Syftet med denna pilotstudie var att beskriva hur sjuksköterskor som arbetar som Case Managers uppfattar effekterna av denna arbetsmodell avseende medicinsk vård, social situation, missbruk, vård- och omsorgskvalitet samt samordning för patienter med missbruk och samtidig psykisk störning. Metoden var kvantitativ och genomfördes med en webbenkät. Resultatet visade att respondenterna anser att Case Management haft en positiv påverkan på patienternas medicinska vård och sociala situation. Det ledde också till en bättre kontakt med patienten, och förbättrad bedömning av patientens sammansatta situation. Sammantaget framkom en övervägande positiv uppfattning även av vård- och omsorgskvaliteten, samordningen och de arbetsmetoder som använts. Vad gäller missbruket uppgav en del av respondenterna att det påverkades positivt och en del av respondenterna uppgav att det inte påverkades alls. Vid en fullskalig studie hade det varit intressant att göra enkäten mer nyanserad med fler svarsalternativ och även ha med bakgrundsvariabler för att se samband och göra jämförelser. Pilotstudien indikerar att Case Management är en arbetsmodell som kan underlätta omvårdnadsarbetet för patienter med komplex problematik och stort behov av vård och stöd, och även vara en metod för att lättare samordna insatser från olika vårdgivare. Sjuksköterskan kan genom Case Management arbeta hälsofrämjande för att stödja patienter med missbruk och samtidig psykisk störning i olika områden som påverkar hälsan. / The aim of this pilot study was to describe how nurses who work as Case Managers perceive the effect of this approach for medical treatment, social status, substance abuse, quality of health care and coordination for patients with substance abuse and concurrent psychiatric disorder. The method was quantitative and was conducted with a web survey. The results showed that the respondents believe that case management had a positive impact on patients' medical care and social situation. It also led to a better contact with the patient, and improved assessment of the patient's complex situation. Overall, the answers also revealed a generally positive perception of the care quality, the coordination and used methods. As for the abuse, some respondents answered that Case Management had affected the abuse in a positive way, and others that it had not been affected at all. In a full scale study it would have been interesting to make the questionnaire more nuanced with more response options, and also have the background variables to make comparisons. The pilot study indicate that case management is an approach that can facilitate nursing care for patients with complex problems and need of care and support, and also be a method to help to coordinate the efforts of various health care providers. The nurse can through Case Management support patients with substance abuse and mental disorders in different areas of health.

Understanding the composition and distribution of the revenue of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) is key to understanding NPOs themselves. This research uses revenue data for 87,127 charitable NPOs to draw three main conclusions. First, revenue structures of NPOs vary widely by subsector and organizational size, with many NPOs demonstrating revenue structures that might be considered uncharacteristic of the nonprofit sector. Second, despite the concerns of many nonprofit scholars, heavy dependence on either government funding or charitable contributions is atypical of NPOs. And third, nonprofit revenue is highly concentrated in relatively few NPOs. The description of revenue expands to examine the relationship between two important sources of revenue, charitable contributions and government subsidies. Nonprofit scholars have long theorized that government funding diminishes charitable giving. This research finds that the effect of subsidy on charity varies substantially among the nonprofit subsectors, but, contrary to widely accepted theory, these effects are more often positive than negative: More than half of government funding of the nonprofit subsectors appears to spur an increase in charitable giving, whereas only 6 percent of government funding is associated with decreased giving. This research suggests that effects of subsidy on charity are less likely due to the decisions of donors than to the decisions of NPOs themselves. These findings assuage some concerns about the future of the nonprofit sector but substantiate others. As government increasingly relies on NPOs to deliver government-funded services, it appears unlikely that NPOs will suffer decreases in charitable giving, and government funding may even enable NPOs to increase revenue from charitable giving. But marginal changes in charitable giving will not mitigate what many see as a distressing move away from reliance on charity toward generating fees for services and generally becoming more business-like. Whether these findings represent a nonprofit sector betraying its charitable roots, diluting its power to effect social change by "corporatizing," emphasizing service delivery at the expense of advocacy, or becoming more efficient, financially stable, and responsive to market demands remains a matter of debate, but debate better informed by the understanding of nonprofit revenue provided by this research.

