Submitted by Maykon Nascimento (maykon.albani@hotmail.com) on 2015-03-24T19:30:02Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertação Silas Adolfo Potin.pdf: 973304 bytes, checksum: 6ccbd43d221108cae9f474583440deb9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elizabete Silva (elizabete.silva@ufes.br) on 2015-04-30T19:58:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertação Silas Adolfo Potin.pdf: 973304 bytes, checksum: 6ccbd43d221108cae9f474583440deb9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-30T19:58:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertação Silas Adolfo Potin.pdf: 973304 bytes, checksum: 6ccbd43d221108cae9f474583440deb9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-24 / Este trabalho investiga, no mercado acionário brasileiro, o efeito da contabilidade de hedge na qualidade das informações contábeis divulgadas, no disclosure dos instrumentos financeiros derivativos e na assimetria de informação. Para medir a qualidade da informação contábil, foram utilizadas as métricas de relevância da informação contábil e informatividade dos lucros contábeis. Para a execução deste trabalho, foi constituída uma amostra geral com empresas brasileiras, não financeiras, listadas na Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo, compreendendo as 150 empresas com maior valor de mercado em 01/01/2014. A partir da amostra geral, foram constituídas amostras para a aplicação dos modelos de value relevance, informativeness, disclosure e assimetria de informação. A amostra para relevância contou com 758 observações firmas-anos, para o período de 2008 a 2013. A amostra para informatividade contou com 701 observações firmas-anos, para o período de 2008 a 2013. A amostra para disclosure contou com 100 observações firmas-anos, para o período de 2011 a 2012. A amostra para assimetria de informação contou com 100 observações firmas-anos, para o período de 2011 a 2012. Para as análises dos dados, utilizou-se regressões com errospadrão robustos com abordagem POLS e Efeitos Fixos, aplicadas sobre dados em painel. Complementarmente, para as análises do efeito do hedge accounting sobre o disclosure e assimetria de informação, foi aplicado o método de Propensity Score Matching. As evidências encontradas para a influência da contabilidade de hedge na relevância da informação contábil apontaram uma relação positiva e significante na interação com o LL. Na análise da informatividade dos lucros contábeis, a pesquisa evidenciou uma relação negativa e estatisticamente significante do lucro quando interagido com a variável dummy de hedge accounting. Quanto às evidências encontradas para a influência do hedge accounting sobre o disclosure dos derivativos, verificou-se uma relação positiva e estatisticamente significante da dummy de hedge accounting com o indicador de evidenciação dos derivativos. Em relação às evidências para a assimetria de informação, embora os coeficientes se mostrassem no sentido esperado, os mesmos não foram estatisticamente significativos. Adicionalmente, incorporamse às análises econométricas uma análise descritiva, na amostra geral, da utilização do hedge accounting no Brasil, para o ano de 2013. Dentre as 150 empresas da amostra, 49 empresas utilizaram hedge accounting, onde 41 empresas adotam apenas 1 tipo de hedge. O hedge de fluxo de caixa é o tipo de hedge mais adotado pelas empresas, sendo utilizado por 42 companhias. / This work investigates, in the Brazilian stock market, the effect of hedge accounting on the quality of accounting information disclosed, in the disclosure of derivative financial instruments and information asymmetry. To measure the quality of accounting information, the metrics of relevance of accounting information and accounting earnings informativeness were used. For the execution of this work, a general sample consisted of non-financial Brazilian companies, listed on São Paulo’s Stock Market, comprising 150 companies with the highest market value in 01/01/2014. From the overall sample, samples were set up for the implementation of models of value relevance, informativeness, disclosure and information asymmetry. The relevance sample included 758 firms–years observations for the period ranging from 2008 to 2013. The sample for informativeness included 701 firms–years observations for the period from 2008 to 2013. The sample for disclosure had 100 firms–year observations, for the period from 2011 to 2012. The sample for information asymmetry had 100 firms–years observations for the period 2011 to 2012. For the statistical analysis, we used regressions with robust standard errors with POLS approach and Fixed Effects, applied to panel data. In addition to the analysis of the effect of hedge accounting on the disclosure and information asymmetry, we applied the method of propensity score matching. The evidence for the influence of hedge accounting on the relevance of accounting information showed a positive and significant relationship in the interaction with earnings. In the informativeness of accounting earnings analysis, the research showed a negative and statistically significant relationship between earnings when interacted and the hedge accounting dummy variable. As for the evidence found for the influence of hedge accounting on the disclosure of derivatives, there was a positive and statistically significant relationship between the hedge accounting dummy and the disclosure indicator of derivatives. Regarding evidence for information asymmetry, although the coefficients showed the expected effect, they were not statistically significant. Additionally, we incorporated, to the econometric analyzes, a descriptive analysis, in the overall sample, of the use of hedge accounting in Brazil for 2013. Among the 150 companies in the sample, 49 companies used hedge accounting, where 41 companies adopt only one type hedge. The cash flow hedge is the type of hedge more adopted by companies, being used by 42 companies.

