From the first integrated circuit which has 16-transistor chip built by Heiman and Steven Hofstein in 1962 to the latest 39.54 billion MOSFET’s using 7nm FinFET technology as of 2019 the scaling of transistors is still challenging. The scaling always needs to satisfy the minimal power constraint, minimal area constraint and high speed as possible. As of 2020, the worlds smallest transistor is 1nm long build by a team at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Looking at the latest trends of 14nm, 7nm technologies present where a single die holds more than a billion transistors on it. Thinking of it, it is more challenging for dyeing a 1nm technology. The scaling keeps going on and if silicon does not satisfy the requirement, they switch to carbon nanotubes and molybdenum disulfide or some newer materials. The transistor sizing is reducing but the pressure of radiation effects on transistor is in quench of more and more efficient circuits to tolerate errors. The radiation errors which are of higher voltage are capable of hitting a node and flipping its value. However, it is not possible to have a perfect material to satisfy no error requirement for a circuit. But it is possible to maintain the value before causing the error and retain the value even after occurrence of the error. In the advanced technologies due to transistor scaling multiple simultaneous radiation induced errors are the issue. Different latch designs are proposed to fix this problem. Using the CMOS 90nm technology different latch designs are proposed which will recover the value even after the error strikes the latch. Initially the errors are generally Single event upsets (SEUs) which when the high radiation particle strikes only one transistor. Since the era of scaling, the multiple simultaneous radiation errors are common. The general errors are Double Node Upset (DNU) which occurs when the high radiation particle strikes the two transistors due to replacing one transistor by more than one after scaling. Existing designs of SEUs and DNUs accurately determine the error rates in a circuit. However, with reference to the dissertation of Dr. Adam Watkins, proposed HRDNUT latch in the paper “Analysis and mitigation of multiple radiation induced errors in modern circuits”, the circuits can retain its error value in 2.13ps. Two circuits are introduced to increase the speed in retaining the error value after the high energy particle strikes the node. Upon the evaluation of the past designs how the error is introduced inside the circuit is not clear. Some designs used a pass gate to actually introduce the error logic value but not in terms of voltage. The current thesis introduces a method to introduce error with reduced power and delay overhead compared to the previous circuits. Introducing the error in the circuits from the literature survey and comparing the delay and power with and without introducing the error is shown. Introducing the errors in the two new circuits are also shown and compared with when no errors are injected.

Supersymmetrie (SUSY) ist eine der am besten motivierten Erweiterungen des Standardmodells, und Suchen nach Hinweisen auf Supersymmetrie am LHC sind ein wichtiger Beitrag zum Verständnis von neuer Physik. Das Thema dieser Doktorarbeit ist die Analyse von zwei SUSY-Szenarien unter Verwendung von 20.3 fb−1 an ATLAS Daten, die bei einer Schwerpunktenergie von 8 TeV aufgezeichnet wurden. Den Hauptteil der Arbeit stellt eine Untersuchung des "Nicht-Universelle Higgs Massen Modells mit Gaugino Mediation" (NUHMG) mit Tau-Sneutrino als NLSP dar. Es wurde gezeigt, dass NUHMG unter Verwendung von Ereignissen ohne Leptonen, mit mehreren Jets, und fehlendem Transversalimpuls zu finden sein müsste. Eine neue Methode zur schnellen Optimierung unter Verwendung von multivariaten Methoden wurde entwickelt und in die Analyse eingebracht. Da kein signikanter Überschuss an Ereignissen in den untersuchten Daten beobachtet wurde, wurden experimentell ausgeschlossene Parameterbereiche des NUHMG-Modells bestimmt (bei einem Konfidenzniveau von 95 Prozent). Hierbei wurden Squark und Gluino Massen unterhalb von 1250 GeV bzw. 1400 GeV ausgeschlossen. Das zweite SUSY-Modell, das in dieser Doktorarbeit untersucht wird, ist das Nicht-Universelle Higgs Massen Modell (NUHM) mit Neutralino als LSP, welches innerhalb der Theorie der “Radiatively Driven Natural SUSY” (RNS) motiviert ist. Eine Datenanalyse mit einer statistischen Kombination von Ereignissen mit 2 bis 4 Leptonen wurde durchgeführt. Da kein signikanter Überschuss von Ereignissen beobachtet wurde, wurden ausgeschlossene Parameterbereiche des RNS-NUHM Modells bestimmt. Der größte Beitrag kommt hierbei von der Analyse mit 3 Leptonen, und es werden Werte von m1/2 / Supersymmetry (SUSY) is one of the best motivated extensions of the Standard Model. The subject of this thesis is the analysis of two SUSY scenarios using 20.3 fb-1 of ATLAS data at 8 TeV center of mass energy. The main topic is a study of the Non-Universal Higgs Masses model with Gaugino mediation and Tau-Sneutrino NLSP (NUHMG). A study showed that NUHMG can be found using Squark and Gluino production, using final states with zero leptons of transverse momenta higher than 10 GeV, multiple jets and missing transverse energy. A new method for fast optimisation using multivariate techniques was developed for the analysis with 2-6 jets and missing transverse momentum. No significant excess of data has been seen, and 95 percent CL exclusion limits have been set on the model, where Squark and Gluino masses are excluded up to 1250 and 1400 GeV respectively. Second SUSY model studied, is the Non-universal Higgs Masses model with Neutralino LSP (NUHM). It is well motivated in the framework of Radiatively Driven Natural Supersymmetry (RNS). A data analysis using a statistical combination of 2, 3 and 4 leptons has been performed. No significant excess of data has been observed, and 95 percent CL exclusion limits have been set. They reach up to 300 GeV in m1/2, and extend up to the highest tested value of μ = 500 GeV. In addition to physics analyses, a program developed for online monitoring of the ATLAS trigger, called Trigger Presenter (TriP), is described in this thesis.

The thesis overviews a variety of approaches to understanding of dreams, covering the historical perspectives as well as the perspectives of modern psychologists and psychological schools. It presents information on quantitative analysis of dream content and possibilities of the use of statistical methods in dream research. It introduces the results of the research into the dream content in 100 Czech female psychology students, using the method developed by Hall and Van de Castle. The comparison of these results with a similar group of US female students revealed several differences: The Czech students reported slightly more Aggresion/Friendliness Percent, significantly more unknown environments and moderately more dreams containing aggression and efforts. Compliance with the American sample was shown mainly by percentages regarding the type of characters, negative emotions ratio and the percentage of physical aggression compared to non-physical. Correlation analysis applied to data revealed a moderate relationship between variables suggesting possible explanations of dream content. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The subject of this thesis is a characterisation of key motivic units in lyrical works of Jaroslav Vrchlický and Jiří Karásek ze Lvovic, thus it explores Czech parnassian and decadent poetry of the end of 19th century. It observes and traces literal, esthetical and thought shifts of both authors from the aspect of various motives usage. The thesis is divided into five chapters, each of them dealing with one specific motivic unit. The chapters are: 1. Motives of woman, body and sexuality. 2. Motives of dream, imaginary and escape. 3. Motives of dying, disease and decay. 4. Motives of depressiveness, grief, bitterness and vanity. 5. Motives of nature and landscape. Each chapter compares these motives, examines their usage by both authors and looks at how their form and expression undergo a process of certain changes. It also focuses on those motives that appear as completely new elements in their poetry. The conclusion provides with brief summaries of all chapters and a short look through frequency word dictionary of relevant volumes of poems.