Substance dependency can affect a mother‘s health and her ability to parent. A cross sectional study was implemented to better understand resources of African American mothers in recovery from substance dependence. A convenience sample of 38 African American mothers at two drug treatment centers in Atlanta, Georgia completed the Michigan Screening Profile of Parents (Helfer, Hoffmeister, & Schneider, 1978). Results indicated that women who perceived that their emotional needs were being met were less likely to use maladaptive coping skills. Mothers who used less maladaptive coping skills were less likely to report negative interactions with their children. Results have implications for the needs of African Americans mothers in substance abuse treatment. Follow up studies may benefit from the use of longitudinal and qualitative research methods in order to comprehensively explain the impact of lifetime social supports on maladaptive coping and negative parenting behaviors for African American mothers in recovery.

Using a qualitative multiple case study methodology, this study explores the relationship between government funding and INGO autonomy in three INGOs through resource dependence and tool choice frameworks. Adapting Verhoest, Peters et al.'s (2004) conceptualization of organizational autonomy as the extent of an organization's decision making capacity in matters concerning agency operations and human resource and financial management; this research regards the authors second definition of financial, structural, legal, and interventional constraints not as types of autonomy per se, but as the mechanisms through which INGOs' actual use of their decision making competencies is constrained. The findings in this research suggest that relative to other funding sources, government funding disproportionately impacts INGOs' operational and managerial autonomy. This is largely accomplished through various ex ante and ex post constraints such as, rules and regulations on inputs allocation and use, performance controls and evaluation requirements attached to government funding. This research also finds that the tool of choice used by government to finance INGO activities also steer, direct and influence INGO grantees' decisions thus positioning INGOs to incorporate government policy interests, preferences and priorities. However, INGOs can exercise their autonomy through various strategies ranging from program design, contract negotiation, and participation in advisory groups.

Underpinning economic growth is the emergence of entrepreneurial ventures with the potential to grow that boost job creation and provide new sources of products for mature companies. The critical role associated with new firms, underscores the importance of understanding how entrepreneurship unfolds. Network-based research, while leading the way to rich empirical studies provides a limited understanding of how entrepreneurial networks are built and their impact on the emergence of a new venture. Employing a multiple case study design and a perspective based on organizational path building, three young technology ventures were investigated in terms of the formation of networks around five key entrepreneurial activities defined by entrepreneurs. Rich insight into new venture emergence is presented in terms of the reciprocal relationship between specific activities enacted by entrepreneurs and the networks that form to execute those activities revealing the path building mechanisms that evolve to drive network development. The findings of this research not only contribute to theories of new venture emergence, but also offer an interesting opportunity for future research into factors that may influence the outcome of entrepreneurial ventures and provide practical insight for organizations seeking to sustain or develop an entrepreneurial path.

Internet protocol TV (IPTV) is predicted to be the key technology winner in the future. Efforts to accelerate the deployment of IPTV centralized model which is combined of VHO, encoders, controller, access network and Home network. Regardless of whether the network is delivering live TV, VOD, or Time-shift TV, all content and network traffic resulting from subscriber requests must traverse the entire network from the super-headend all the way to each subscriber's Set-Top Box (STB).IPTV services require very stringent QoS guarantees When IPTV traffic shares the network resources with other traffic like data and voice, how to ensure their QoS and efficiently utilize the network resources is a key and challenging issue. For QoS measured in the network-centric terms of delay jitter, packet losses and bounds on delay. The main focus of this thesis is on the optimized bandwidth allocation and smooth datatransmission. The proposed traffic model for smooth delivering video service IPTV network with its QoS performance evaluation. According to Maglaris et al [5] First, analyze the coding bit rate of a single video source. Various statistical quantities are derived from bit rate data collected with a conditional replenishment inter frame coding scheme. Two correlated Markov process models (one in discrete time and one incontinuous time) are shown to fit the experimental data and are used to model the input rates of several independent sources into a statistical multiplexer. Preventive control mechanism which is to be include CAC, traffic policing used for traffic control.QoS has been evaluated of common bandwidth scheduler( FIFO) by use fluid models with Markovian queuing method and analysis the result by using simulator andanalytically, Which is measured the performance of the packet loss, overflow and mean waiting time among the network users.