Submitted by Maykon Nascimento (maykon.albani@hotmail.com) on 2015-08-17T20:06:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Fenomeno da governanca corporativa um estudo de caso em uma pequena empresa familiar capixaba.pdf: 1170142 bytes, checksum: d42a52a83955db32d7a0e37293592873 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Barros (patricia.barros@ufes.br) on 2015-08-19T13:23:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Fenomeno da governanca corporativa um estudo de caso em uma pequena empresa familiar capixaba.pdf: 1170142 bytes, checksum: d42a52a83955db32d7a0e37293592873 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-19T13:23:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Fenomeno da governanca corporativa um estudo de caso em uma pequena empresa familiar capixaba.pdf: 1170142 bytes, checksum: d42a52a83955db32d7a0e37293592873 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Este estudo tem como objetivo compreender a forma com que os mecanismos de governança corporativa interferem na gestão de uma pequena empresa familiar. Para isso, adotaram-se a perspectiva de Hart (1995), que discorre sobre governança corporativa, e de Leone (2005) para empresas familiares. Para alcançar este objetivo, adotou-se, em relação à condução da pesquisa, uma abordagem qualitativa, por meio do método do estudo de caso. A triangulação de dados foi utilizada como instrumento de coleta de dados por meio de pesquisa documental, observação assistemática e entrevista semiestruturada, e a análise de dados foi realizada através da análise de conteúdo. Como contribuição teórica, este estudo amplia o Modelo de Quatro Círculos com Contexto e Sistema de Valores com a introdução de proprietários formais e informais, gerando o Modelo de Cinco Círculos. A presença da governança corporativa foi identificada através dos fatores de diferenciação e da implantação de onze mecanismos de governança que gerou mudanças no controle da empresa, no processo sucessório, na profissionalização e na captação de recursos. Os mecanismos encontrados foram denominados como: “empresa controladora”; “respeito fraternal”; “projetos pessoais”; “pró-labore dos gestores familiares”; “ausência de remuneração dos familiares não gestores”; “aconselhamento profissional”; “prestação de contas”; “proteção do empreendimento familiar”; “alinhamento de interesses na gestão”; “atribuições e responsabilidades”; e “atenção aos interesses dos stakeholders”. Tais mecanismos não possuem ordem cronológica, pois o respeito fraternal e projetos pessoas já existiam antes da criação da empresa familiar. Quanto ao controle, destaca-se o mecanismo prestação de contas, que possibilitou uma ligação entre a família e a empresa; permitiu clareza, transparência, igualdade entre todos os irmãos, diminuindo a assimetria informacional; facilitou uma comunicação aberta e honesta entre todos os proprietários, transmitindo uma sensação de segurança e previsibilidade; e contribuiu para eliminar e/ou minimizar conflitos entre os proprietários (formais e informais). Quanto à sucessão, os mecanismos proteção do empreendimento familiar, aconselhamento profissional, respeito fraternal estão possibilitando planejar o processo sucessório da empresa; facilitaram a comunicação entre os familiares, e assim, diminuiu a assimetria informacional; e realizaram a manutenção e administração dos bens mobiliários da família empresária. Quanto à profissionalização, os mecanismos proteção do empreendimento familiar e respeito fraternal viabilizaram a participação de todos para decidir sobre a profissionalização da empresa. Com relação à captação de recursos, os mecanismos atribuições e responsabilidades e atenção aos interesses dos stakeholders possibilitaram a empresa, durante todo seu ciclo de vida, a buscar recursos financeiros sem dificuldade, gerando um maior investimento, crescimento e geração de empregos / This study aims to understand how corporate governance mechanisms interfere in running a small family business. For this, it was adopted Hart’s perspective (1995), which discusses corporate governance, and Leone’s (2005) for family businesses. To achieve this goal it was adopted, in relation to the conduct of research, a qualitative approach through the case study method. The triangulation was used as data collection instrument by means of desk research, systematic observation and semi-structured interviews. The data analysis was performed through content analysis. As theoretical contribution, this study extends the Model Four Circles through the Context and Values System with the introduction of formal and informal owners, generating the Model of Five Circles. The presence of corporate governance was identified through the differentiation and the establishment of eleven governance mechanisms factors that led to changes in the control of the company in the succession process, professionalization and fund-raising. The found mechanisms were designated as: “holding company”; “fraternal respect”; “personal projects”; “management fees of family managers”; “absence of remuneration of non-family managers”; “professional advice”; “accountability”; “protection of the family business”; “alignment of interests in the management”; “duties and responsibilities”; and “attention to the interests of stakeholders”. Such mechanisms have no chronological order, since the fraternal respect and personal projects existed before the creation of the family business. As for control there is the accountability mechanism which enabled a link between the family and the enterprise; it allowed clarity, transparency, equality of all the brothers, reducing the information asymmetry; it facilitated an open and honest communication between all owners, conveying a sense of security and predictability; it helped to eliminate and/or