L’objectif de ce travail est de développer un système d’affectation des conteneurs aux véhicules autonomes intelligents (AIVs) dans un terminal à conteneurs. Dans la première phase, on a développé un système statique pour résoudre le problème multi-objectif optimisant la durée totale des opérations de déplacement des conteneurs, le temps d’attente des véhicules aux niveaux de points de chargement et de déchargement et l’équilibre de temps de travail entre les véhicules. L’approche proposée est l’algorithme génétique(AG). Une extension de cette approche a été ensuite effectuée pour corriger les limites de la précédente. Pour choisir la meilleure approche, une étude comparative a été réalisée entre trois approches : AG, AG & DIJK et AG & DIJK & HEUR. Les résultats numérique ont montré que l’approche AG & DIJK & HEUR est meilleure. Dans la deuxième phase, on a étudié la robustesse de notre système dans un environnement dynamique. Un retard de l’arrivée d’un navire au port ou un dysfonctionnement de l’un des équipements peutperturber le planning des opérations et donc influencer sur les opérations d’affectation des conteneurs. L’idée était d’ajouter les nouveaux conteneurs aux véhicules qui sont déjà non disponibles. D’autres cas de perturbation comme la congestion routière, la non disponibilité de certaines portions de la routes ont été étudiés expérimentalementEt les résultats numériques ont montré la robustesse de notre approche pour le cas dynamique.Mots-clés : Conteneurs, AIV, routage, optimisation, algorithme génetique, environnement dynamique. / The objective of our work is to develop a container assignment system for intelligent autonomous vehicles (AIVS) in a container terminal. Given the complexity of this problem, it was proposed to decompose it into three problems: The problem of dispatching containers to AIVS, the AIVS routing problem and the problem of scheduling containers to queues of AIVS. To achieve this goal, we developed in the first phase, a static system for multi-objective problem to optimize the total duration of the containers transportation, the waiting time of vehicles at loading points and the equilibrium of working time between vehicles. The approach used was the genetic algorithm (GA). This approach was applied to optimize only the assignment operation without influence on the choice of the path traveled by each AIV. An extension of this work was then made to improve the results found. For this purpose, a comparative study was carried out between three approaches: The first approach is the AG, the second approach is the GA and the Dijkstra algorithm (DIJK) that was used to find the shortest path for each vehicle and the third approach is the AG and DIJK and heuristic (HEUR) which was proposed to choose the nearest vehicle of each container. The numerical study showed the best performance of the AG & DJK & HEUR approach over the other two approaches. In the second phase of our project, the robustness of our system in a dynamic environment has been studied. A delay of the arrival of a ship at the port or malfunction of one of any equipment of the port can cause a delay of one of the operations of loading or unloading process. This will affect the container assignment operation. The idea was to add new containers to vehicles that are already unavailable. The traffic can also cause a delay in arrival of the vehicle at the position of the container or the unavailability of one of the paths crossing point. These cases were investigated experimentally, numerical results showed the robustness of our approach to dynamic case.

