The use of 3D printing in biological applications is a new field of study given that 3D printing technology has become more available and user friendly. Possible uses include using existing 3D printing polymers to use in extracorporeal or in vitro devices, like Lab-on-a-Chip, and the development of new biologically derived materials to print cell-containing constructs. The latter concept is what is more commonly known as bioprinting. Our research had the goal of developing a bioprinting system including the printer, a bioink, and a feedback system for printing parameter optimization which could be done cheaply and within the reach of nearly any research lab. To make the bioprinter, we were able to take a popular plastic 3D printer and convert it to a bioprinter with 3D printed parts and the addition of a new motherboard. This came with great contribution from Carnegie Melon University. We were also able to improve upon the original design and, along with the new bioprinting capabilities, maintain the original capabilities of the plastic 3D printer. A new bioink was developed to work in coordination with this bioprinting system. Our lab has the luxury of having access to decellularized tissue, which provided a unique material to create a bioink which is derived from the extra-cellular matrix of porcine hearts. The final bioink protocol allows the users to make their own bioink, from easily obtainable tissue and determine their own concentration of the extra-cellular matrix/collagen within a range. Lastly, a feedback system was developed using a Raspberry Pi and camera module to provide real-time visual feedback of the bioprinting process which is otherwise very difficult to see and optimize parameters from. A protocol was developed to sequentially optimize the parameters for an open-source slicing software which governs the resolution of the bioprinter itself. In related research, the cytotoxicity and cell adherence properties of a printing resin for a microfluidic 3D printer were evaluated for use in Lab-on-a-Chip applications. The existing resin was tested and determined to be cytotoxic to cells and therefore not suitable for biological applications. We showed that a simple ethanol washing step and plasma treatment pulled the cytotoxic elements out of the polymer and modified the surface such that cells could attach and proliferate on the printed resin. Another printed resin was also tested which was determined to have no natural cytotoxicity, but the same plasma treatment was needed to allow for cell adherence.

Abstract This report is conducted to gain an insight in the Swedish furniture industry since the early 1900s and its current state. At a time when we are becoming more and more aware of that we are living in an unsustainable society of consumption and quickly puts an end to the earth’s resources, can we continue in this direction and will it be profitable from an economic-, social- and sustainability perspective? In my examproject i have investigated these questions and are proposing a way to keep production localy with local sustainable materials in a near future. New powerful digital pruduction tools and tecniques, and research and inventions in the material feilds, are rewriting the global pruduction map. By visiting a variety of production facilities for furniture and through a series of interviews of people connected to the industry, I have gained a deeper understanding and insight into the Swedish furniture industry and the future changes it faces. I have also read relevant literature and analyzed the chair as an object and the ergonomic conditions of sitting. In my report I want to showcase the importance of tradition and knowledge in furniture making, and bring this into a future sustainable production industry. Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing as it is also called, allows the designer to design both the inside and outside of an object and give it unique features. This enables many of the traditional physical conditions of production technology to be re-examined. My design proposal is a 3D printed chair designed by using Biomimicry and looking at the wasp. The wasp is chewing wood fibre and mixing it with saliva and then spits the mixture out in thin stripes and layer by layer building its nest, much in the same way as a 3D printer. As material i have proposed a filament based on nanocellulose witch is 100% biodegradible and because of its mechanical properties that are very similar to kevlar will allow physical freedom to the design.

Arbetet handlar om vakuum och hur det kan användas vid tillverkning av smådelar i trä inom möbelsnickeri. Arbetet innehåller grundläggande fakta om vakuum. Tillsammans med en omvärldsanalys bygger det vidare i en utvecklingsprocess av vakuumfästen för tre valda former i trä som är problematiska att bearbeta. 3D-modelleringsprogram tillsammans med 3D-skrivare skapar frihet i framtagningen och visar på att det behövs små medel för avancerad bearbetning. Snickerimaskiner i undersökningen har valts efter svårigheter och säkerhetsfaktorer inför testerna. De har  avgränsats till fyra stycken. Undersökningen och dess tester visar att vakuum kan användas för att bearbeta smådelar samtidigt som det fortfarande finns mycket kvar att undersöka. I den avslutande diskussionen lyfts önskan fram om att arbetet ska inspirera fler att utveckla hantverket och dela sina  kunskaper.