minimize conflicts between the owners (formal and informal). As for the succession, the mechanisms of protection the family business, the professional advice and the fraternal respect are enabling the planning of the succession process in the company; facilitated communication among family members, reduced the information asymmetry; carried out the maintenance and administration of movable properties of the business family. As for the professional training, the mechanisms protecting the business family and fraternal respect enabled the participation of all members to decide on the professionalization of the company. Regarding fund-raising, the duties and responsibilities mechanisms and attention to the interests of stakeholders allowed the company throughout its life cycle to seek financial resources without difficulty, generating higher investment, growth and job creation

Submitted by Maykon Nascimento (maykon.albani@hotmail.com) on 2015-08-19T21:09:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Efeitos do comite de auditoria e do conselho fiscal na qualidade da informação contabil no Brasil.pdf: 2751236 bytes, checksum: 87a7462a86a967910814aa79b4ca8445 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Barros (patricia.barros@ufes.br) on 2015-08-20T16:22:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Efeitos do comite de auditoria e do conselho fiscal na qualidade da informação contabil no Brasil.pdf: 2751236 bytes, checksum: 87a7462a86a967910814aa79b4ca8445 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-20T16:22:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Efeitos do comite de auditoria e do conselho fiscal na qualidade da informação contabil no Brasil.pdf: 2751236 bytes, checksum: 87a7462a86a967910814aa79b4ca8445 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Esta dissertação foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de investigar os efeitos da instalação e das características do Conselho Fiscal e do Comitê de Auditoria sobre a qualidade das informações contábeis no Brasil. As características estudadas foram à independência e a qualificação dos membros. As proxies da qualidade da informação contábil foram relevância, tempestividade e conservadorismo condicional. A amostra utilizada foi composta por empresas brasileiras, listadas na Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de São Paulo (BM&FBovespa), com liquidez anual superior a 0,001, no período de 2010 a 2013. Os dados foram coletados na base de dados Comdinheiro e nos Formulários de Referência das empresas, disponíveis no sítio eletrônico da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM) ou BM&FBovespa. Os modelos de qualidade da informação foram adaptados ao recorte metodológico e estimados pelo método dos mínimos quadrados ordinários (MQO), com erros-padrão robustos clusterizados por firma. Os resultados revelaram efeitos da instalação dos órgãos analisados sobre as proxies de qualidade da informação contábil. A instalação do Conselho Fiscal impactou positivamente a relevância do patrimônio líquido, enquanto a instalação do Comitê de Auditoria, a relevância do lucro. Esses resultados podem indicar diferenças no direcionamento da atenção desses órgãos: em proteger o patrimônio da entidade para os acionistas (Conselho Fiscal) ou em assegurar números mais confiáveis sobre o desempenho dos administradores (Comitê de Auditoria). Paralelamente, os resultados para a instalação do Conselho Fiscal de forma permanente inferiu força desse órgão como mecanismo de controle, ao invés da instalação somente a pedido dos acionistas. Já, a implementação do Conselho Fiscal Turbinado se mostrou ineficiente no controle da qualidade das informações contábeis. Na análise das características, a independência dos membros do Comitê de Auditoria impactou a relevância do lucro. Ao passo que a independência do Conselho Fiscal impactou a relevância do patrimônio líquido e o conservadorismo condicional (reconhecimento oportuno de perdas econômicas). Essas associações foram mais significantes quando os membros do Conselho Fiscal eram independentes dos acionistas controladores. Na análise da qualificação dos membros, foram encontradas evidências positivas na relação entre a relevância do patrimônio líquido e a maior proporção de membros do Conselho Fiscal com qualificação em Business (Contabilidade, Administração e Economia). O conservadorismo condicional foi maior na medida em que a qualificação dos membros do Conselho Fiscal convergia para a Contabilidade. Os resultados da qualificação dos membros do Comitê de Auditoria demonstraram relevância do lucro na presença de, ao menos, um Contador e na maior proporção de membros com qualificação tanto em Contabilidade como em Business; sendo mais significante conforme a qualificação dos membros do Comitê de Auditoria convergia para a Contabilidade. / This dissertation was developed in order to investigate the installation and characteristics effects of the Fiscal Council and the Audit Committee on the quality of accounting information in Brazil. The characteristics studied were independence and qualification of members. The proxies for accounting information quality were value relevance, timeliness and conditional conservatism. The sample was composed by Brazilian companies listed on the Securities, Commodities, and Futures Exchange (BM&FBovespa), with annual liquidity over 0,001 in the period of years 2010 to 2013. The data were collected from Comdinheiro database and Reference Forms, available on the website of the CVM or BM&FBovespa. The information models were adapted to the methodological approach and estimated by the method of ordinary least squares (OLS) with robust standard errors clustered by firm. The results revealed the purpose of installation of the institutions analyzed on the proxies