The relationship between form and content in the religious verse of the metaphysical poets is of great importance in tracing the development of a tradition which includes such dissimilar poets as Donne and Traherne. The nature of the personal religious experience, as expressed in the religious poetry of the first half of the seventeenth century, undergoes significant change. This change is most apparent in the verse of Donne, Herbert, Vaughan and Traherne, and may be described basically in terms of the time when individual soul and God are united. For Donne this union is unattainable in the present and is to be found only after death, as the Divine Poems and the Anniversaries demonstrate; in the poems of Traherne, however, it is experienced at the moment of birth and becomes a continuing, present reality. As we trace in the work of the four poets the gradual bringing into this world of the soul's union with God, we discover also a process in which the barriers of the self are broken down. Individual personality becomes increasingly identified with the Divine Personality, and finally nothing intervenes between present reality and the long-sought vision. This vision, symbolized in Donne's Anniversaries by the liberation after death of the soul of Elizabeth Drury, is progressively interiorized in the verse of the later poets, and in Traherne's lyrics finds a new embodiment in the living experience of the poet. Such a change can be traced in the forms the poets use. We may find not only in the inner structure of line and stanza, but also in the total visual arrangement and organizing principle of a poem or group of poems, formal equivalents to the kind of vision expressed. The Anniversaries and Divine Poems of Donne and the poems in Herbert's The Temple are notable for the complexity of their controlling figures and the intricacy of their verbal structure. In Vaughan's Silex Scintillans and in the poems of Traherne, however, we find simpler and more flexible organizing principles and a corresponding decline in the use of complex symbols and conceits„ In general, the formal and structural changes which occur between Donne and Traherne may best be seen as a progressive simplifying and paring down -- a removal, in the verse itself, of all that might stand between individual soul and God. But while the nature of the actual religious experience changes in the four poets, and with it the inner structures and outer forms of their verse, there remains one single, informing vision of God. God is encountered and described in different ways, but His essential nature is recognized as changeless and unconditioned. In the same way we must examine the different formal principles within a larger context. In all four poets the concept of the poem as a celebration of and a sacrifice to God remains constant. In all four poets the act of poetic creation itself is analogous to the greater creative Act of God; the poems themselves are individual acts of praise which celebrate as they embody the multiplicity-in-unity of the Creation. Within this context a study of the best and most characteristic verse of these poets shows that there is nothing accidental or unplanned in the methods of organization each used to convey his religious experience. The different poetic forms we encounter, many of them unique, are our first and most compelling guide to the spiritual core of the poetry; they are the means by which we recognize not only the uniqueness of the individual experience, but also its place in the larger framework of universal praise. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

Uppsatsen har två syften där det ena är att undersöka fördelning av jord i Väse härad under början av 1700-talet samt hur handeln med jord såg ut med avseende på aktörerna. Det andra syftet är att studera jordtransaktioner i Väse härad för att se om det finns några tidiga tecken på den agrara revolutionen. Eftersom undersökningsperioden (1700–1749) ligger före det som kallas den agrara revolutionen undersöks tre faktorer. Befolkningsökningen var svagt stigande med en liten ökning i Väse socken omkring 1750. Den var för liten för att ha någon betydelse i sig själv men om den sätts i ett större sammanhang skulle den kunna ge en indikation att något var på väg att hända. Social skiktning är en annan faktor som brukas ta upp i samband med den agrara revolutionens inledning. Det innebär att ny grupp av storbönder började växa fram vilka gjorde fler köp av jord utanför den egna släkten. Det har till följd att en mängd bönder fick minskade jordareal medan andra fick större egendomar. En polarisering bland allmogens bönder tog fart. Kommersialisering är ett tredje mått som undersöks i samband med den agrara revolutionen. Den innebar att någon, en bonde, brukspatron eller annan person, köpte upp jord för att kunna öka sin produktion. Även om inga tydliga tecken på den agrara revolutionen syns är frågan om det man kan se beror på det eller är en följd av brukspatronernas aktiviteter.

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稿本 / 論文(碩士)--香港中文大學硏究院中國語言文學學部,1992. / 參考文獻: leaves 278-296 / 巢立仁. / 緒言 --- p.18 / Chapter 第一章 --- 陳獨漉先生傳略 --- p.976 / Chapter (甲) --- 導言 / Chapter (乙) --- 幼承庭訓，習聞忠節。 / Chapter (I) --- 師長之訓誨 / Chapter (II) --- 父師之死節 / Chapter (III) --- 丈人之恩德 / Chapter (IV) --- 小結 / Chapter (丙) --- 行游四方，力求興復。 / Chapter (I) --- 出游時期 / Chapter (II) --- 出游目的 / Chapter (III) --- 初赴東南 / Chapter (IV) --- 徘徊兩粤 / Chapter (V) --- 漫游中洲 / Chapter (VI) --- 小結 / Chapter (丁) --- 晚˘Ưđ逢厄，抱節終身。 / Chapter (戊) --- 結語 / Chapter 第二章 --- 陳獨漉七律之句法 --- p.77-122 / Chapter (甲) --- 引言 / Chapter (乙) --- 「句法」釋義 / Chapter (丙) --- 陳獨漉七律句法之論述角度 / Chapter (丁) --- 陳獨漉七律之六種句法 / Chapter (I) --- 評述句 / Chapter (II) --- 因果句 / Chapter (III) --- 呼應句 / Chapter (IV) --- 遞進句 / Chapter (v) --- 並列句 / Chapter (VI) --- 轉折句 / Chapter (戊) --- 結語 / Chapter 第三章 --- 陳獨漉七律之内容 --- p.123-197 / Chapter (甲) --- 導言 / Chapter (乙) --- 悲家國 / Chapter (丙) --- 傷身世 / Chapter (丁) --- 敘離情 / Chapter (戊) --- 寫友義 / Chapter (己) --- 剌世情 / Chapter (庚) --- 痛徂逝 / Chapter (辛) --- 紀遊覽 / Chapter (壬) --- 賀壽志喜 / Chapter (癸) --- 結語 / Chapter 第四章 --- 陳獨漉七律之語言技巧 --- p.198-247 / Chapter (甲) --- 導言 / Chapter (乙) --- 對偶精切 / Chapter (I) --- 小引 / Chapter (II) --- 虛實對 / Chapter (III) --- 動靜對 / Chapter (IV) --- 鉅細對 / Chapter (V) --- 遠近對 / Chapter (VI) --- 流水對 / Chapter (VII) --- 小結 / Chapter (丙) --- 善用故實 / Chapter (I) --- 小引 / Chapter (II) --- 議論寓意 / Chapter (III) --- 引伸變化 / Chapter (IV) --- 辭麗旨深 / Chapter (v) --- 小結 / Chapter (丁) --- 筆法曲折 / Chapter (I) --- 小引 / Chapter (II) --- 側筆虛寫 / Chapter (III) --- 藏鋒不露 / Chapter (IV) --- 正言若反 / Chapter (V) --- 小結 / Chapter (戊) --- 結語 / Chapter 第五章 --- 陳獨漉七律之整體風格 --- p.248-273 / Chapter (甲) --- 導言 / Chapter (乙) --- 精煉渾成 / Chapter (丙) --- 清迥絶俗 / Chapter (丁) --- 結語 / 結語 --- p.274-277 / 參考書目 --- p.278-296

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Texte augmenté de: Diss.--Fachbereich Geschichtswissenschaft--Universität Hamburg, 1995. Titre de soutenance : Die Sozialstruktur der Städte Stade und Stralsund in der Endphase der schwedischen Großmachtzeit (1700-1715). / Bibliogr. p. 479-520. Index.

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