I denna studie har utvecklingen av industriellt underhåll studerats och företaget Quant Services Sweden AB har använts som inspirationskälla. Fallstudien för att testa denna studie har gjorts på Viverk AB.Under min tid som underhållsingenjör på Quant har jag upptäckt utvecklingsmöjligheter för industriellt underhåll, service och eftermarknad. Med stöd av andra studier inom industri 4,0 har jag lyckats få fram vilka teknologier och på vilket sätt man kan nyttja dessa teknologier för att stärka sig själva i den internationella marknaden och även stärka sin konkurrenskraft. En analys har gjorts av Quants nuvarande tillstånd och vilket gap som finns för industri 4,0, och med vilka teknologier man kan fylla detta gap. Jag har även fört diskussioner med andra ingenjörer inom bolaget för att bedöma behovet av ett sådant arbete. Tre fallstudier har utförts för att testa teorin i detta arbete, fallstudierna har utförts på ett annat företag för att påvisa den bredda implementeringen och möjligheterna med andra bolag än det aktuella. Fallstudierna har gjorts på ett företag som heter Viverk AB, som är en tillverkare av industriella tvättmaskiner.3D-printning (additiv tillverkning) är den primära teknologin som studerats vilket även resultatet påvisat. Resultatet av studien visar att underhåll, service och eftermarknad kan implementera ett nytt digitalt verktyg, i Quants fall kan det förslagsvis namnges quant3D för att vara konsekvent utmed Quants andra digitala verktyg.Verktygets syfte är att optimera reservdelsförsörjningen på maskinparken.Detta verktyg kan även stödjas med Digital tvilling (Digital Twins), Artificiell intelligens (Artificial Intelligence), Generativ design (Generative Design) och Sakernas Internet (Internet of Things [IoT]) för att skapa ett komplett Digitalt Verktyg (Digital Toolbox) till sina kunder, vilket resulterar i en bättre reservdelsförsörjning och ständiga förbättringar (Continuous Improvement). Meningen med förbättringsarbetet är att optimera underhållsavdelningen och minimera tiden för oplanerade stopp i produktionen, vilket är underhållets primära mål, det vill säga att syftet är att uppnå högre teknisk tillgänglighet på maskinerna. Fallstudien som har utförts visar även att det finns en vinst i att med hjälp av additiv tillverkning får kortare tid i oplanerade stopp. / In this study, the development of industrial maintenance has been studied andthe company Quant Services Sweden AB has been used as a source of inspiration. The case study to test this study has been done at Viverk AB.During my time as a maintenance engineer at Quant, I have discovered opportunities for industrial maintenance, service, and aftermarket. With the support of other studies in industry 4.0, I have managed to identify which technologies and in what way you can use these and strengthen yourself in the international market and strengthen your competitiveness.An analysis has been made of Quant's current state and what gap there is for industry 4.0, and with what technologies one can fill this gap. I have also had discussions with other engineers within the company to assess the need for such work. Three case studies have been carried out to test the theory in this work, the case studies have been carried out at another company to demonstrate the wide implementation and the possibilities with other companies than the current one. The case studies have been done at a company called Viverk AB, which is a manufacturer of industrial washing machines.3D printing (additive manufacturing) is the primary technology studied, the results of which have also been demonstrated. The result of the study shows that maintenance, service, and aftermarket can implement a new digital tool, in Quant's case it can be named quant3D to be consistent with Quant's other digital tools. The purpose of the tool is to optimize the supply of spare parts on the machine parkThis tool can also be supported with Digital Twins, Artificial Intelligence, Generative Design and the Internet of Things (IoT) to create a complete Digital Toolbox for their customers, resulting in a better supply of spare parts and continuous improvement (CI).The purpose of the improvement work is to optimize the maintenance department and minimize the time for unplanned stops in production, which is the primary goal of maintenance, that is the purpose to achieve higher technical availability on the machines. The case study that has been carried out also shows that there is a profit in using additive manufacturing to reduce the time in unplanned stops.