of accounting information quality. The installation of the Fiscal Council positively impacted the relevance of net equity, while the installation of the Audit Committee impacted the relevance of earnings. These results may indicate differences in the attention of these institutions: to protect the organization’s equity for shareholders (Fiscal Council) or to ensure more trusted numbers on the managers’ performance (Audit Committee). In parallel, the results for the installation of Permanent Fiscal Council has inferred strength of this institution as control mechanism, rather than the installer only at the request of the shareholders. However, the implementation of Powered Fiscal Council was inefficient in controlling of the accounting information quality. In the characteristics analysis, the Audit Committee members’ independence impacted the relevance of earnings. While the Fiscal Council members’ independence impacted the relevance of net equity and impacted the conditional conservatism (timely recognition of economic losses). These associations were more significant when the Fiscal Council members were independent of the controlling shareholders. In the members’ qualification analysis, were found positive evidences between the relevance of net equity and a higher proportion of Council Fiscal members with qualification in Business (Accounting, Administration and Economy). The conditional conservatism was higher when the Fiscal Council members’ qualification converged to Accounting. The results of the Audit Committee members’ qualification demonstrated relevance of earnings in the presence of at least one Accountant, and at higher proportion of members with qualification in both Accounting and Business; being more significant when the Audit Committee members’ qualification converged to Accounting

Submitted by Maykon Nascimento (maykon.albani@hotmail.com) on 2015-08-20T18:45:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Ciclo de vida empresarial e qualidade da informacao contabil das companhias abertas brasileiras.pdf: 1908131 bytes, checksum: 31fe57f3d0d2f5e1498f2165ba9a1f1c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Barros (patricia.barros@ufes.br) on 2015-08-21T14:20:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Ciclo de vida empresarial e qualidade da informacao contabil das companhias abertas brasileiras.pdf: 1908131 bytes, checksum: 31fe57f3d0d2f5e1498f2165ba9a1f1c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-21T14:20:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Ciclo de vida empresarial e qualidade da informacao contabil das companhias abertas brasileiras.pdf: 1908131 bytes, checksum: 31fe57f3d0d2f5e1498f2165ba9a1f1c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Esta dissertação busca identificar se os diferentes Estágios de Ciclo de Vida (ECVs) estão relacionados com a qualidade da informação contábil nas empresas brasileiras. Segundo pesquisas internacionais, os diferentes ECVs influenciam a qualidade da informação contábil. Aqui, foram empregadas as métricas de relevância, tempestividade e conservadorismo, de maneira semelhante às utilizadas por Lopes (2009) para verificar a qualidade da informação contábil. Para identificar os Estágios de Ciclo de Vida, foi utilizada a forma de identificação orgânica elaborada por Dickinson (2011), fundamentada nos sinais dos fluxos de caixa da empresa. A amostra deste trabalho é composta por empresas brasileiras que negociaram ações na BM&FBovespa, no período de 2008 à 2013, sendo excluídas as empresas do setor financeiro. O total de empresas que compõem a amostra é de 330, sendo 1.163 observações para o modelo de relevância, 1.163 para o modelo de tempestividade e 1.167 observações para o modelo de conservadorismo. Para verificar os efeitos dos ECVs na qualidade da informação contábil foram utilizados dados em painel desbalanceado e regressões robustas, com a correção de White, identificando os ECVs através de dummies. Os resultados encontrados indicam que os ECVs afetam a qualidade da informação contábil e que nos estágios de Crescimento e Maturidade as informações contábeis apresentam maior relevância e tempestividade. Não foi possível identificar os efeitos dos diferentes ECVs no conservadorismo, pois as variáveis de interesse não foram estatisticamente significantes. / This dissertation aims to identify whether the several life cycle stages (LCS) are related to the quality of accounting information in Brazilian companies. According to international research, those stages influence the quality of accounting information. The relevance, timing and conservatism metrics were apllied similar to the way used by Lopes (2009) to check the quality of accounting information. To identify the life cycle stages, it was used the organic identification elaborated by Dickinson (2011), wherein signals from the company cash flows are used to identify which lifecycle stage is the company in. The sample of this study consists in Brazilian publicly traded firms on the BM&FBovespa from 2008 to 2013. Although financial firms were excluded from the sample. The total amount of firms investigated was 330, summing up a total of 1,163 observations for the relevance model, 1,163 for the timing model and 1.167 observations for the conservatism model. In order to verify the effects of LCS in the quality of accounting information it was used an unbalanced panel data, robust regression with White correction, identifying LCS by means of dummies. The results indicate that the LCS affects the quality of accounting information and the stages of growth and maturity in the financial statements have greater relevance and timeliness. This study was not able to identify the effects of the stages LC in conservatism, since the variables of interest were not statistically significant.

