Memristor is a novel passive electronic device and a promising candidate for new generation non-volatile memory and analog computing. Analog computing based on memristors has been explored in this study. Due to the lack of commercial electrical testing instruments for those emerging devices and crossbar arrays, we have designed and built testing circuits to implement analog and parallel computing operations. With the setup developed in this study, we have successfully demonstrated image processing functions utilizing large memristor crossbar arrays. We further designed and experimentally demonstrated the first memristor based field programmable analog array (FPAA), which was successfully configured for audio equalizer and frequency classifier demonstration as exemplary applications of such memristive FPAA (memFPAA).

La gestion, la manipulation et le stockage de données sont aujourd’hui de réels challenges. Pour supporter cette réalité, le besoin de technologies mémoires plus efficaces, moins énergivores, moins coûteuses à fabriquer et plus denses que les technologies actuelles s’intensifie. Parmi les technologies mémoires émergentes se trouve la technologie mémoire résistive, dans laquelle l’information est stockée sous forme de résistance électrique au sein d’une couche d’oxyde entre deux électrodes conductrices. Le plus gros frein à l’émergence de tels dispositifs mémoires résistives en matrices passives à deux terminaux est l’existence d’importants courants de fuites (ou sneak paths) venant perturber l’adressage individuel de chaque point de la matrice. Les dispositifs complementary resistive switching (CRS), consistant en deux dispositifs OxRRAM agencés dos à dos, constituent une solution performante à ces courants de fuites et sont facilement intégrables dans le back-end-of-line (BEOL) de la technologie CMOS. Cette thèse a permis d’apporter la preuve de concept de la fabrication et de l’intégration de dispositifs CRS de façon 3D monolithique dans le BEOL du CMOS. / In our digital era, management, manipulation and data storage are real challenges. To support this reality the need for more efficient, less energy and money consuming memory technologies is drastically increasing. Among those emerging memory technologies we find the oxide resistive memory technology (OxRRAM), where the information is stored as the electrical resistance of a switching oxide in sandwich between two metallic electrodes. Resistive memories are really interested if used inside passive memory matrix. However the main drawback of this architecture remains related to sneak path currents occurring when addressing any point in the passive matrix. To face this problem complementary resistive switching devices (CRS), consisting in two OxRRAM back to back, have been proposed as efficient and costless BEOL CMOS compatible solution. This thesis brought the proof of concept of fabrication and 3D monolithic integration of CRS devices in CMOS BEOL.