CLAY MINERALOGY AND DIAGENESIS OF K-BENTONITES OCCURRING IN THE DEVONIAN YILANLI FORMATION FROM NORTH WESTERN ANATOLIA (BARTIN-ZONGULDAK) &Uuml / nl&uuml / ce, &Ouml / zge M. Sc., Department of Geological Engineering Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Asuman G&uuml / nal T&uuml / rkmenoglu January 2013, 80 pages Yellowish brown and gray-green colored K-bentonite horizons revealing thicknesses up to 60 cm are exposed within the limestone-dolomitic limestone successions (Middle Devonian-Lower Carboniferous Yilanli formation) deposited on a shallow marine carbonate platform at Zonguldak and Bartin area in the western Black Sea region. In this study, bentonite samples collected from two different locations / Gavurpinari quarry and Yilanli Burnu quarry are investigated by means of optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction analyses (XRD), both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in order to reveal their mineralogicalgeochemical characteristics and understand their origin and evolution. Illite is determined as the major phyllosilicate mineral in K-bentonites. Additionally, kaolinite and illite-smectite mixed-layer clay minerals are also detected in some samples. As non-clay minerals calcite, dolomite, quartz, gypsum, feldspar, pyrite and zircon are present in these K-bentonites. Crystal-chemical characteristics (K&uuml / bler index-KI, intensity ratios (Ir), illite polytypes (%2M1), (d060) of illite minerals from the two different sampling locations were investigated. Their KI values (for Yilanli Burnu sampling location varying between 0.47-0.93 (with an average of 0.71 &Delta / &deg / 2&theta / ) / for Gavurpinari quarry sampling location varying between 0.69-0.77 (with an average of 0.72 &Delta / &deg / 2&theta / )) / % of swelling component (smectite-max 5%) and crystallite thickness (N=10-20 nm) indicate that these illites were affected by high-grade diagenetic conditions. Similarly, illite polytype ratios (%2M1/(2M1+1Md)) range between 20-50% (with an average of 36%) for the Yilanli Burnu quarry samples, whereas, these ratios are between 25-45% (with an average of 37%) for the Gavurpinari limestone quarry samples. Illite polytpe data also supports a high-grade diagenetic origin possibility of K-bentonites. Illite d060 values ranges between 1.491-1.503 &Aring / , (with an average of 1.499 &Aring / ) which reflect the octahedral Mg+Fe compositions are varying between 0.27-0.51 and thus approach the ideal muscovite-phengite values close to dioctahedral muscovite composition. Based on the data obtained from this study, volcanic ash was firstly transformed into a smectitic I/S mineral in early stages of sedimentation and burial diagenesis. This initial smectite was then be transformed into a highly illitic I/S, and finally illite by diffusion of elements into and out of the bed, during Devonian. Mineralogical-petrographical data points out that these K-bentonites evolved in a high-grade diagenetic environment (approximately 100-150 &deg / C) from the products of volcanic eruptions having yet unknown source and distance during Middle-Late Devonian time.

This thesis, Reporting East Asia: Foreign Relations and News Bias, seeks to argue for the importance of understanding foreign relations in the study of 'bias' in international news. It begins by pointing out that many previous studies have examined pressures on news emanating from inside national boundaries, but have excluded force from outside, and most notably, the military and economic relations between reporting and reported nations. For the purpose of the study, newspapers from three countries; the US, South Korea and Japan (which different represent types of power order within the military and economic spheres in the Pacific region), were chosen. Three recent key events in the region were selected as case studies for news analysis: 1)The Shooting Down of the Korean Airline 007, by the Soviet Union in 1983; 2)The Former Philippine President, Marcos' Step Down in 1986 : and 3) the Anti-Government Demonstrations in South Korea in 1987. Throughout the thesis, the relationship between reporting countries and reported countries has been analysed. The relationships between the reporting nations and more powerful and influential nations, has also been examined, in order to establish how far the news content of a less powerful country is also shaped by its relations with dominant nations. The results of the study indicate that there is a strong relationship between the 'biased' news reporting of international events and the unequal relationships between and among nations. Consequently, it implies that understanding foreign relations is an important tool in the analysis of bias in international news reporting. However, the thesis concludes by suggesting that in order to fully understand the operating environment of international news, the internal dynamics of news organizations, media systems (including the relationship of news media to governmenta, and national power structures) needs to combined with the analysis of foreign relations in any future research.