Accounting information for decision making needs to be reliable, unless the information is audited, it cannot be regarded as reliable. Therefore, although extensive research in the area of accounting in general, and auditing in particular, has been conducted in the developed countries, similar investigations within developing countries have so far been relatively limited. Moreover, global financial crises, the most recent in 2007/8, have increased the pressures for better regulations with the aim of harmonising the auditing profession globally. This study therefore aims to help fill the gap in research and to provide recommendations to the governing body of the Libyan auditing profession, in order to address the difficulties faced by the profession, and advance and improve the quality of professional auditing practice. This study is predominantly positivist in essence, but, based on the nature of the problem and research questions, a mixed methods approach to gathering data from stakeholders in the auditing profession is adopted. A questionnaire (196 respondents), and a set of semi-structured interviews (nine participants), represent the quantitative and qualitative instruments of the study respectively. The research sample for both empirical exercises is comprised of individuals from five different groups representing the Libyan auditing profession stakeholders. This wide spread of participants is selected in order to generate valid, reliable, generalizable, and meaningful data, and conclusions. The overall conclusion drawn from the analysis is that the Libyan audit profession regulations are considered inadequate by the profession itself, since they fall short of meeting international standards, as supported by the fact that many foreign companies invest in Libya, and they insist on their auditing using ISAs as a guarantee of transparent and high quality auditing. The Libyan audit profession is unwilling to implement these international standards, and this weakness needs to be addressed. Furthermore, issues relating to licensing, accounting and auditing education, examination for entry to the profession, and Continuing Professional Development (CPD) must all be reviewed. In addition, a new regulatory framework, that involves government supervision, and the use of internationally-recognised standards in the performance of auditing duties, must be introduced. In terms of the most appropriate regulatory approach, the results indicated that the independent regulator model is preferred; and with respect to auditing standards, the study finds that the preferred approach is to harmonise all auditing standards used in Libya, and to adopt the ISAs with certain modifications that suit the Libyan context. Furthermore, the study sample identified six factors that impact positively on the adoption of the ISAs, and a further six factors that had negative influences. This research contributes to the body of literature by filling the gap regarding the Libyan auditing profession in general, and identifying factors that have an impact on the adoption of ISAs in particular. Recommendations are provided to the authority responsible for supervising the Libyan auditing profession that essentially require the upgrading of all professionals, and perseverance to ensure national and international development of the profession in particular, and to other countries with similar characteristics in general.

Submitted by Patricia Barros (patricia.barros@ufes.br) on 2017-04-03T12:54:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) tese_10493_Dissertação Estephanye Paganotti da Cunha (última versão).pdf: 1510497 bytes, checksum: d4029ffe4242bd9daedad477688d323e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Barros (patricia.barros@ufes.br) on 2017-04-10T15:13:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) tese_10493_Dissertação Estephanye Paganotti da Cunha (última versão).pdf: 1510497 bytes, checksum: d4029ffe4242bd9daedad477688d323e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-10T15:13:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) tese_10493_Dissertação Estephanye Paganotti da Cunha (última versão).pdf: 1510497 bytes, checksum: d4029ffe4242bd9daedad477688d323e (MD5) / Capes / O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar a relação entre gerenciamento de resultados mediante decisões operacionais e fatores de sustentabilidade corporativa das companhias não financeiras listadas na BM&FBOVESPA. A detecção de gerenciamento de resultados por decisões operacionais se dá por meio dos resíduos (erros) da regressão e representam um nível anormal das atividades reais da empresa, sendo, assim, uma proxy para essa forma de gerenciamento (PAULO, 2007). Em revisão da literatura nessa temática, constatou-se que existe uma lacuna na investigação sobre gerenciamento de resultados no contexto de sustentabilidade corporativa, haja vista que são poucos os estudos que abordam o tema e os resultados encontrados são divergentes. Assim, para a realização deste estudo, utilizou-se uma amostra totalizando 1445 observações no período de 2005 a 2015, coletadas por meio do sistema Comdinheiro. Para a operacionalização da pesquisa, fez uso da análise de regressão pelo modelo Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (POLS) em painel, com erros-padrão robustos clusterizados pelo setor e ano. Os resultados obtidos, sugerem não existir relação entre a prática de gerenciamento de resultados mediante decisões operacionais e o ingresso de companhias na carteira ISE, entretanto, entre as variáveis referentes a fatores de sustentabilidade corporativa, foi verificado relação positiva nos três modelos de manipulações operacionais utilizados entre a evidenciação de fatores de sustentabilidade corporativa com base na GRI e gerenciamento de resultados mediante decisões operacionais. Conclui-se que, a entrada de companhias na carteira ISE não as influencia em manipularem seus resultados operacionais, e esse achado corrobora ao estudo de Silva (2014). Entretanto, os dados indicam que as companhias utilizam a sustentabilidade corporativa a fim de praticarem gerenciamento de resultados mediante decisões operacionais, assim como identifica-se nas pesquisas de Prior, Surroca e Tribó (2008); Salewski e Zülch (2014); Heltzer (2011) e Beuren e Rodrigues Junior (2014). / The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the relationship between earnings management through operational decisions and factors of corporate sustainability of non-financial companies listed on BM&FBOVESPA. The detection of earnings management for operational decisions is by means of the waste (errors) of the regression and represent an abnormal level of real activities of the company, so they are a proxy for this form of management (Paulo, 2007). In a review of the literature on this theme, it was found that there is a gap in research on earnings management in the context of Corporate Sustainability, given that there are few studies that address the theme and the results are divergent. Thus, in this study, we used a sample totaling 1445 observations in the period from 2005 to 2015, collected by system Comdinheiro. For the operationalization of the research, made use of the regression analysis by the model Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (POLS) panel, with standard errors robust cluster by sector and year. The results obtained, suggest there is no relationship between the practice of earnings management through operational decisions and the entry of companies in the ISE portfolio analysis, however, between the variables related to factors of corporate sustainability, it was verified positive relationship in the three models of operational manipulations used between the disclosure of corporate sustainability based on the GRI and results management through operational decisions. It is concluded that the entry of companies in the ISE portfolio does the influences in manipulate their operating results, and this finding