International scientific publication is dominated by high-impact Anglophone journals that account for around 90% of frequently-cited information. The dominance of these journals results in an increasing pressure on novice multilingual scholars to publish in English. Failure to publish in these journals has implications for individual novice scholars' future careers and for the global dissemination of scientific knowledge. Despite the importance of the topic, there is a lack of "bottom-up" research investigating the experiences of novice multilingual scholars engaged in the process of learning to write for publication in English. This thesis presents three longitudinal case studies of German-L1 novice scholars writing their first article for publication in English and analyses text histories, interviews, feedback comments and writing logs to construct a picture of the linguistic and sociocultural challenges facing this particular group of multilingual scholars. This textoriented ethnographic approach portrays both the socially-situated story of the novice writer and the linguistic story of the text from first draft to final publication and shows how successful scientific publication is dependent on the support of pivotal actors (supervisors, peers, language professionals and reviewers), who intervene following critical incidents in the trajectory towards publication to keep the text on track. With the help of pivotal actors, these critical incidents can become opportunities for novice scholars to more fully engage with the practice of scientific writing and move from a peripheral to a more centrally-located role within their local community of practice (COP) thereby gaining confidence to operate more autonomously within the global scientific discourse community. The ability to respond to dialogic feedback from pivotal actors, as well as persistence, motivation and tenacity can be seen as key success factors in the writing for publication process. The thesis outlines implications for EAP professionals involved in teaching courses in writing for scientific publication.

Richard Scott Goldhor. / Also issued as Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1985. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 267-276). / Supported in part by the National Science Fopundation. MCS 81-128899

No description available.

Istzustandsanalyse, Sollzustandsanalyse, Soll - Ist - Vergleich

Die firmenübergreifende Datenintegration automatisch erfasster, produktbezogener Ereignisse ermöglicht eine verbesserte Sicht auf logistische Prozesse. Unternehmen möchten die dazu notwendige Weitergabe von durch sie erfassten Ereignissen jedoch attributgenau kontrollieren können. Da durch die Verkettung von Ereignissen aus mehreren Quellen Lieferbeziehungen zwischen Firmen ermittelt werden können, kann die Herausgabe von Ereignissen durch eine Firma die Sicherheitsanforderungen anderer Firmen verletzen. Ausgehend von einer Problemanalyse stellt dieser Beitrag ein Zugriffskontrollsystem vor, das solche externen Sicherheitsanforderungen in den Zugriffskontrollprozess einbeziehen kann. Es unterstützt die regelbasierte Delegation der Entscheidungsgewalt an Partnerunternehmen und die Kombination mehrerer Entscheidungen. / The cross-company integration of automatically recorded product- related events enables an improved view of logistic processes. The individual companies, however, often strive to control the necessary information dissemination at attribute granularity. As the linking of events from different sources may permit business relationships between companies to be inferred, the dissemination of data acquired locally by one company might well violate the security requirements of other companies. Based on a problem analysis, this paper introduces an access control system which is able to accommodate such external security requirements. The system supports both rulebased delegation of the right to decide on access requests and combinations of multiple decisions.

Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Langue et littérature française et comparée--Paris 4, 2005. / Bibliogr. p. 345-428. Index.

