論文(碩士)--香港中文大學研究院歷史學部,1979. / Reprint. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves i-xviii, 4th group). / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue yan jiu yuan Li shi xue bu. / 導論 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一章 --- 趙普與宋太宗朝之政爭及繼統紛爭 --- p.15 / Chapter 第一節 --- 金匱之盟於宋代傳述之意義 --- p.18 / Chapter 第二節 --- 趙普與「金匱之盟」考辦 --- p.35 / Chapter 第三節 --- 宋太宗與趙普復相前之關係　 --- p.66 / Chapter 第四節 --- 秦王廷美獄之分析　 --- p.74 / Chapter 第五節 --- 趙普二度罷相之分析　 --- p.83 / Chapter 第六節 --- 趙普與楚王元佐、許王元僖 --- p.94 / Chapter 第七節 --- 端拱復相與政爭 --- p.105 / Chapter 第八節 --- 小結 --- p.117 / 注釋 --- p.120 / Chapter 第二章 --- 趙普與宋太宗朝之中央集權　 --- p.172 / Chapter 第一節 --- 趙普與罷藩鎮領支郡 --- p.175 / Chapter 第二節 --- 趙普與宋初參加政事權力消長之關係 --- p.182 / Chapter 第三節 --- 審官院設立與趙普之關係　 --- p.193 / Chapter 第四節 --- 趙普與宋太宗朝臺諫之關係 --- p.207 / Chapter 第五節 --- 小結 --- p.228 / 注釋 --- p.231 / Chapter 第三章 --- 趙普與宋太宗朝之遼夏政策 --- p.246 / Chapter 第一節 --- 雍熙北伐前太宗與趙普對遼政策分歧之檢討 --- p.248 / Chapter 第二節 --- 趙普對遼政策及其得以實行之分析 --- p.258 / Chapter 第三節 --- 趙普之西夏政策述評 --- p.284 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.294 / 注釋 --- p.298 / Chapter 第四章 --- 蓋棺定論　 --- p.307 / Chapter 第一節 --- 趙普晚年之榮寵及其與宋太宗後期之關係 --- p.309 / Chapter 第二節 --- 趙普之死及對宋太宗之心理影响 --- p.318 / Chapter 第三節 --- 太宗朝趙普功過平議 --- p.328 / Chapter 第四節 --- 小結 --- p.358 / 注釋 --- p.360 / 結論 --- p.368 / Chapter 附錄： --- 《宋太宗箭疾重考》 / 徵引書目

The main purpose of this study was to investigate sixth, seventh, and eight gradeTurkish, English, Mathematics, Science and Technology, and Social Studies teachers&rsquo / conceptions of assessment. It was also aimed at finding out the differences, if any, in teachers&rsquo / conceptions of assessment according to their teaching subject, years of teaching experience, in-service training, and the undergraduate institution they graduated from. There were 414 teachers included in the study. Data were gathered through the short version of Teacher Conceptions of Assessment Scale (TCoA-IIIA), which had 27 items. Exploratory Factor Analysis results revealed that there were four factors in the scale which were called Student Accountability, School Accountability, Improvement, and Irrelevance like in the original scale. Then, the correlation results revealed that Student Accountability, School Accountability and Improvement conceptions were significantly correlated with each other at moderate level. However, Irrelevance conception did not have a significant relationship with other conceptions. The findings of Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) indicated that teaching subject and in-service training did not make any significant difference in teachers&rsquo / conceptions of assessment. However, years of teaching experience and undergraduate institution teachers graduated did significant differences in teachers&rsquo / conceptions of assessment.

This study is designed to investigate the relationships between cognitive, emotional, and intentional readiness of teachers towards organizational change and their resilience traits. The main assumption of this study is that readiness of teachers towards organizational change might be associated with their resilience traits. The study aimed at finding a correlation between readiness for change and resilience traits. The sample for this study was composed of 691 teachers who were working at primary and secondary public schools in Ankara. To assess the readiness of teachers, a new readiness scale was developed by the researchers and a previously used resilience scale was conducted to examine the resiliency level of teachers. The results of the multiple linear regressions between the variables of two scales indicated that some of the factors of resiliency were found to be significant predictors of readiness of teachers towards organizational change.