corroborates the study by Silva (2014). However, the data indicate that the companies use corporate sustainability in order to practice earnings management through operational decisions, as well as identifies himself in the research of Prior, Port and Tribó (2008); Salewski and Zülch (2014); Heltzer (2011) and Beuren and Rodrigues Junior (2014). / The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the relationship between earnings management through operational decisions and factors of corporate sustainability of non-financial companies listed on BM&FBOVESPA. The detection of earnings management for operational decisions is by means of the waste (errors) of the regression and represent an abnormal level of real activities of the company, so they are a proxy for this form of management (Paulo, 2007). In a review of the literature on this theme, it was found that there is a gap in research on earnings management in the context of Corporate Sustainability, given that there are few studies that address the theme and the results are divergent. Thus, in this study, we used a sample totaling 1445 observations in the period from 2005 to 2015, collected by system Comdinheiro. For the operationalization of the research, made use of the regression analysis by the model Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (POLS) panel, with standard errors robust cluster by sector and year. The results obtained, suggest there is no relationship between the practice of earnings management through operational decisions and the entry of companies in the ISE portfolio analysis, however, between the variables related to factors of corporate sustainability, it was verified positive relationship in the three models of operational manipulations used between the disclosure of corporate sustainability based on the GRI and results management through operational decisions. It is concluded that the entry of companies in the ISE portfolio does the influences in manipulate their operating results, and this finding corroborates the study by Silva (2014). However, the data indicate that the companies use corporate sustainability in order to practice earnings management through operational decisions, as well as identifies himself in the research of Prior, Port and Tribó (2008); Salewski and Zülch (2014); Heltzer (2011) and Beuren and Rodrigues Junior (2014)

Submitted by Elizabete Silva (elizabete.silva@ufes.br) on 2015-08-20T19:32:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) PRESENÇA FAMILIAR COMO MECANISMO DE GOVERNANÇA.pdf: 653130 bytes, checksum: 30dab81d1d1cb74bb5ca45b0fbd1d6d3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Morgana Andrade (morgana.andrade@ufes.br) on 2016-01-07T13:20:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) PRESENÇA FAMILIAR COMO MECANISMO DE GOVERNANÇA.pdf: 653130 bytes, checksum: 30dab81d1d1cb74bb5ca45b0fbd1d6d3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-07T13:20:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) PRESENÇA FAMILIAR COMO MECANISMO DE GOVERNANÇA.pdf: 653130 bytes, checksum: 30dab81d1d1cb74bb5ca45b0fbd1d6d3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / A presença familiar pode ser considerada um mecanismo de governança corporativa, uma vez que exerce o monitoramento dos gestores, reduz a assimetria informacional e também contribui para que as informações contábeis sejam de melhor qualidade para as empresas e seus usuários (WANG, 2006). Portanto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal avaliar o efeito da presença familiar na qualidade da informação contábil das empresas brasileiras de capital aberto, com ações listadas no segmento tradicional da BM&FBOVESPA, isolando assim, o efeito de outras características de governança presentes nos demais segmentos. A análise do efeito da presença familiar foi considerada nos aspectos de propriedade, controle, gestão e conselho de administração. Foram abordadas quatro características: informatividade, relevância, tempestividade e conservadorismo, através da aplicação do modelo da informatividade dos lucros de Easton e Harris (1991), modelo de value relevance de Ohlson (1995), tempestividade conforme apresentado por Lopes (2009) e conservadorismo de acordo com Basu (1997). A amostra compreende as empresas listadas no segmento tradicional da BM&FBOVESPA no período de 2010 a 2013. Os resultados indicam que a propriedade familiar impacta negativamente na relevância da informação contábil e na informatividade do lucro. As empresas que possuem membros da família no conselho de administração ou no cargo de CEO apresentaram menor relevância do lucro e maior relevância do patrimônio líquido. A presença do fundador no cargo de CEO favoreceu à relevância do lucro contábil. Em relação a influência da presença familiar na tempestividade, verificou-se que a persistência dos lucros pode ser prejudicada com a presença familiar no controle e na presidência do conselho. Em contrapartida, a participação familiar na propriedade contribui para a persistência dos lucros, enquanto que a presença de membros da família no conselho de administração, assim como do fundador, colabora para que o mercado reconheça oportunamente os lucros. A presença de um familiar, que não seja o fundador, no cargo de CEO, impacta negativamente no reconhecimento da contemporaneidade dos lucros pelo mercado. No que tange ao conservadorismo condicional, nota-se que a participação familiar no controle contribui positivamente para que a empresa adote posturas conservadoras enquanto que a presença familiar na propriedade e no conselho de administração, impactam negativamente. Verificou-se também, que as empresas controladas pela família fundadora são menos conservadoras. / A familiar presence can be considered a corporate governance mechanism, since it exercises the monitoring of managers, reduces information asymmetry and also contributes to the financial statements are of better quality for businesses and users (Wang, 2006). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of family presence on the quality of accounting information of Brazilian companies listed in the traditional segment of the BM&FBOVESPA, isolating the effect of other governance features present in other segments. The analysis of the effect of family presence considered aspects of ownership, control, management and board of directors. Four characteristics were addressed: informativeness, relevance, timeliness and conservatism, applying the model of the profits of Easton and Harris (1991) for informativeness, the value relevance model of Ohlson (1995), timiliness as shown by Lopes (2009) and conservatism according to Basu (1997). The sample comprises companies listed in the traditional segment of the BM & FBOVESPA in the period from 2010 to 2013. The results indicate that family property impacts negatively in the relevance of accounting information and earnings informativeness. Companies that have family members on the board or as CEO showed less relevant profit and greater relevance of equity. The founder of presence as CEO favored the relevance of the accounting profit. Regarding the influence of family presence in timing, it was found that the persistence of profits may suffer with the familiar presence in control and as president of the council. In contrast, family participation in the property contributes to the persistence of the profits, while the presence of family members on the board, as well as the founder, collaborates for the market in due course recognize profits. The presence of a family member, other than the founder as CEO, negatively impacts the recognition of contemporary time earnings by the market. Regarding the conditional conservatism, it notes that the family participation in control contributes positively to the company to adopt conservative positions while the familiar presence on the property and on the board, impacting negatively. It was also found that the companies controlled by the founding family are less conservative.

