreflexive academic practice of doing "readings," and argues for a new literalism and the self-subversion of the figurative in an "extrarhetorical" reading of Nashe's Lenten Stuffe.

This work is a study of Tudor metrical psalmody, an historical genre or literary kind that emerged and flourished during the sixteenth century, consonant with the emergence and progress of the English Reformation(s). Working from the premise that Tudor metrical psalms were at once prayer, "poesie," and polemic, I examine the ways in which these texts participated in the social discourse of the period. / After establishing that Tudor metrical psalmody is a historical genre or literary kind whose five essential characteristics bind its constituent members together, I provide two additional interpretive readings of Tudor psalmody. The second is radically materialist, arguing that the corpus of Tudor psalmody should be deciphered "as a progression of 'symbolic resolutions' of the social contradictions which initially engendered them." In other words, metrical psalm translations of the period are fantasized resolutions of the material and doctrinal struggles of the Reformation. / The third reading approaches Tudor psalmody as a body of devotional works and Confessions of Faith. My point of departure is George Steiner's declaration in Real Presences that "any coherent understanding of what language is and how language performs, that any coherent account of the capacity of human speech to communicate meaning and feeling is, in the final analysis, underwritten by the assumption of God's presence." Conceived and nurtured on the front lines and, indeed, in the midst of the Reformation(s)' bloody altercations, early Tudor psalmody declared itself the vanguard in the struggle to maintain God's presence in the semiotic "prayingfield" by approaching the rite of psalm-translation as one of transubstantiation. Later psalmists of the century mediated the aesthetic demands of "poesie" and the theological priorities of strict Calvinism, thereby establishing a realm of prayer within which we now include works by devotional poets such as Donne and Herbert. / This study is the first comprehensive examination of Tudor metrical psalmody as a literary kind, in addition to being the first sustained exploration of the kind's complicity in Reformation polemics. It also demonstrates that Tudor metrical psalmody underwent an evolution during the course of the sixteenth century fully consonant with the theological and aesthetic developments of the Age. / For ease of reference, I have transcribed and appended to this thesis several psalms to which reference is made within the body of the thesis. / Finally, I acknowledge my indebtedness to Rivkah Zim's ground-breaking volume, English Metrical Psalms: Poetry as Praise and Prayer, 1535--1601 . Considerable inspiration was gained from her work.

Bahiṇa Bai was a female poet-Saint whose participation in the Maharashtrian devotional movement known as the Varkari Panth transformed the image of female devotionalism in the region. A collection of her poetic writings, the Samta Bahiṇabaica Gatha, demonstrates her struggle to reconcile the demands of domesticity with those of devotionalism. Bahiṇa Bai simultaneously extols the roles of the pativrata, devoted wife, and the bhakta, the devotee, in her lyrical compositions, and resolves the tensions between domesticity and devotion by merging her husband's identity with that of Viṭhoba, a localized force of Viṣṇu. This thesis argues that Bahiṇa Bai's rebellion against a parochial vision of female spirituality integrates elements of Brahmanic orthodoxy, non-dual philosophy and bhakti practice.

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