This study aims at finding whether reading about a specific topic/genre affects the writing outcome on the same topic/genre and the general writing performance positively in terms of content, organization, grammar, vocabulary and mechanics. This study was conducted with two upper-intermediate level EFL classes. Both groups were given a sample KPDS and a pre-test of writing at the beginning of the study. For five weeks, one of the groups received extra reading instruction with the usual writing instruction while the other group followed usual writing instruction only. Both groups&rsquo / performance was tested with a writing test at the end of each week and a post-test at the end of the treatment. The analyses of the data collected through these tests indicated that there were not significant differences between the mean scores of the two groups (p&amp / #61502 / 0.05). Hence it was found that the different treatments applied to the groups proved no difference in terms of improving students writing ability.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the in-service teacher training program implemented for the newly hired teachers in the School of Foreign Languages (SFL) at Middle East Technical University. The study was conducted with the help of three groups of participants who were the trainees who participated in the training program in the 2004-2005 academic year, the experienced teachers who were current members of the SFL and the teacher trainers. Data from the 12 trainees were collected through two questionnaires which were developed to identify the needs of the trainees at the start of the program and their degree of satisfaction at the end. Moreover, an interview was conducted with the trainees. Data from the 4 teacher trainers were collected through a questionnaire and it aimed to identify their expectations from and satisfaction with the program. 45 experienced teachers, on the other hand, were involved in the study to understand whether they need in-service training. The questionnaires included both Likert scale and open-ended items. Data collected through the instruments were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Closed-ended items were analyzed via the SPSS program and mean scores for each item were calculated. To identify if there is any statistically significant difference between the mean scores, a paired-sample t-test was calculated. The qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis. The results of the study revealed that the trainees especially need to improve their practical teaching skills which are immediately necessary in the new setting. Their degree of satisfaction was also found to be high. The results about the experienced teachers showed that they did not feel the need to enroll in an in-service training program. The findings about the teacher trainers revealed that they are generally happy with the program although they listed some suggestions for improvement.

Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka stadsplanering vid tre tidsepoker. Genom att jämföra mellanrummen i staden och sedan plocka ut de positiva inslag som vi tror tilltalar de flesta människorna vill vi komma fram till hur en idealstad skulle kunna se ut. De tidsepoker vi valt är Kvartersstaden, Funktionalismens stad och Dagens byggande. För att kunna bygga framtidens städer måste man titta tillbaka och ta till vara på det som fungerat och lära sig av sina misstag. Från den korrekta kvartersstaden via det storskaliga funktionalistiska samhället till dagens förtätningar finns det tydliga likheter såväl som olikheter. Grönskan har stor betydelse för en stad och dess invånare. Människan uppskattar känslan av närhet till naturen och gröna stadsrum bidrar till en uppskattad stadsmiljö. Vi har kommit fram till att det finns vissa element som skapar en attraktiv stad. Genom ett samspel vid stadsbyggande mellan kommunen, byggherrar och de boende i staden skulle det kunna byggas städer som de flesta människor trivs i. / The main purpose with this diploma work is to examine cityplanning at three different time periods. By comparing public spaces and pick the most positive elements that we think appeals to most people, our conclusion would end up in with thoughts of an ideal city and how it would look like. The time periods we choose is the 19th-century (“blockcity”), the modernistic city and building of today. Too build the cities of the future we have to look back and learn from our mistakes and take care of the functioning elements. From the strict “blockcity” via the modernistic large-scaled society to the condensing of the present city, there are clear similarities as well as differences. The vegetation is significant to a city and its inhabitants. People appreciate the sense of closeness to nature and green public spaces contribute to an appreciated urban environment. There are certain components that in our opinion creates an attractive city. A good teamwork between the city’s planning board, property developers and the citizens is crucial to building cities that most people like.

<p>Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka stadsplanering</p><p>vid tre tidsepoker. Genom att jämföra mellanrummen i staden</p><p>och sedan plocka ut de positiva inslag som vi tror tilltalar de</p><p>flesta människorna vill vi komma fram till hur en idealstad skulle</p><p>kunna se ut.</p><p>De tidsepoker vi valt är Kvartersstaden, Funktionalismens stad</p><p>och Dagens byggande. För att kunna bygga framtidens städer</p><p>måste man titta tillbaka och ta till vara på det som fungerat och</p><p>lära sig av sina misstag. Från den korrekta kvartersstaden via det</p><p>storskaliga funktionalistiska samhället till dagens förtätningar</p><p>finns det tydliga likheter såväl som olikheter. Grönskan har stor</p><p>betydelse för en stad och dess invånare. Människan uppskattar</p><p>känslan av närhet till naturen och gröna stadsrum bidrar till en</p><p>uppskattad stadsmiljö.</p><p>Vi har kommit fram till att det finns vissa element som skapar</p><p>en attraktiv stad. Genom ett samspel vid stadsbyggande mellan</p><p>kommunen, byggherrar och de boende i staden skulle det kunna</p><p>byggas städer som de flesta människor trivs i.</p> / <p>The main purpose with this diploma work is to examine</p><p>cityplanning at three different time periods. By comparing public</p><p>spaces and pick the most positive elements that we think appeals</p><p>to most people, our conclusion would end up in with thoughts of</p><p>an ideal city and how it would look like.</p><p>The time periods we choose is the 19th-century (“blockcity”),</p><p>the modernistic city and building of today. Too build the cities of</p><p>the future we have to look back and learn from our mistakes and</p><p>take care of the functioning elements. From the strict “blockcity”</p><p>via the modernistic large-scaled society to the condensing of the</p><p>present city, there are clear similarities as well as differences.</p><p>The vegetation is significant to a city and its inhabitants. People</p><p>appreciate the sense of closeness to nature and green public</p><p>spaces contribute to an appreciated urban environment.</p><p>There are certain components that in our opinion creates an</p><p>attractive city. A good teamwork between the city’s planning</p><p>board, property developers and the citizens is crucial to building</p><p>cities that most people like.</p>