Submitted by Maykon Nascimento (maykon.albani@hotmail.com) on 2016-05-12T18:18:58Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertacao Luiz Henrique Vargas.pdf: 611443 bytes, checksum: d68288aa0a1d0f9bbf960b13ccc56d8a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Barros (patricia.barros@ufes.br) on 2016-07-01T13:57:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertacao Luiz Henrique Vargas.pdf: 611443 bytes, checksum: d68288aa0a1d0f9bbf960b13ccc56d8a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-01T13:57:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Dissertacao Luiz Henrique Vargas.pdf: 611443 bytes, checksum: d68288aa0a1d0f9bbf960b13ccc56d8a (MD5) / Este estudo tem por objetivo verificar quais as características e determinantes do ativismo de acionistas nas empresas brasileiras de capital aberto. Por ativismo de acionistas entende-se a tentativa da parte dos acionistas de provocarem alterações na empresa sem uma mudança em sua estrutura de controle, como definem Gillan e Starks (2007). A amostra é composta por 322 empresas para o ano de 2010 e 347 empresas para 2012. Foram analisadas, junto a essas empresas, as atas de assembleias ordinárias, notícias que relataram alguma forma de ativismo e processos abertos junto à Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM). Para o alcance do objetivo, formulou-se um índice composto por sete questões buscando-se evidenciar o ativismo de acionista na amostra do estudo, além da aplicação de regressão logística e regressão linear múltipla. Como resultados principais observou-se a ocorrência de ativismo de acionistas nas atas por meio de propostas apresentadas previamente e durante a assembleia, votos contrários e rejeição às propostas apresentadas, assim como a busca por representação nos conselhos de administração e fiscal, com eleição de membros efetivos por acionistas minoritários para suas composições. Verificou-se evidências de ativismo de acionistas em notícias no período da amostra, com destaque para os eventos de incorporação e operações de fechamento de capital. Pelo interesse que esses eventos despertaram na mídia, observou-se a ocorrência de republicações das notícias com aumento no quantitativo de um período a outro. Quanto aos processos abertos junto à CVM, evidenciou-se redução no quantitativo do ano de 2010 para o ano de 2012, embora tenha ocorrido aumento nos processos relativos a “Medidas adotadas por controlador e/ou administrador da companhia”. O Índice de Ativismo de Acionistas apresentou pontuação máxima para cinco das sete questões, para apenas duas das empresas nos períodos da amostra. As chances de uma empresa ser alvo de ativismo são afetadas negativamente pelo retorno sobre patrimônio líquido e concentração de propriedade e positivamente pelo tamanho da empresa, tamanho do conselho de administração, quantidade de propostas da administração na ordem do dia da assembleia e quantidade de acionistas, tanto pessoas físicas quanto jurídicas. No entanto, com a utilização da variável quantidade de acionistas pessoas jurídicas, observa-se a não significância estatística para o modelo referente às reclamações abertas junto à CVM. Para as empresas alvo de ativismo evidenciou-se através de regressão linear múltipla que a intensidade do ativismo medido pelo índice é afetada negativamente pelo endividamento, e positivamente pelo tamanho da empresa e quantidade de acionistas pessoas físicas. Desta forma, este estudo contribui para a literatura sobre ativismo de acionistas no mercado acionário brasileiro ao evidenciar sua ocorrência pela utilização de metodologia diferente da frequentemente aplicada a estudos internacionais anteriores, com a utilização de três frentes de análise: atas, notícias e processos abertos junto à CVM. Esta gama de informações permite a verificação desse fenômeno frequentemente analisado em estudos internacionais, porém com escassas pesquisas no mercado acionário brasileiro. / This study aims at verifying the characteristics and determinants of shareholder activism in public Brazilian companies. Shareholder activism means the attempt of shareholders to cause alterations in the company, without changing its control structure, as defined by Gillan e Starks (2007). The sample is made up of 322 companies for the year 2010 and 347 companies for 2012. The study analyzed minutes of the ordinary meetings, media news on activism, and complaints at the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM). In order to achieve our goals and show shareholder activism in the sample, an index made up of seven questions was employed, as well as logistic regression and multiple linear regression. The results show the existence of shareholder activism expressed in the minutes through proposals made before and during the meetings, opposing votes and refusal of proposals presented, as well as search for representation in board of directors and audit committee through the election effective members by minority shareholders. Evidence of shareholder activism was verified in news of that period, mainly incorporation events and capital closing operations. Because of the interest these events aroused in the media, the news about them were republished, which led to an increase in the figures from one year to another. As far as the proceedings filed at the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission are concerned, there was a decrease from 2010 to 2012, even though there was an increase in proceedings concerning “measures adopted by company’s administrator and/or controller". The Shareholder Activism Index showed the highest score for five of the seven questions for