Internet protocol TV (IPTV) is predicted to be the key technology winner in the future. Efforts to accelerate the deployment of IPTV centralized model which is combined of VHO, encoders, controller, access network and Home network. Regardless of whether the network is delivering live TV, VOD, or Time-shift TV, all content and network traffic resulting from subscriber requests must traverse the entire network from the super-headend all the way to each subscriber's Set-Top Box (STB). IPTV services require very stringent QoS guarantees When IPTV traffic shares the network resources with other traffic like data and voice, how to ensure their QoS and efficiently utilize the network resources is a key and challenging issue. For QoS measured in the network-centric terms of delay jitter, packet losses and bounds on delay. The main focus of this thesis is on the optimized bandwidth allocation and smooth data transmission. The proposed traffic model for smooth delivering video service IPTV network with its QoS performance evaluation. According to Maglaris et al [5] first, analyze the coding bit rate of a single video source. Various statistical quantities are derived from bit rate data collected with a conditional replenishment inter frame coding scheme. Two correlated Markov process models (one in discrete time and one in continuous time) are shown to fit the experimental data and are used to model the input rates of several independent sources into a statistical multiplexer. Preventive control mechanism which is to be including CAC, traffic policing used for traffic control. QoS has been evaluated of common bandwidth scheduler( FIFO) by use fluid models with Markovian queuing method and analysis the result by using simulator and analytically, Which is measured the performance of the packet loss, overflow and mean waiting time among the network users.

<p>In this thesis, temporal and spatial dependence are considered within nonparametric priors to help infer patterns, clusters or segments in data. In traditional nonparametric mixture models, observations are usually assumed exchangeable, even though dependence often exists associated with the space or time at which data are generated.</p> <p>Focused on model-based clustering and segmentation, this thesis addresses the issue in different ways, for temporal and spatial dependence.</p> <p>For sequential data analysis, the dynamic hierarchical Dirichlet process is proposed to capture the temporal dependence across different groups. The data collected at any time point are represented via a mixture associated with an appropriate underlying model; the statistical properties of data collected at consecutive time points are linked via a random parameter that controls their probabilistic similarity. The new model favors a smooth evolutionary clustering while allowing innovative patterns to be inferred. Experimental analysis is performed on music, and may also be employed on text data for learning topics.</p> <p>Spatially dependent data is more challenging to model due to its spatially-grid structure and often large computational cost of analysis. As a non-parametric clustering prior, the logistic stick-breaking process introduced here imposes the belief that proximate data are more likely to be clustered together. Multiple logistic regression functions generate a set of sticks with each dominating a spatially localized segment. The proposed model is employed on image segmentation and speaker diarization, yielding generally homogeneous segments with sharp boundaries.</p> <p>In addition, we also consider a multi-task learning with each task associated with spatial dependence. For the specific application of co-segmentation with multiple images, a hierarchical Bayesian model called H-LSBP is proposed. By sharing the same mixture atoms for different images, the model infers the inter-similarity between each pair of images, and hence can be employed for image sorting.</p> / Dissertation

¡@¡@Corporate foundations initiated by large family enterprises are usually explained from the social responsibility viewpoint. In that, the family initiated the corporate foundations to achieve the social responsibility in the society. However, what is the possible control role of corporate foundations in family businesses is seldom investigated. By utilizing the over-eight-year data in Taiwan¡¦s family business groups, this study tries to investigate the antecedent of corporate foundations in large family business groups from the resource dependence theory and institutional theory viewpoint. The results indicate that the family ownership and family management will influence the control of corporate foundations in large family business groups in Taiwan. Specifically, the more likely that the family members involve in key decision-making roles in the group, and the more likely that the family members will utilize pyramidal ownership structure to control the multiple affiliates in the group, the more likely that the family members will serve as the key decision-making roles in the corporate foundations in the family business groups. The findings provide a power explanation in initiating corporate foundations in family business context. Moreover, the findings indicate that the corporate foundation play a key role in the share-controlled relationships in the large family business groups. The results provide referable values in discussing the non-profit organizations roles in family business group¡¦s control issues.

This paper focuses on stock markets, including Portugal¡BItaly¡BIreland¡BGreece and Spain, and these are named PIGS by economists. Furthermore, we add the other three countries, U.S.A.¡BU.K. and Germany in this paper for investigating the dependence structure in the stock markets between these countries during the period 2001-2011. We implement a regime-switching copula model based on Gaussian copula, which uses a GARCH specification for the marginal distributions and the Gaussian copula for the joint distribution. Our method combines copulas and regime-switching models to demonstrate dependence sructures in stock markets between these countries. Based on this paper, we have two reports for international investors. First, if the dependency changes over time, the returns of portfolio diversification may be prone to diversification disasters, and the international investors' degrees of diversification can cause higher systemic risk in the period of financial crisis. Second, the phonomenon of the asymmetric dependence exists in financial markets, and we conclude that non-diversification may be better than diversification in the period of financial crisis.