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the relationship between working memory, English as a second language and academic achievement of secondary school students between the ages of 12-14. The study also examines the effects of age and gender factors on working memory capacity and its relation with academic attainments. Data were collected from 12-14 year-old children (N=54) in two state secondary schools in Kirsehir, Turkey. Verbal working memory was assessed by a reading span (RS) test and a backward digit span (BDS) test. Academic achievement was determined by performance on basic secondary school courses which were English (foreign language), Turkish (mother tongue), Social Sciences, Mathematics and Science. The study examined the predictive role of working memory capacity on success on each course. The results revealed that verbal working memory tests significantly correlated with the tests of both general academic achievement (for RS: r=42, for BDS: r=43) and specific courses (.001&le / p &lt / .01). The results also indicated that verbal working memory capacity had a far more predictive role on school success for females than males.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the complaint speech act set used by Turkish EFL learners speaking to a commiserating and contradicting teacher. For this purpose, four kinds of data sources were used: twenty native English speakers&amp / #8217 / role-plays, twenty five Turkish native speakers&amp / #8217 / role-plays, forty students&amp / #8217 / role-plays and two native speakers&amp / #8217 / judgments on the students&amp / #8217 / production. The subjects were given two different situations. Their role-plays were audio taped and transcribed. The subjects&amp / #8217 / complaint speech act sets were analyzed, using a coding scheme from a previous study in the literature. The baseline and the interlanguage data were compared using SPSS to see to what extent they were similar and different, and to see whether or not the Turkish EFL learners made positive and negative transfer, and whether there were any features unique to the interlanguage of the learners. The findings of the study revealed that Turkish EFL learners produced a complaint speech act set when speaking to a commiserating and contradicting teacher. The components of the complaint speech act set realized by the learners were &amp / #8216 / complaint&amp / #8217 / , &amp / #8216 / justification&amp / #8217 / , &amp / #8216 / candidate solution: request&amp / #8217 / , &amp / #8216 / candidate solution: demand&amp / #8217 / , and &amp / #8216 / explanation of purpose&amp / #8217 / . When speaking to the commiserating teacher, the students made positive transfer in using the components &amp / #8216 / explanation of purpose&amp / #8217 / , &amp / #8216 / complaint&amp / #8217 / , &amp / #8216 / justification&amp / #8217 / , and &amp / #8216 / request&amp / #8217 / . They made negative transfer in using &amp / #8216 / demand&amp / #8217 / . The students speaking to the contradicting teacher made positive transfer in their use of the components &amp / #8216 / explanation of purpose&amp / #8217 / , &amp / #8216 / complaint&amp / #8217 / and &amp / #8216 / justification&amp / #8217 / . The component &amp / #8216 / demand&amp / #8217 / was subject to negative transfer.

The aim of the study is to investigate pre-service middle school mathematics teachers&rsquo / critical thinking processes through statistical and probabilistic knowledge in the context of popular media texts. The study was conducted with a qualitative case study method. Participants of the study consisted of four senior pre-service middle school mathematics teachers enrolled in a public university. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the participants. Analysis of the data was conducted on the basis of two dimentions / critical thinking skills, and statistical and probabilistic knowledge. The results of the study indicated that pre-service middle school mathematics teachers reflected different critical thinking skills and made use of different statistical and probabilistic knowledge in different contexts. They mostly reflected interpretation skill on the basis of their statistical and probabilistic knowledge. Moreover, to what extent they made use of critical thinking skills was differentiated on the basis of their statistical and probabilistic knowledge. They reflected complicated critical thinking process dealing with conditional probability statements. They had difficulty with probabilistic statements underlying conditional probability especially in this process.