only two of the sample companies in the study period. The chances of a company to target of activism are negatively affected by return on equity and ownership concentration, and positively by firm size, board size , number of proposals during meetings and quantity of shareholders; both individuals and corporations. However, when using the variable “number of individual shareholders”, no statistical significance was found for the model referring to complaints filed at CVM. For companies that had been target of activism, multiple linear regression and activism measured by the index showed that the company is negatively affected by leverage, and positively affected by firm size and quantity of individual shareholders. Therefore, this study is a contribution the literature on shareholder activism in the Brazilian stock market by showing the existence of the former through methodology different from what had been used in international studies, i.e. analyzing three aspects: meeting minutes, media news, and complaints filed at Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission. This variety of information allows verifying this phenomenon that is frequently analyzed in international studies, but scarcely investigated in the Brazilian market.

This is a case study on PIFRA (Project to Improve Financial Reporting and Auditing) in the public sector of Pakistan. It investigates the process of implementation of New Accounting Model (NAM) and SAP as a reform imitative to overhaul the century old archaic financial management system. This study has three dimensions: implementation of SAP as an integrated system for budgeting and accounting offices at all levels of Government; introduction of modified cash basis of accounting; and the World Bank as a meaningful force for change. New institutional sociology (NIS) and institutional logic have been employed to analyse the process of change at macro as well as micro level. The concepts of isomorphisms in general and cognitive-cultural in particular, legitimacy, decoupling, and agency have been used to understand and assess the extent of institutionalization. The analysis has been divided into three areas: SAP implementation, organizational change, and training. In SAP implementation, separation of audit and accounts, duality of control and role of the World Bank have been analysed to comprehend the issues and their implications for institutionalization. In organizational change, change management as a component of the project, role of the PricewaterhouseCoopers as an architect of NAM and as a supervisory consultant, technical staffing, core team and resistance have been evaluated through NIS. In training, multiple perspectives of training and its distinct relation with institutionalization have been investigated. It is a qualitative study with interpretive approach. Data has been collected through semi-structured interviews, project documents and reports generated by the World Bank and the project management team. The thesis seeks to contribute in terms of its three dimensions and the use of NIS and institutional logic to have a broader picture of the change. Moreover, the identification of training as a driving factor in institutionalization and the role of accountants in post-SAP implementation scenarios also make a contribution to the accounting literature. Contributions towards policy and practice have been made in terms of advice for the World Bank, Government and practitioners when undertaking such projects in future.

Despite much publicity given to the criticisms relating to product cost measurement and the prevailing costing systems since the mid-1980s, there was a scarcity in surveys relating to this area. In the 1990s, studies on management accounting practices and product-costing, focusing on the Activity-Based Costing (ABC) increased, but mainly in Europe and the US. Therefore this research is undertaken in Malaysia, to study the product-cost system design from a broader perspective, and investigate the criticisms. The over-riding objective is to explore the influence of explanatory variables on the design of product costing systems, using the contingency theory framework explicitly, one of the major contributions for this study. Other objectives include examining the extent to which different cost information is used for different purposes; sophistication level of productcost system maintained; prevalence of financial accounting mentality; treatment of non-manufacturing costs in manufacturing companies; extent of ABC usage; nature, content and role of profitability analysis. A postal questionnaire survey was conducted giving a response rate of 27%. Concrete evidence on the prevalence of financial accounting mentality is not available as the overall findings indicated mixed responses. Investigation revealed that 51% of the firms use unsophisticated, 42% maintain low sophistication level and 7% maintain sophisticated systems. Only 6.5% of the firms adopted ABC. Nevertheless the respondents were satisfied and perceived their costing systems to be accurately assigning costs to products/services. Although periodic profitability analysis is considered to be important for decisionmaking, the content of it is questionable as a large number of firms use full costs with arbitrary allocation bases or inappropriate cost drivers. Only the variables 'size' (significant) and 'competitive environment' (weak significant) influence sophistication levels maintained. Finally the limitations of this study that may affect the possibility of generalising the findings are acknowledged and suggestions for areas of future research highlighted.