O amendoim (Arachis hypogaea L.) é uma das oleaginosas mais consumidas no mundo, e o Brasil apresenta potencial para despontar como grande produtor e exportador. Diferentes cultivares de amendoim foram desenvolvidas visando melhorar a produtividade, a qualidade nutricional e a vida de prateleira dos grãos e seus derivados. A bibliografia indica diferença na composição química e nutricional de cultivares obtidas por melhoramento genético. Este projeto teve como objetivo identificar cultivares de amendoim em produção e sua composição nutricional com vistas à alimentação humana, perfil nutricional e programas governamentais para incentivo ao consumo. As cultivares selecionados foram Granoleico (origem Argentina), IAC OL3, IAC 886, IAC 505 e IAC Tatu Vermelho (desenvolvidas no Brasil). Amostras dos cinco cultivares foram coletadas em cooperativas das principais regiões produtoras do estado de São Paulo, localizadas nos municípios de Tupã e Marília, representantes da região da Alta Paulista com solos mais claros e Jaboticabal e Sertãozinho, correspondentes à região da Alta Mogiana, com solos mais avermelhados. Estas cinco cultivares, produzidas no Estado de São Paulo, atingem 83% de área de cultivo nacional, que é responsável por 92% da produção do Brasil. As amostras foram analisadas quanto à composição centesimal, a presença de fatores antinutricionais (ácido fítico, taninos condensados, saponinas e atividade da urease), minerais (ferro, zinco, fósforo, cálcio, manganês e magnésio), perfil de ácidos graxos, tocoferóis totais e β-caroteno. A análise estatística foi realizada por Análise de Variância - ANOVA e aplicação do Teste de Tukey para comparação das médias. Os resultados observados revelaram variações de 18% de carboidratos, 9,7% de proteína, 28% de fibras e 8,2% de lipídios, com a cultivar IAC 505 apresentando as maiores porcentagens de lipídios e proteínas. Os minerais variaram 45% para Fe, 40% para Ca, 12% para Mg, 39% para Mn, 41% para P e 30% para Zn. Foram observadas diferenças nos teores de antinutricionais, constatando-se cultivares com teores de saponinas (Tatu Vermelho), ácido fítico (IAC OL3), taninos condensados (IAC 886) e atividade da urease (IAC 886), superiores às demais. Os níveis de tocoferóis totais e β-caroteno foram superiores nas cultivares Tatu Vermelho e Granoleico, respectivamente. Do ponto de vista de qualidade do perfil de ácidos graxos, a cultivar IAC 505 se destacou com 42% da composição de ácidos graxos monoinsaturados, 1,4 % de poli-insaturados, 6% de saturados e razão oleico/linoléico de 26. Foram elaboradas tabelas de comparação entre os resultados obtidos e as recomendações de ingestão dietética para verificação do suprimento de nutrientes. Com os resultados obtidos, pode se concluir que a composição química e nutricional de cultivares desenvolvidas pode ser afetada pelo processo de melhoramento genético, mas estudos complementares devem ser realizados. Há cultivares com qualidade nutricional superior às demais que suprem necessidades orgânicas e são mais interessantes para consumo de acordo com o objetivo nutricional. Estas deveriam ser inseridas em programas de incentivo à produção agrícola e o consumo incentivado devido a impacto benéfico no perfil nutricional de populações. / Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most consumed oil in the world and Brazil has the potential to emerge as a major producer and exporter. Peanut different cultivars have been developed to improve the productivity, nutritional quality and shelf life of grain and its derivatives. The literature indicates difference in the chemical and nutritional composition of cultivars obtained by genetic improvement. This project aimed to identify peanut cultivars in production and its nutritional composition with a view to food, nutritional profile and government programs to boost consumption. The selected cultivars were Granoleico (Argentine origin), OL3 IAC, IAC 886, IAC 505 and IAC Red Tatu (developed in Brazil). Samples of five cultivars were collected in cooperatives of the main producing regions of São Paulo, in the cities of Tupa and Marilia, representatives of Alta Paulista region with light soils and Jaboticabal and Sertaozinho, corresponding to the region of Upper Mogiana with red soil. These five cultivars produced in the State of São Paulo, reaching 83% of cultivation area, which is responsible for 92% of production in Brazil. The samples were analyzed for chemical composition, the presence of anti-nutritional factors (phytic acid, tannins, saponins and activity of urease), minerals (iron, zinc, phosphorus, calcium, manganese and magnesium), fatty acid profile, total tocopherols and β-carotene. Statistical analysis was performed by analysis of variance - ANOVA and application of the Tukey test for comparison of means. The observed results showed variations of 18% carbohydrate, 9.7% protein, 28% fiber and 8.2% lipids, with IAC 505 having the highest percentage of lipids and proteins. Mineral varied to 45% Fe, 40% Ca, 12% Mg, 39% for Mn, 41% to 30% for P and Zn. Differences were observed in anti-nutritional content, confirming if cultivars with saponins content (Red Tatu), phytic acid (IAC OL3), condensed tannins (IAC 886) and urease activity (IAC 886), higher than the others. The levels of total tocopherols and β-carotene were higher in cultivars Tatu Vermelho and Granoleico respectively. The quality viewpoint of the fatty acid profile, the IAC 505 is highlighted with the composition 42% monounsaturated fatty acids, 1.4% from polyunsaturated, saturated and 6% oleic reason / linoleic 26. Were elaborated comparison tables between the results obtained and the dietary intake recommendations to check the supply of nutrients. With the results, it can be concluded that the chemical and nutritional composition of developed cultivars may be affected by genetic improvement, but further studies should be conducted. There are varieties with higher nutritional quality to other supplying organic needs and are more interesting for consumption according to the nutritional purpose. These should be included in the incentive programs for agricultural production and encouraged consumption due to beneficial impact on the nutritional profile of populations.

