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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Measurement of the ttbb production cross-section with 8 TeV ATLAS data

Argyropoulos, Spyridon 13 April 2016 (has links)
Diese Dissertation beschreibt die Messung des Wirkungquerschnitts für die Produktion von ttbb in Protonkollisionen mit einer Schwerpunktsenergie von √s = 8 TeV. Der verwendete Datensatz entspricht einer integrierten Luminosität von 20.3/fb. Der Wirkungsquerschnitt wurde aus der Anzahl der Signalereignisse bestimmt, die durch harte Schnitte insbesondere auf genau 4 identifizierten b-jets, selektiert wurden, was zu einer hohen Reinheit des Signals führt. Bei der Messung wurden die präzisesten Kalibrierungen von der Jet-Energieskala und der b-jet Effizienz benutzt. Die Messung wurde in einem Referenzphasenraum durchgeführt, der daraufhin optimiert wurde, die Abhängigkeit von der Modellierung zu minimisieren. Der gemessene Wirkungsquerschnitt beträgt 18.9 ± 3.5 (stat)+5.6 (sys) ± 0.6 (Lumi) fb oder, nachdem der Beitrag von ttH(bb) und ttZ(bb) abgezogen wurde: 17.8 ± 3.5 (stat)+5.9 (sys) ± 0.6 (Lumi) fb. Das Ergebnis wurde mit einer Vielzahl von theoretischen Vorhersagen verglichen, einschließlich NLO-Berechnungen mit Partonschauern und einer Reihe von Modellen die sich in der Beschreibung der Gluon Spaltung unterscheiden. Es wurde gezeigt, dass das exstremste Model den Wirkungsquerschnitt überschätzt und dass die Messung die Vorhersagen bevorzugt, die mit einer niedrigen Renormierungs- und Faktorisierungsskala, berechnet wurden. / This thesis presents the measurement of the ttbb production cross-section, using a dataset of 20.3/fb of pp collisions collected with the ATLAS detector at 8 TeV. The measurement is based on a cut-and-count method, using a sample of events with exactly four b-tagged jets, which is shown to have a high purity in signal events. The measurement exploits the most precise jet energy scale and b-tagging calibrations and is performed in a fiducial phase space that is designed to minimize the model dependence of the measurement. The fiducial cross-section is measured to be 18.9 ± 3.5 (stat)+5.6 (sys) ± 0.6 (Lumi) fb or subtracting the contribution from ttH(bb) and ttZ(bb) final states, 17.8 ± 3.5 (stat)+5.9 (sys) ± 0.6 (Lumi) fb. The result is compared with a multitude of theoretical predictions, including different NLO calculations matched to a parton shower, which constitute the most precise predictions available to date, as well as with a series of models that differ in the description of the gluon splitting to b-quarks. It is shown that the most extreme gluon splitting model overestimates the observed rate of ttbb production and that the measurement favors calculations performed with renormalization/factorization scales which are softer than the scales usually employed in similar calculations.
2

Top pair production cross sections and differential cross sections in the semi-leptonic channel using the CMS detector at √s = 7 and 8 TeV

Symonds, Philip January 2015 (has links)
The top quark has been extensively studied since the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) began operating in 2010. The excellent performance of both the LHC and the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector has enabled complex analyses of many properties of the top quark. In this thesis inclusive and differential top pair (tt) production cross sections have been measured. Inclusive tt cross sections of 145.6 ± 8.2 (stat.) +38.1/28.3 (syst.) pb and 237.4 ± 1.9 (stat.) +20.4/-16.9 (syst.) pb were measured at 7 TeV and 8 TeV center-of-mass collision energies using luminosities of 1 fb⁻¹ and 19.7 fb⁻¹, respectively. These measurements were performed in the semi-leptonic channel by means of a maximum likelihood t of the lepton's pseudorapidity. The work in this thesis focuses specifically on the muon-plus-jets channel. The methods used for measuring the inclusive cross sections were built upon to measure differential cross sections with respect to event level observables. These observables include the missing transverse energy (Emiss T ) as well as some other kinematic distributions involving the jets, lepton and Emiss T in the decay. These results are unfolded to remove detector and selection effects and have uncertainties in the range of 3% to 15%. A low uncertainty is achieved by normalising the differential cross section using the total cross section. This leads to cancellations of some uncertainties. The results were compared with different Monte Carlo generators and with different input parameters. No significant deviations from predictions of the Standard Model were observed. This thesis also contains test beam results on CMS ECAL Endcap Lead Tungstate (PbWO4) crystals. These crystals had been damaged using various doses of proton irradiation. The damage for some crystals is expected to be roughly equivalent to 300 fb-1 of integrated luminosity at √s = 14 TeV. The energy resolution for these crystals was seen to reduce by close to a factor of 20.
3

