The climate impact of the construction sector, due to energy and material usage, constitutes the largest global climate burden. In Sweden, the construction sector accounts for 40% of the total energy consumption and 18% of greenhouse gas emissions. The country aims for net-zero emissions by 2045. Despite efficient new buildings, total energy usage in the sector is increasing. Enhancing energy efficiency in existing buildings is vital to reduce its climate impact. Prioritizing renovation of existing structures, instead of building new construction, is an effective strategy. This study aims to evaluate energy savings and climate impact of diverse renovation measures on 70s villas. The goal is to identify the renovation measure with highest energy savings relative to their climate impact throughout various stages of its lifecycle, productstage, transportation and construction process stage. Calculations were done using VIP-Energy and Byggsektorns miljöberäkningsverktyg. The study's calculations are based on a 1970s detached house in Ängelholm, used as a case study with an assumed remaining lifespan of 50 years. When calculating energy savings, the total savings over 50 years were included. Regarding climate impact, the analysis period implies the number of times a measure needs to be carried out during that time. The frequency depends on the technical lifespan of the renovation measure. Renovation measures included extra insulation for walls, upper level floor, crawl spaces, window replacement and installation of an exhaust air heat pump. Three insulation materials researched were: mineral wool, wood fiber and cellulose. Results for all measures were presented in terms of saved kilowatt hours per kilogram of CO2 equivalent emissions. The results show that upper-level insulation provides the most energy savings per kilogram of CO2 emissions, regardless of choice of insulation material. This is due to its longer technical lifespan, reducing overall climate impact. Installation of an exhaust air heat pump showed significant energy savings thanks to its ability to use recycled exhaust air for water heating. The results for window measures show how the choice of window frame material is directly linked to the extent of climate impact during window replacement.

I detta kandidatarbete undersöker jag hur ett tidstypiskt seriehus från 1970-talet kan transformeras, genom renovering, till att inneha fler arkitektoniska kvaliteter samt en tidlös karaktär. Min mening är att kombinationen går att uppnå genom återskapande av arkitektoniska karaktärsdrag från 70-talet tillsammans med samtida lösningar, material och rumsorganisationer.  För att genomföra min studie har jag utfört tre fallstudier där jag har utgått från ett huvudobjekt, seriehuset villa Åhus, samt två referensobjekt, villa Färlöv och villa Hässleholm, där de två sistnämnda är arkitektritade villor vilka jag anser har goda arkitektoniska kvaliteter. De tre villorna är alla från 1970-talet, villa Åhus och villa Färlöv ligger i Kristianstad kommun och villa Hässleholm ligger i grannkommunen, dessa parametrar har varit viktiga för mig då närliggande områden och samma tidsperiod gör att jämförelsen blir mer rättvis. För att studien inte ska vara subjektiv med enbart mina personliga åsikter om god arkitektur har jag valt att analysera de tre villorna med hjälp av en kvalitativ forskningsteori inom ämnet. Teorin utgår från sju egenskapsfält som beskriver omätbara arkitektoniska värden. Jag har även haft möjlighet att besöka alla villorna samt haft fotografier och bygglovshandlingar till mitt förfogande, vilket har varit en stor tillgång. En kvalitativ semistrukturerad intervju med en av ägarna av huvudobjektet har även genomförts och varit till stor hjälp då jag har fått en annan förståelse för bostaden, som till exempel de boendes upplevelse av bostaden med dess positiva och negativa aspekter.  Forskningsteorin tillsammans med analyserna av de tre fallstudierna används sedan för att diskutera fram olika gestaltningsförslag i gestaltningsprocessen för hur villa Åhus kan transformeras. Gestaltningsprocessen kommer mynna ut i ett förslag över hur villan hade kunnat gestaltas för att innehålla tydligare arkitektoniska kvaliteter samt förena bevarandet och återskapandet av vissa karaktärsdrag från 1970-talet tillsammans med mer samtida val vilket tar villan in i 2020-talet utan att förlora den ursprungliga karaktären för mycket, helt enkelt 70-talsvillan i ny tappning. / In this thesis, I investigate how a period-typical serial house from the 1970s can be transformed, through renovation, to possess more architectural qualities and timeless character. My opinion is that the combination can be obtained by recreating architectural features from the 1970s together with contemporary solutions, materials and spatial organization. In order to carry out my study, I have conducted three case studies where I have started from a main object, the serial house villa Åhus, as well as two reference objects, villa Färlöv and villa Hässleholm, where the two latter are architect-designed villas which I consider having good architectural qualities. The three villas are all from the 1970s, villa Åhus and villa Färlöv are located in Kristianstad municipality and villa Hässleholm is located in the neighboring municipality, these parameters have been important to me as nearby areas and the same time period make the comparison more just. For the study to not be subjective with only my personal opinions about good architecture, I have chosen to analyze the three villas using a qualitative research theory within the subject. The theory is based on seven characteristic fields that describe immeasurable architectural values. I have also had the opportunity to visit all the villas and have photographs and building permit documents at my disposal, which has been a great asset. A qualitative semi-structured interview with one of the owners of the main object has also been carried out and has been very helpful as I have gained a different understanding of the home, such as the residents' experience of the home with its positive and negative aspects. The research theory together with the analyzes of the three case studies is then used to discuss various design proposals in the design process for how villa Åhus can be transformed. The design process will culminate in a proposal for how the villa could be designed to incorporate more evident architectural qualities, and combine the preservation and recreation of certain character traits from the 1970s together with more contemporary choices, which will take the villa into the 2020s without losing the original character too much. Simply put, the villa in a new costume.