This thesis investigates the morphological, chemical and growth characteristics of zircon mineral in relation with the granitoid petrology. Physical and chemical variations recorded within zircon crystals during evolution of the Central Anatolian Granitoids are discussed. The thesis focuses on twelve granitoid samples from the Ekecikdag, Aga&ccedil / &ouml / ren and Terlemez regions from western part of central Anatolia. These granitoids are differentiated into S- and H-type granitoids on the basis of field, petrographical and whole-rock geochemical aspects. In granitoids concerned, zircon is associated with biotite, allanite and plagioclase, and zircon populations mainly comprise P- and S-type zircon crystals, with rare G-, L- and J-types. Typology method combined with cathodoluminescence imaging revealed that S- and H-type granitoids show intrusive aluminous autochthonous and hybrid character, respectively. Zircons generally have euhedral to subhedral cores exhibiting zoning, although sometimes faint, but inherent and embayed cores also exist. Large scale, first order, and/or small-scale second order oscillatory zoning and effects of late stage recrystallization are observed within zircon crystals. Multi-corrosion zones within zircons are characterized by sharp changes in crystal forms with decreased Zr and Si, and increased U, Th and REE+Y contents, beside infrequent increase in Hf, Sc, Ta, Ti, Ca, Al and Fe elements. These zones are interpreted to be formed by transient heating of the resident felsic magma due to mafic melt contribution, at the time of mixing/mingling processes of the H-type granitoids, and then zircons re-grow in magma source reflecting a mafic character. Corrosion stages within zircons of S-type granitoids, on the other hand, were probably formed by mantle-derived melts producing heat for resorption of zircons without direct contribution.

Εν κατακλείδι, η πρόσληψη του μυθολογικού υλικού από τους νεότερους δραματουργούς, όπως επισημαίνει και ο Δημήτρης Τσατσούλης, «το εμπλουτίζει με νέες συνιστώσες, αφήνοντας, πάνω σε ένα παλιό σώμα, νέα ίχνη γραφής, αναζητήσεων, προβληματισμών μιας νέας εποχής, αναδιατυπώνοντας έτσι και τους όρους πρόσληψής του». Έτσι, ο Φιλοκτήτης του André Gide παρουσιάζει το δράμα του καλλιτέχνη και του ανθρώπου που παλεύει να διατηρήσει τον αυθεντικό εαυτό του, θέλοντας να μάς βοηθήσει να συνειδητοποιήσουμε ότι η ολοκλήρωσή μας έγκειται σε μας τους ίδιους, αρκεί να βρούμε τη δύναμη να υπερβούμε τον εαυτό μας. Το έργο του Βασίλη Ζιώγα είναι ένα άμεσο μάθημα ζωής από τον Φιλοκτήτη προς τον Νεοπτόλεμο και έμμεσα από τον συγγραφέα προς εμάς, τους αναγνώστες/θεατές. Στο τέλος, θα πρέπει η όρασή μας να έχει διευρυνθεί, όπως του Νεοπτόλεμου. Θα πρέπει να ακούμε και να βλέπουμε τους Στυλίτες, την ενότητά μας δηλαδή με το σύμπαν. Ο Μύθος δείχνει το δρόμο, αρκεί να ακολουθήσουμε τις συντεταγμένες του. Τέλος, το κείμενο του Heiner Müller μάς αποκαλύπτει, με τον πιο γλαφυρό τρόπο, ότι οι κρατούντες δε θα διστάζουν να εκμεταλλεύονται ακόμα και τα πτώματα των ηρώων, αν αυτό εξυπηρετεί τα συμφέροντά τους. Η διακειμενική, λοιπόν ανάλυση αναδεικνύει ότι η επίθεση στο μυθικό υλικό οδηγεί στην επανανακάλυψη του ίδιου του Μύθου. Καθίσταται έτσι ο αρχαίος Μύθος νέο Ήθος. / -