Search for Gaugino Mediation Non-Universal Higgs Masses Model with Tau-Sneutrino NLSP withthe ATLAS Detector in Final States with Jets and Missing Transverse Momentum and 20.3 fb-1of sqrt(s) = 8 TeV Proton-Proton Collision Data

Mamužić, Judita 13 October 2016 (has links)
Supersymmetrie (SUSY) ist eine der am besten motivierten Erweiterungen des Standardmodells, und Suchen nach Hinweisen auf Supersymmetrie am LHC sind ein wichtiger Beitrag zum Verständnis von neuer Physik. Das Thema dieser Doktorarbeit ist die Analyse von zwei SUSY-Szenarien unter Verwendung von 20.3 fb−1 an ATLAS Daten, die bei einer Schwerpunktenergie von 8 TeV aufgezeichnet wurden. Den Hauptteil der Arbeit stellt eine Untersuchung des "Nicht-Universelle Higgs Massen Modells mit Gaugino Mediation" (NUHMG) mit Tau-Sneutrino als NLSP dar. Es wurde gezeigt, dass NUHMG unter Verwendung von Ereignissen ohne Leptonen, mit mehreren Jets, und fehlendem Transversalimpuls zu finden sein müsste. Eine neue Methode zur schnellen Optimierung unter Verwendung von multivariaten Methoden wurde entwickelt und in die Analyse eingebracht. Da kein signikanter Überschuss an Ereignissen in den untersuchten Daten beobachtet wurde, wurden experimentell ausgeschlossene Parameterbereiche des NUHMG-Modells bestimmt (bei einem Konfidenzniveau von 95 Prozent). Hierbei wurden Squark und Gluino Massen unterhalb von 1250 GeV bzw. 1400 GeV ausgeschlossen. Das zweite SUSY-Modell, das in dieser Doktorarbeit untersucht wird, ist das Nicht-Universelle Higgs Massen Modell (NUHM) mit Neutralino als LSP, welches innerhalb der Theorie der “Radiatively Driven Natural SUSY” (RNS) motiviert ist. Eine Datenanalyse mit einer statistischen Kombination von Ereignissen mit 2 bis 4 Leptonen wurde durchgeführt. Da kein signikanter Überschuss von Ereignissen beobachtet wurde, wurden ausgeschlossene Parameterbereiche des RNS-NUHM Modells bestimmt. Der größte Beitrag kommt hierbei von der Analyse mit 3 Leptonen, und es werden Werte von m1/2 / Supersymmetry (SUSY) is one of the best motivated extensions of the Standard Model. The subject of this thesis is the analysis of two SUSY scenarios using 20.3 fb-1 of ATLAS data at 8 TeV center of mass energy. The main topic is a study of the Non-Universal Higgs Masses model with Gaugino mediation and Tau-Sneutrino NLSP (NUHMG). A study showed that NUHMG can be found using Squark and Gluino production, using final states with zero leptons of transverse momenta higher than 10 GeV, multiple jets and missing transverse energy. A new method for fast optimisation using multivariate techniques was developed for the analysis with 2-6 jets and missing transverse momentum. No significant excess of data has been seen, and 95 percent CL exclusion limits have been set on the model, where Squark and Gluino masses are excluded up to 1250 and 1400 GeV respectively. Second SUSY model studied, is the Non-universal Higgs Masses model with Neutralino LSP (NUHM). It is well motivated in the framework of Radiatively Driven Natural Supersymmetry (RNS). A data analysis using a statistical combination of 2, 3 and 4 leptons has been performed. No significant excess of data has been observed, and 95 percent CL exclusion limits have been set. They reach up to 300 GeV in m1/2, and extend up to the highest tested value of μ = 500 GeV. In addition to physics analyses, a program developed for online monitoring of the ATLAS trigger, called Trigger Presenter (TriP), is described in this thesis.
4

Search for supersymmetry using a Higgs boson in the decay cascade with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider

