Le présent mémoire se veut une analyse de l’expérience esthétique, telle que décrite dans la philosophie d’Arthur Schopenhauer. Pour ce faire, j’ai divisé mon mémoire en deux parties. La première se veut un compte rendu des principales thèses défendues par Schopenhauer. J’y souligne en particulier l’importance de ses filiations kantiennes et platoniciennes, sa conception d’un monde envisagé à la fois comme volonté et comme représentation, ainsi que le primat accordé à la volonté par rapport à toute pensée rationnelle. La deuxième partie s’attarde uniquement à ses écrits concernant l’expérience esthétique. J’y souligne, entre autre, le caractère fondamental qu’occupe celle-ci dans l’ensemble de sa philosophie, pour ensuite m’attarder aux rôles particuliers qu’il accorde à chacun des beaux-arts. Finalement, je confronte brièvement sa conception du beau à certaines œuvres d’arts modernes, de façon à m’interroger sur la postérité de sa pensée esthétique.

This dissertation on Byron's Don Juan begins with a history and analysis of the stanza form. Since ottava rima is a two-fold structure, comprising an alternately rhyming sestet followed by an independent couplet, it encourages the expression of dialectical ideas. Byron's prosodic virtuosity uses this potential to create a multivalent tissue of tones which is essentially—and almost infinitely—ironic. A view of prosody is developed here which is unique in its perception of the poem's existence in terms of a reading that unfolds in "real time." For various reasons, "reader-response" critics have not yet taken much cognizance of prosody. Don Juan is a good testing-ground for their approach because its narrator constantly addresses his reader, insisting on a present time which actively accumulates a past and projects a future, as a reader's consciousness moves sequentially forward through the text. The present time of the verse rhythms is the present time of the discourse, which is often most self-reflexive in the famous "digressions." Some of these begin with an epic simile whose vehicle grows out of proportion to its tenor; others are triggered by an interruption of the story, as the narrator—like a Renaissance improvisor in ottava rima— suddenly addresses his audience directly. Still other digressions are not metaleptic leaps from a fictional to a "real" world, or from one fictional world to another, however; they are the result of the narrator's tendency to linger too long in one world, elaborating descriptions until his story is forgotten. Despite the poem's many-voiced, digressive insouciance, an investigation of its moral and metaphysical components reveals that its irony has limits. Maugre those critics who would claim Don Juan as the paradigmatic work of unlimited, infinitely regressive Romantic irony, the issue of political liberty is not to be joked about, unlike the problem of erotic love. At this stable point in an otherwise absurd universe, Byron reveals a non-ironic self under the ironic mask. More effectively than traditional autobiography, because it is enacted rather than reported, this poem recreates its author dramatically, in terms of a shifting triangular relationship between narrator, protagonist and reader. The temporal locus of this relationship is a fictional present tense grounded in the "real" present time of a reading of the poem. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

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La presente investigación tiene como propósito analizar la relación entre estética e idealismo en la filosofía de Schopenhauer. Para ello, se analiza primero la relación entre la epistemología y la metafísica schopenhaueriana. Allí, analizamos las bases y criterios cognitivos propuestos por Schopenhauer de cara a la posibilidad y sentido de su metafísica. Argumentamos que el argumento central del idealismo se completa en la metafísica a través del análisis del sujeto de conocimiento en el devenir de la naturaleza como objetivación de la Voluntad. En vista de ello, sostenemos que falta un punto de conexión intuitivo entre ambas teorías y que, dicho punto de conexión lo provee la experiencia estética. La estética de Schopenhauer es analizada en función de la actividad cognitiva del sujeto como una actividad constitutiva del mundo y las representaciones entre las que se cuenta la Idea platónica. En ese sentido, entendemos la doctrina metafísica de la estética de Schopenhauer como complemento y compleción del análisis trascendental de la experiencia, y las Ideas como una bisagra o conexión entre la representación y la Voluntad. El filosofar o la reflexión filosófica de Schopenhauer es expuesta como una consideración estética, más no estetizante, del mundo.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 384-399)

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Bibliography: leaves 347-353. / vii, 353 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of History, 1989