O amendoim (Arachis hypogaea L.) é uma das oleaginosas mais consumidas no mundo, e o Brasil apresenta potencial para despontar como grande produtor e exportador. Diferentes cultivares de amendoim foram desenvolvidas visando melhorar a produtividade, a qualidade nutricional e a vida de prateleira dos grãos e seus derivados. A bibliografia indica diferença na composição química e nutricional de cultivares obtidas por melhoramento genético. Este projeto teve como objetivo identificar cultivares de amendoim em produção e sua composição nutricional com vistas à alimentação humana, perfil nutricional e programas governamentais para incentivo ao consumo. As cultivares selecionados foram Granoleico (origem Argentina), IAC OL3, IAC 886, IAC 505 e IAC Tatu Vermelho (desenvolvidas no Brasil). Amostras dos cinco cultivares foram coletadas em cooperativas das principais regiões produtoras do estado de São Paulo, localizadas nos municípios de Tupã e Marília, representantes da região da Alta Paulista com solos mais claros e Jaboticabal e Sertãozinho, correspondentes à região da Alta Mogiana, com solos mais avermelhados. Estas cinco cultivares, produzidas no Estado de São Paulo, atingem 83% de área de cultivo nacional, que é responsável por 92% da produção do Brasil. As amostras foram analisadas quanto à composição centesimal, a presença de fatores antinutricionais (ácido fítico, taninos condensados, saponinas e atividade da urease), minerais (ferro, zinco, fósforo, cálcio, manganês e magnésio), perfil de ácidos graxos, tocoferóis totais e β-caroteno. A análise estatística foi realizada por Análise de Variância - ANOVA e aplicação do Teste de Tukey para comparação das médias. Os resultados observados revelaram variações de 18% de carboidratos, 9,7% de proteína, 28% de fibras e 8,2% de lipídios, com a cultivar IAC 505 apresentando as maiores porcentagens de lipídios e proteínas. Os minerais variaram 45% para Fe, 40% para Ca, 12% para Mg, 39% para Mn, 41% para P e 30% para Zn. Foram observadas diferenças nos teores de antinutricionais, constatando-se cultivares com teores de saponinas (Tatu Vermelho), ácido fítico (IAC OL3), taninos condensados (IAC 886) e atividade da urease (IAC 886), superiores às demais. Os níveis de tocoferóis totais e β-caroteno foram superiores nas cultivares Tatu Vermelho e Granoleico, respectivamente. Do ponto de vista de qualidade do perfil de ácidos graxos, a cultivar IAC 505 se destacou com 42% da composição de ácidos graxos monoinsaturados, 1,4 % de poli-insaturados, 6% de saturados e razão oleico/linoléico de 26. Foram elaboradas tabelas de comparação entre os resultados obtidos e as recomendações de ingestão dietética para verificação do suprimento de nutrientes. Com os resultados obtidos, pode se concluir que a composição química e nutricional de cultivares desenvolvidas pode ser afetada pelo processo de melhoramento genético, mas estudos complementares devem ser realizados. Há cultivares com qualidade nutricional superior às demais que suprem necessidades orgânicas e são mais interessantes para consumo de acordo com o objetivo nutricional. Estas deveriam ser inseridas em programas de incentivo à produção agrícola e o consumo incentivado devido a impacto benéfico no perfil nutricional de populações. / Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most consumed oil in the world and Brazil has the potential to emerge as a major producer and exporter. Peanut different cultivars have been developed to improve the productivity, nutritional quality and shelf life of grain and its derivatives. The literature indicates difference in the chemical and nutritional composition of cultivars obtained by genetic improvement. This project aimed to identify peanut cultivars in production and its nutritional composition with a view to food, nutritional profile and government programs to boost consumption. The selected cultivars were Granoleico (Argentine origin), OL3 IAC, IAC 886, IAC 505 and IAC Red Tatu (developed in Brazil). Samples of five cultivars were collected in cooperatives of the main producing regions of São Paulo, in the cities of Tupa and Marilia, representatives of Alta Paulista region with light soils and Jaboticabal and Sertaozinho, corresponding to the region of Upper Mogiana with red soil. These five cultivars produced in the State of São Paulo, reaching 83% of cultivation area, which is responsible for 92% of production in Brazil. The samples were analyzed for chemical composition, the presence of anti-nutritional factors (phytic acid, tannins, saponins and activity of urease), minerals (iron, zinc, phosphorus, calcium, manganese and magnesium), fatty acid profile, total tocopherols and β-carotene. Statistical analysis was performed by analysis of variance - ANOVA and application of the Tukey test for comparison of means. The observed results showed variations of 18% carbohydrate, 9.7% protein, 28% fiber and 8.2% lipids, with IAC 505 having the highest percentage of lipids and proteins. Mineral varied to 45% Fe, 40% Ca, 12% Mg, 39% for Mn, 41% to 30% for P and Zn. Differences were observed in anti-nutritional content, confirming if cultivars with saponins content (Red Tatu), phytic acid (IAC OL3), condensed tannins (IAC 886) and urease activity (IAC 886), higher than the others. The levels of total tocopherols and β-carotene were higher in cultivars Tatu Vermelho and Granoleico respectively. The quality viewpoint of the fatty acid profile, the IAC 505 is highlighted with the composition 42% monounsaturated fatty acids, 1.4% from polyunsaturated, saturated and 6% oleic reason / linoleic 26. Were elaborated comparison tables between the results obtained and the dietary intake recommendations to check the supply of nutrients. With the results, it can be concluded that the chemical and nutritional composition of developed cultivars may be affected by genetic improvement, but further studies should be conducted. There are varieties with higher nutritional quality to other supplying organic needs and are more interesting for consumption according to the nutritional purpose. These should be included in the incentive programs for agricultural production and encouraged consumption due to beneficial impact on the nutritional profile of populations.