David, Claire 02 May 2016 (has links)
The Standard Model of particle physics is a successful theory, yet it is incomplete. Supersymmetry is one of the favoured extensions of the Standard Model, elegantly addressing several unresolved issues. This thesis presents a search for the pair production of supersymmetric particles chargino one and neutralino two, where the neutralino two decays to the lightest neutralino and the 125 GeV Higgs boson. The final states considered for the search have large missing transverse momentum, an isolated lepton and two jets identified as originating from bottom quarks. The analysis is based on 20.3 inverse femtobarns of 8 TeV proton-proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. No excess over Standard Model predictions is observed. The analysis has been combined with three independent searches that probe other decay modes of the Standard Model Higgs boson. Limits are set at 95% confidence level in the context of a simplified supersymmetric model. Common masses of chargino one and neutralino two are excluded up to 250 GeV for a massless neutralino one. The analysis of this dissertation has been reinterpreted in the context of a large scan of the phenomenological Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, along with 22 other ATLAS Run 1 searches. The resulting summary paper represents the most comprehensive assessment of the ATLAS constraints on Supersymmetry models to date. / Graduate / 0798 / cdavid@uvic.ca
5

Recherche de quarks vectoriels produits par l'échange de gluons lourds dans le cadre de modèles de Higgs composite avec le détecteur ATLAS

Dallaire, Frédérick 04 1900 (has links)
No description available.
6

W boson measurement in the muonic decay channel at forward rapidity with ALICE / Mesure de la production du boson W dans le canal muonique à rapidité à l'avant avec ALICE

Zhu, Jianhui 01 April 2017 (has links)
La haute densité d’énergie atteinte au Large Hadron Collider (LHC) au CERN permet une production abondante de sondes dures, telles que quarkonia, jets à haute impulsion transverse (p<sub>T</sub>) et bosons vecteurs (W, Z), qui sont produits lors de la collision partonique initiale. Les bosons vecteur se désintègrent avant la formation du Plasma de Quark et de Gluons (PQG), une phase déconfinée de la matière, qui peut être produite lors de collisions d’ions lourds ultra-relativistes. Les leptons issus de la désintégration des bosons électrofaibles ne sont pas sensibles à l’interaction forte avec le PQG. Pour ces raisons les bosons électrofaibles fournissent une référence pour l’étude des modifications induites par le milieu sur les sondes colorées.La production de bosons W en collisions pp à √s=8 TeV et en collisions p-Pb à √s<sub>NN</sub>=5.02 TeV est mesurée dans le canal de désintégration muonique au LHC avec le détecteur ALICE. En collision pp, la gamme de rapidité couverte par la mesure est -4<y<sub>cms</sub><-2.5. En collision p-Pb, la différence d’énergie entre le proton et l’ ion plomb donne lieu à un décalage en rapidité. En inversant la direction des faisceaux, il est possible de couvrir les régions de rapidité -4.46<y<sub>cms</sub><-2.96 et 2.03<y<sub>cms</sub><3.53. Les résultats présentés dans cette thèse consistent dans la mesure de la section efficace de la production de muons avec pT>10GeV/c issus de la désintégration des bosons W+ et W-. La mesure de l’asymétrie de charge, définie comme la différence des taux de production des muons positifs et négatifs divisée par leur somme, est également effectuée. Les résultats sont comparés avec des calculs théoriques obtenus avec ou sans tenir compte des modifications des fonctions de distribution partonique dans les noyaux. La production du boson W est aussi étudiée en fonction de la centralité des collisions : nous observons que, dans les erreurs expérimentales, la section efficace des muons issus de la désintégration du boson W est proportionnelle aux nombre de collisions binaires entre les nucléons. / The high collision energies available at the LHC allow for an abundant production of hard probes, such as quarkonia, high-p<sub>T</sub> jets and vector bosons (W, Z), which are produced in initial hard parton scattering processes. The latter decay before the formation of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), which is a deconfined phase of QCD matter produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. Their leptonic decay products do not interact strongly with the QGP. Thus electroweak bosons introduce a way for benchmarking in-medium modifications to coloured probes. The production of W-boson in pp collisions at √s=8 TeV and p-Pb collisions at √s<sub>NN</sub>=5.02 TeV are measured via the muonic decay channel at the LHC with the ALICE detector. In pp collisions the rapidity covered by the measurement is -4<y<sub>cms</sub><-2.5. In p-Pb collisions, on the other hand, the different energies of the proton and lead ion give rise to a rapidity shift. By exchanging the direction of the beams, it is possible to cover the rapidity ranges -4.46<y<sub>cms</sub><-2.96 and 2.03<y<sub>cms</sub><3.53. The production cross section and charge asymmetry of muons from W-boson decays with p<sup>μ</sup>T>10 GeV/c are determined. The results are compared to theoretical calculations both with and without including the nPDFs. The W-boson production is also studied as a function of the collision centrality: the cross section of muons from W-boson decays is found to scale with the average number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions with uncertainties.

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