This thesis determines the extent to which internal migration affects the socioeconomic composition of neighbourhoods in England and how its impact compares with that of other components of area change. It is hypothesised that the selective character of internal migration contributes to increased concentration of poverty in the most deprived neighbourhoods. The focus of the analysis at this small spatial scale will interest policy makers who have sought to reverse the spiral of socioeconomic decline in selected neighbourhoods through area-based regeneration initiatives. It will also add to neighbourhood change theory that assumes internal migration is widening spatial inequalities, which has rarely been empirically tested. The analysis is conducted using an administrative dataset called the School Census. The School Census enables detailed geographical analysis that is not possible with existing datasets used to measure internal migration in the UK. The thesis demonstrates the potential of the School Census for migration research and its usefulness in shaping policy. Change in the socioeconomic composition of a neighbourhood can be measured using the proportion of pupils claiming Free School Meals (FSM), which is widely used as a measure of poverty in educational research. The change in the concentration of FSM pupils is uniquely analysed at varying spatial scales to determine an appropriate neighbourhood level at which to conduct further analysis. The effect of internal migration on neighbourhood socioeconomic change is analysed using a growth model for Lower Super Output Areas. It shows that internal migration contributes to increased concentration of FSM pupils in the most deprived neighbourhoods. However, the effect is small. The effect of pupils changing their FSM status but not moving (in-situ change) is more dominant and reduced the concentration of FSM pupils in the most deprived neighbourhoods during the period 2002-2007. These findings contribute to a small but growing literature that suggests the effect of internal migration is minor when compared with in-situ change. Factors related to internal migration at the neighbourhood level are modelled using linear and spatial regression. A number of characteristics are found to be similarly associated with net migration of FSM and non-FSM pupils. This suggests there is an element of choice exercised by all families with school children when they move. However, there are discriminating effects, including school quality, that are related to higher net migration of non-FSM pupils but not FSM pupils. Moreover, the effects of some neighbourhood characteristics on migration including worklessness are shown to vary across different parts of the country. These findings suggest policy makers should be sensitive to local contexts when planning public service provision.

New Public Management (NPM) – a global administrative discourse – has been controversial in its intentions, implications, and outcomes. It has been the focus of lively academic, political, and public debate, and has been subjected to extensive academic scrutiny over the last few decades. However, 'spatial analyses' of its global–national political implications remain underdeveloped. Thus, the purpose of the present thesis is to investigate the spatial politics of NPM as a global hegemonic discourse, by exploring its emergence, evolution, and current role in the dynamics of global capitalism and governance. The work examines the processes, technologies, and techniques through which governable spaces of governance have been constructed by NPM discourse. In terms of methodology, a critical discourse analysis is undertaken here of OECD annual reports from 1978 to 2011, as well as other OECD 'texts' that propagate NPM discourse. In terms of theory, the thesis draws on Foucault's notions of governmentality, disciplinary power, biopolitics, and heterotopia. The thesis concludes that NPM discourse creates a heterotopian textual space. It constructs a transnational governing space that is biopolitically governed through the exercise of specific heterotopic practices. Through the deployment of NPM discourse, neoliberal subjects have been constructed, and neoliberal governmentality has become transnational. This has transpired because NPM discourse operates as an interplay between heterotopias of deviation and heterotopias of compensation. Using a set of textual practices of compensation and deviation, NPM (re)constructs a utopia of neoliberalism, where NPM deviates and compensates not only national governments and their populations but also individual public organisations at the national and transnational levels. Through such deviation and compensation strategies, neoliberalism is perpetually (re)produced as an ideal type. To this end, various institutional technologies and techniques of differentiation, surveillance, and compensation/normalisation are deployed.

Subject of the thesis is project documentation of reconstruction of two very near intersections on road II/351 in Třebíč. Directional traffic research was done in order to compare suggested variants, (spiral) turbo roundabout was selected for further working-out of the project. Project solves road traffic including public bus transport, sidewalks and rehabilitation of joining streets.

The public service ethos (PSE) has spent thirty years - since the advent of New Public Management - in flux. In the late 1990s, partnership working appeared to offer an alternative to NPM, as part of a perceived shift to network governance. What impact has partnership and network governance had on the PSE? This study looked at two case studies of Community Safety Partnerships (CSPs) operating under different local governance conditions. It interviewed public servants within these CSPs on their experiences of partnership working, and perceptions around public service itself. What emerged is a picture of partial network governance, with each case study taking a different approach and yielding different structures and outcomes. While the public servants were professional and committed, they were loyal to their field of work and individual clients. In the recent decades, public interest and consideration of wider societal impact has been removed from everyday working; what remains is a vacuum. The neo-liberal view – that satisfying individual client need creates societal benefit when aggregated – has taken root. PSE is now a partial concept: it remains altruistic but without the core of wider, deeper thinking required. While network governance could ameliorate this trend, the partial and limited implementation of the concept by government means that it hinders PSE as much as it fosters it.