Although avian influenza virus (AIV) infections in domestic poultry are uncommon, transmission of avian influenza from wild waterfowl reservoirs does occur. Depopulation of the infected flock is the typical response to AIV outbreaks in domestic chicken production, causing a loss in profits and accumulation of unexpected expenses. Because it is impossible to know which of many virus subtypes will cause an outbreak, it is not feasible for the U.S. to stockpile vaccines against all possible avian influenza threats. Currently, the U.S. does not routinely vaccinate chickens against influenza due to the inability to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA), which would place limitations on its trade markets. A Sindbis virus vector expressing the PR8 influenza strain's M2e peptide was developed as a potential universal DIVA vaccine. M2e is a conserved peptide amongst influenza A viruses; M2e-specific antibodies induce antibody-dependent cytotoxicity or phagocytosis of infected cells, reducing production and shedding of AIV during infection. In this study, chickens were vaccinated at one-month-of-age with parental (E2S1) or recombinant Sindbis viruses expressing the PR8 M2e peptide (E2S1-M2e) by subcutaneous or intranasal routes at high (106 pfu) or low (103 pfu) dosages. Chickens were boosted at 2-weeks post-initial vaccination using the same virus, route, and dosage, then challenged with low pathogenic H5N3 AIV at 0.2 mL of 106/mL EID50 2-weeks post-boost. Serum samples were collected at 1-week and 2-weeks post-vaccination, 2-weeks post-boost, and 2-weeks post-challenge and screened for PR8 M2e-specific IgY antibody production by ELISA. Both high and low dose subcutaneously, as well as high dose intranasally vaccinated E2S1-M2e groups produced significantly higher levels of PR8 M2e-specific IgY antibodies as early as 1-week post-vaccination, while the uninoculated control and E2S1 groups remained negative for all pre-challenge time points. M2e-specific IgY antibodies capable of binding the challenge H5N3 M2e peptide were detected in groups with existing vaccine-induced M2e-specific antibodies pre-challenge, suggesting antibody M2e cross-reactivity. After challenge, all groups developed M2e-specific IgY antibodies and high HI titers, verifying successful AIV infection during challenge and production of hemagglutinin-specific antibodies. Viral shedding titers 4-days post-challenge were used to measure vaccine efficacy and were similar amongst all groups. Microneutralization assay results confirmed that post-boost serum samples, containing only M2e-specific antibodies, were unable to neutralize AIV in vitro. Although the E2S1-M2e vaccine was capable of producing high levels of M2e-specific IgY antibodies when inoculated subcutaneously, these antibodies were not able to reduce viral shedding and therefore did not protect chickens from AIV.

Dagens marknad är mycket osäker och föränderlig, vilket är en utmaning för bland annat industriföretag. För att förbli relevanta för marknaden måste företag anpassa sig. Anpassningen möjliggörs genom att företagen är flexibla i hela sin verksamhet. För ett industriföretag kan flexibilitet avse produktionsflexibilitet i produktionslayouter. Det är en mycket viktig komponent för att kunna hantera korta produktlivscykler och snabbt utvecklanya produkter. Denna kandidatuppsats undersöker vilken layout av de centrala layouterna, linan eller funktionella layouten, som är mest fördelaktig vad gäller flexibilitet och produktionskostnader givet nya lösningar från Industri 4.0. För att svara på frågan genomfördes en analys och en litteraturstudie baserade på ett studiebesök på Volvo fabriken i Köping. Analysen genomfördes genom att konstruera en lina som sedan skulle jämföras med en yteffektiviserad funktionell layout från Volvo fabriken i Köping. Resultaten av analysen visade att en lina med en rads placering har minst area men är lägre expansionsflexibel än en funktionell layout med Industri 4.0-lösningar. / Today's market is very uncertain and changing, which is a challenge for, among other things, industrial companies. To remain relevant in the market, companies must adapt. Adaptation is made possible by the companies being flexible throughout their operations. For an industrial company, flexibility can refer to production flexibility in production layouts. It is a very important component to be able to manage short product life cycles and quickly develop new products. This bachelor's thesis examines which production layout of the main layouts, a product or a functional layout, is most beneficial in terms of flexibility and production costs given new solutions from Industry 4.0. To answer the question, an analysis and a literature study were carried out based on a study visit to the Volvo factory in Köping. The analysis was carried out by constructing a product layout which would then be compared with a surface-efficient functional layout from the Volvo factory in Köping. The results of the analysis showed that a product layout with single-row placement has the least footprint but is less expansion flexible than a functional layout with Industry 4.0 solutions.