Informationstechnologie (IT) ist im heutigen Marktumfeld für viele Unternehmen längst zu einem erfolgsrelevanten Faktor geworden. Den Management- und Controllingprozessen von IT-Projekten ist somit besondere Aufmerksamkeit zu widmen, da sie die IT-Fähigkeiten der gesamten Organisation maßgeblich beeinflussen. Um diese Prozesse zu bewerten und zielgerichtet weiterzuentwickeln, sind Reifegradmodelle (Maturity Models) ein effektives Instrument. Für den speziellen Bereich des IT-Projektmanagements und -controllings existiert bereits eine Vielzahl von Reifegradmodellen. Obwohl einer der meistgenannten Nutzenaspekte von Reifegradmodellen in der Verbesserung der Prozesse liegt, ist die Erfolgsquote von IT-Projekten gering. Die Gründe hierfür sind vielfältig, liegen jedoch in erster Linie in einer unzureichenden Planung, Steuerung und Kontrolle des Projektverlaufs, zu geringer Beachtung von Projektinterdependenzen sowie einer fehlenden Ausrichtung der Prozesse an einer übergeordneten Strategie (Business-ITAlignment). In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden daher einige weit verbreitete Reifegradmodelle analysiert und gegenübergestellt. Es wird unter anderem untersucht, inwiefern bestehende Reifegradmodelle zum IT-Projektmanagement die wichtigen Teilaspekte des IT-Projektcontrollings sowie des Business-IT-Alignments abbilden. Die Untersuchung zeigt vor allem zwei Schwachstellen: Zum einen fokussieren viele Modelle bei der Prozessbetrachtung lediglich auf die operative Ebene und vernachlässigen strategische Aspekte des IT-Projektmanagements und -controllings. Zum anderen liefern zwar alle Modelle eine Beschreibung der Ist-Situation, können aber kaum konkrete Hinweise oder Handlungsanweisungen zur Verbesserung der Prozesse bereitstellen. Aufgrund dieser Erkenntnisse wird ein Ansatz für ein Reifegradmodell entwickelt, welcher die identifizierten Problembereiche adressiert. Besonders die Verknüpfung strategischer und operativer Elemente des Einzel- und Multiprojektcontrollings, die Beachtung spezieller Merkmale von IT-Projekten sowie der Vorschlag konkreter Maßnahmen und Controllinginstrumente zur Prozessverbesserung können einen erheblichen Mehrwert zu bereits vorhandenen Modellen erzeugen. Das entwickelte Modell trägt somit zum Verständnis der Relevanz eines erfolgreichen IT-Projektcontrollings bei, hilft durch seine Spezialisierung die entsprechenden Prozesse genauer zu analysieren und gibt praktische Hinweise zur gezielten Verbesserung. Für eine empirische Validierung und Weiterentwicklung sind jedoch weitere Studien notwendig.