This study explores partnership working as a mechanism for effective public service delivery. It investigates into how Public-Social Enterprise Partnerships (P-SEPs) can utilise innovative models of user involvement and Service Innovation (SI) in the co-design and co-delivery of user-led socially-oriented services to young adults (18-24) in East England. It identifies the inability of P-SEPs to conceptually explore innovative models of user involvement and SI when engaging young-adult end users in the co-design and co-delivery of user-led solutions to `wicked` issues like `rough sleeping` as a gap in knowledge which I will explore three interrelated research questions in filling. This study draws conceptual inspiration from the network theory, the Pragmatic research paradigm and the inductive-deductive research strategy in exploring the Concurrent Mixed Method underpinned by Likert-scale questionnaires and semi-structure interviews as my data gathering instruments. The emergent conceptual framework from my data analyses posits that high users` perception of their involvement in the co-design and co-delivery of user-led public services can engineer satisfaction, transformational outcomes and high service quality. A fieldtrip provided the conceptual opportunity for me to explore three multiple-case studies in gathering qualitative data through semi-structured interviews administered to staff as these were coded, thematised and analysed using NVivo. Quantitative data from questionnaires administered to end users were analysed using Excel. Evidence gleaned from both strands was integrated and triangulated in complementing and enhancing my research findings. This study challenges misconceptions and dominant ideologies which underpin user involvement while making three interconnected contributions to knowledge. First, it extends the frontiers of knowledge in the discipline by creating new insights and articulating four innovative models of user involvement. Second, at the practical level, it contributes to the ongoing debate on conceptualising, modernising and delivering more effective userengineered public services by informing professional practice and policymaking. And third, at the theoretical level, it contributes towards the development of a theory on user involvement. It thus underlines the factual conclusion that high users` perception of their involvement in the co-design and co-delivery of user-led outcomes can engineer high user satisfaction, high service quality and transformational outcomes. It successfully re-positions the debates on user involvement on new conceptual and empirical grounds.

This work is an endeavour on the subject of the Critical Success Factors imposed by Human Resources, in the process of reforms, under the context of New Public Management, particularly, as this applies in the Greek Public Sector and more specifically in the cases of ISO implementation. The fundamental issues it attempts to elucidate are the Human Resources policies that must be applied, so that employees become an integral element for the successful implementation of any introduced reforms. Many scholars have pointed out the gap in literature regarding the effect of New Public Management (NPM) reforms on the human factor. Moreover, in the current Greek reality, in the context of the economic recession and the debt crisis, where public administration reforms are mandatory, the thorough examination of the vital issues, pertaining to Human Resources, consists a major priority. The qualitative research method applied with the employees of the reformed organisations has further aspired to ponder and determine what really matters during the transformational process from the employees’ point of view. The conclusions we have reached underpin the importance of Human Resources motivational factors in the reform process, taking into consideration that the employee is the catalyst for any change effort. Some of those factors were found to be also part of the ISO concept per se, thus, their implementation would boost the employees’ morale, while others must be carefully analysed, planned and implemented by all the stakeholders to further facilitate the change process. We have to bear in mind that, especially under the current dire economic environment, quality reforms could be a challenge, as they combine fiscal discipline and at the same time aspire to increase the employees’ and citizens’ satisfaction. This study goes further to suggest that, the implementation of ISO reforms could help all the participants, provided that the decision makers take into serious consideration the Critical Success Factors outlined herewith, that have been extracted from a survey conducted pertinent to our research. This study focused on the reforms/ISO process as implemented by the Intermediate Managing Authority of the Ionian Islands. Further research on the implications from the implementation of NMP doctrines on Human Resources should be conducted in other Greek governmental organisations, in order to reaffirm the results and possibly enhance the suggested model. Conclusively, our ultimate target is to assist decision makers and encourage them to utilise the arguments depicted, towards the successful implementation of NPM doctrines.