M. Tech. (Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied and Computer Science), Vaal University of Technology. / Influenza-A virus is a single stranded negative sense RNA virus that is a member of a Orthomyxoviridae group. The virus is diverse and consists of 16 haemagglutinin (H) and 9 neuraminidase (N) glycoproteins subtypes that form a serotype. Avian influenza virus (AIV) has been detected in more than 100 bird species from 26 different families, although Anseriformes and Charadriiformes are considered the natural hosts of the virus. A 12-month study was conducted at the African Pride Irene Country Club lodge in Pretoria where the prevalence of AIV was monitored in a community of wild birds. The African Pride Irene Country Club lodge houses a population of wild bird species such as Egyptian geese (Alopochen aegytptiaca), Yellow-billed duck (Anas undulata), Red knobbed coot (Fulica cristata), African sacred ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus) and Hadeda ibis (Bostrycha hagedash). A total of 3674 faecal samples were collected over a period of 12 months and screened for AIV group using the Matrix gene (M-gene) real time reverse-transcriptase PCR (rRT-PCR). Positive samples were submitted for virus isolation in embryonated chicken eggs. In addition, the RNAs were screened using H5 and H7 subtype specific rRT-PCR and a conventional universal RCR assay that targets the HA gene was also used. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) products were requenced using Sanger sequencing and the viral isolates were subjected to Next Generation sequencing (NGS). Twenty percent of the samples tested positive for the AIV group and four virus subtypes were identified. One virus isolate was identified through NGS as H3N6; two through conventional PCR and Sanger sequencing as H9Nx and H6Nx. Of the twenty percent samples that tested positive for AIV 98% were identified as H7Nx by subtype specific through rRT-PCR. The highest frequency of AIV positive samples was detected between the months of January and February 2017 (20%), with smaller peaks detected in february and March 2016 (0.3%). Lower peaks were also detected between the months July and November 2016 (0.1%), respectively. A high prevalence of AIV was detected in the late summer months with a frequency of 65% positive, although a low prevalence was also detected in the autumn (0.6%) winter (0.6%) and spring 0.08%). Thus, the study provides a valuable insight into the seasonal prevalence of AIV in a heterogeneous wild duck population in Gauteng Province.

Orientador : Eleri Cardozo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-28T22:47:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bosnardo_RaquelCristina_M.pdf: 5414563 bytes, checksum: 544795dcf9e396a0241a2e0bb1dfee6c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: Este trabalho descreve o desenvolvimento de um sistema de videoconferência para redes de alto desempenho, que pode ser integrado em sistemas de educação a distância os quais necessitam desta funcionalidade. O sistema é portável, não proprietário e distribuído e permite a interação entre professor e estudante (em um ambiente de educação a distância) através de transmissões em áudio e vídeo, e através de notificações por eventos. Para a implementação, foram utilizadas a arquitetura CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) e a linguagem Java. Dois serviços CORBA foram empregados: AIV Streams para o transporte da mídia contínua e o Serviço de Eventos para a notificação de eventos. O projeto e desenvolvimento utiliza tecnologias modernas tais como UML (Unified Modeling Language), componentes de software, e orientação a objetos / Abstract:This dissertation deseribes the development of a videoconference system targeted to high speed networks that can be integrated into distance learning systems lacking of this functionality. The system is designed to be portable, open, and distributed, allowing the integration among teacher and students (in a distance Jearning environment) through live audio and video, and event notifications. The impJementation relies on the CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) architecture and the Java language. Two CORBA services were employed: AIV Streams for eontinuous media transport and Event Service for event notification. The design and development employ modem technologies such as UML (Unified Modeling Language), software components, and object-orientation / Mestrado / Engenharia Eletrica / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

<p dir="ltr">Agricultural biosecurity is a global concern, with implications for food security, public health, and economic and ecological stability. Through education and technology, threats can be predicted and better managed. Existing educational materials and spatial analysis predominantly cater to larger facilities, leaving smaller producers at a disadvantage as they often lack financial means to implement prevention strategies and have less resources at their disposal. In this dissertation, two novel uses of education and technology within agricultural biosecurity were researched: educational curricula for young and beginning farmers and the potential impact of geospatial information systems (GIS) tools in understanding the spread of avian influenza viruses (AIV). I extend my deepest gratitude to Dr. Shawn Ehlers, Clinical Assistant Professor, for his unwavering guidance and mentorship throughout my dissertation work. Special appreciation goes to my committee members, Dr. Pamela Aaltonen, Dr. William Field, and Dr. Roger Tormoehlen, for their valuable insights and constructive feedback. Collaborative efforts with Melissa Rudolph and the support from ABE GSA and QGSA greatly enriched my research experience. Heartfelt thanks to my family, including Glen Jr. Morris, Melodie Morris, Moranda Morris, Marissa and Ian Pringle, and my partner Adam Dachowicz, as well as Adam’s family Steven, Lori, Alyssa, and Holly, for their constant support. I acknowledge the contributions of Gearing Up for Safety, IN-PREPared, Indiana Board of Animal Health (BOAH), Indiana Department of Natural Resources (DNR), and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for their help in my research investigations and express my appreciation to Purdue libraries and ABE faculty and staff for constant support with crucial resources and facilities.</p><p><br></p>