Der Begriff Agilität bezeichnet innerhalb der Organisationslehre seit etwa 20 Jahren eine Form der flexiblen, schlanken, kundenorientierten Organisationsgestaltung und verbindet sich, um jeweils neu entwickelte Technologien erweitert, mit dem Charakter einer jungen, modernen Organisationsform. Verstärkt wird dieser Eindruck durch die Tatsache, dass vor dem Jahre 1991, als das Iacocca Institute entscheidend zur Verknüpfung des Begriffes Agilität mit der Organisationslehre und zur Verbreitung der mit der Agilität verbundenen Methoden beitrug, der Agilitätsbegriff innerhalb der Organisationsforschung kaum auftauchte. Erst seit den frühen 1990er Jahren sind zahlreiche Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Thema erschienen, eine anhaltende Tendenz, wie die Publikationen des aktuellen Jahres belegen. Für den Ursprung des Begriffes Agilität wird in den meisten Aufsätzen dementsprechend das Jahr 1991 angesetzt, nur einige wenige Quellen nennen ältere Aufsätze und noch seltener taucht der Hinweis auf, das der Agilitätsbegriff im Umfeld der Sozialwissenschaften bereits seit den 1950er Jahren bekannt ist, interessanterweise durch das Werk eines Wirtschaftstheoretikers. Die Herkunft des Begriffes Agilität im organisationalen Umfeld auszuleuchten und sich an die vielfältigen Darstellungen dieses Konzeptes anzunähern, ist das Anliegen der vorliegenden Arbeit. Das Agilitätsmodell in der seit den 1990er Jahren entwickelten Prägung ist eine Sammlung von Elementen verschiedener organisationstheoretischer Ansätze und enthält eine Vielzahl organisationaler Konzepte, die zudem fortlaufend erweitert und verändert wurden. Es würde den Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit sprengen, die Theorien und Konzepte aufzulisten, die dem Agilitätsbegriff eine grundsätzliche Prägung verliehen. Es werden jedoch einige Organisationstheorien und Konzepte, deren Elemente sich als Kennzeichen der Agilität wiederfinden, aufgezeigt, um darzustellen, dass agiles Denken existierte, bevor der Begriff „Agilität“ geprägt wurde. Die Agilität ist kein Konzept, das aus der Praxis heraus entstanden ist und anschließend zum Forschungsgegenstand der Wirtschaftswissenschaften wurde, vielmehr handelt es sich um einen Entwurf, der originär als theoretischer Lösungsansatz zur Behebung einer wirtschaftlichen Stagnation entwickelt wurde. Inwieweit dieser theoretische Ansatz in der Praxis tatsächlich auch Verbreitung finden konnte, ist eine interessante Fragestellung, die zum Thema mehrerer Forschungsarbeiten gewählt wurde. Die vorliegende Arbeit wird diesen Bereich jedoch nicht näher beleuchten. Vielmehr steht eine Sammlung und Strukturierung verschiedener in der Literatur vorhandener Auffassungen und Auslegungen des Agilitätsbegriffs im Mittelpunkt.