Research on policy implementation suggests that many education reforms designed to improve the quality of education in general have been more rhetorical than substantive in their impact on the organisation of schools and classrooms. Schools and classrooms do change, but the extent and directions of change are not always consistent with the intention of policy initiatives. This same argument applies to the South African education policy process, where a substantial body of literature has documented the gaps between the intention of policy makers (intended policy) and their implementation (implemented policy) in schools. The gap has been especially relevant for those policies focusing on the change of the knowledge, skills and competency levels of teachers through accountability and professional development policies. The purpose of this investigative and descriptive study originated in a hypothesis that the lack of orientation, knowledge sharing, understanding and the capacity building of teachers on policy intentions make it difficult for teachers to implement policies. I assumed therefore that through information and workshop sessions the gap between the policy intentions and the practice of teachers can be solved. In particular, my involvement in the drafting of the Developmental Appraisal System (DAS) policy gave me the sense that there was nothing fundamentally wrong with the policy, but that the lack of capacity building among teachers is what is undermining the implementation of the policy in schools. The study therefore intended to investigate the impact of a five-day information session on the implementation process of the DAS policy at Cape Flats Secondary School (CFSS) – this is a pseudo name. These sessions were facilitated by me during the last semester of 2001. Thereafter, the school was given a year to implement the policy during 2002. Regular contact with the chairperson of the Staff Development Team (SDT) to ascertain the progress of implementation brought me to the realisation after eighteen months and still no implementation that the focus of my study had to change to understand the challenges of implementation at the school. As a member of the Policy Formulation team, I could not understand why a policy with such immense potential in enhancing professional development among teachers could not be implemented in a school where staff members publicly stated their commitment to implement the policy. This school (CFSS) in particular, had a high number of union leaders involved at numerous levels within the union who researched and developed the initial ideas and proposals of the DAS policy. The study is therefore guided by the following questions: 1. What made it difficult for the staff of Cape Flats Secondary School to implement the DAS policy, despite a high level of stated commitment to implement the policy and a thorough five-day information session (both theoretical and practical) on how to implement the policy? a) What was the expected level, scope or depth of the policy change, envisaged by policy formulators, necessary by the school to implement the policy? b) Which elements of the policy and the conditions at the school needed to be supported by implementation support agents (national, provincial and district officials) to facilitate the implementation at school level? and c) What was the level of functionality of the school to facilitate the successful implementation of this policy? This research explains how the different levels of functionality of schools affect the potential of implementation of a ‘one-size-fits-all’ policy. In particular, I reflect on the deliberations which inform the features of the DAS policy, during the policy formulation stage. I furthermore pay special attention to what interviewees called the ‘what was going on’ at the school, as if ‘outsiders’ don’t know what was going on in the school. The research therefore focuses on the functionality of the school through the lenses of ten school functionality components. Teachers at CFSS believe that policy makers do not understand and know what is going on at their school and therefore the effect, relevance and implementability of their policies are disconnected from the operational implementation contexts of schools. The data was collected over a period of six months. In this regard, I used multiple methods of data collection which include critical engagement with the entire staff through information workshop sessions, semi-structured interviews, critical engagements with the strategic liaison team, structured questionnaires, document analysis and photographic records. The main insights of the study include the following: -- Policy makers have to re-assess and re-conceptualise the current policy making paradigm in operation in developing ‘professional’ policy; -- The influence and power relations of employers and employee parties in the policy-making process must be re-assessed and re-conceptualised in order to clarify the policy-making process in South Africa; -- The lack of systems (both technical and human), at different levels of education, makes it impossible to monitor and evaluate the effective and efficient implementation of the DAS policy; -- Understanding schools as individual organisations with unique characteristics, is a key pre-requisite for developing policies that are aimed at addressing real problems at specific schools; -- Leadership and management skills are seriously lacking at South African schools; -- Educators should implement reform policies around clear performance standards and accountability expectations; -- Intervention support agents should help schools make informed choices among a variety of implementation strategies; -- Policy makers should allocate target funding to encourage adoption of proven change practice; -- Policy makers should focus on schools that are ready for change with an expectation that many schools not ready for change this year may in the normal course of events become ready within a few years. The key insights of this research make this study unique and offer critical advice to policy makers. In particular, the re-organisation of the literature on policy-practice gaps (PPG) is insightful. The utilisation of both qualitative and quantitative data adds validity and reliability to the study. More importantly, the study shows that quantitative data can contribute towards understanding the policy implementation challenges in schools. Finally, my ‘insider’ experience of the policy-making process shares rare deliberations of what are the ‘trade-offs’ during the policy formulation stage. / Thesis (PhD (Education Policy Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

Mit zunehmender wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung der Emerging Markets steigt der Bedarf an Unternehmensbewertungen im Kontext dieser Länder. Ihre besonderen Charakteristika erschweren jedoch eine Anwendung der in Industrieländern standardmäßig verwendeten Methoden. Ausgehend von idealisierenden Bedingungen wird in einer integrativen Betrachtung der Frage nachgegangen, wie die vorherrschenden Bedingungen (insbesondere Länderrisiken und Investmentbarrieren) in einem grenzüberschreitenden Bewertungskalkül berücksichtigt werden können.

La presente investigación tuvo como principal objetivo analizar la percepción de los pasajeros de 25 y 64 años con respecto a la calidad del servicio en el segmento descrito con el propósito de conocer la industria hotelera y turística cusqueña. El alcance de la investigación es un estudio descriptivo y correlacional y el tipo de diseño es no experimental. El principal enfoque de estudio es cuantitativo y de forma complementaria se empleó el enfoque cualitativo. Se realizó 343 encuestas enviadas por conveniencia a pasajeros de Lima Metropolitana que se hospedaron en hoteles de una y dos estrellas de Cusco. Para realizar la evaluación de la percepción de la calidad de servicio se utilizó una metodología de valoración de desempeño llamada Service Performance (SERVPERF por sus siglas en inglés). Este modelo, emplea cinco dimensiones para medir la calidad de servicio: Elementos Tangibles, Fiabilidad, Capacidad de Respuesta, Seguridad y Empatía, las que fueron utilizadas para responder a las hipótesis planteadas. El análisis de datos y resultados validó una alta confiabilidad del cuestionario de 0.970. Asimismo, se aplicó el análisis de confiabilidad a las cinco dimensiones. Como resultado de la investigación, se concluyó que la percepción de los pasajeros de Lima Metropolitana con relación a la calidad de servicio en el segmento de estudio es alta. Además, existe correlación entre las dimensiones Seguridad y Elementos Tangibles, así como para Seguridad y Empatía. / The main objective of this research was to analyze the perception of passengers ages 25 to 64, with respect to the quality of service in the segment described to know the Cusco hotel and tourism industry. The scope of the research is a descriptive and correlational study, and the type of design is non-experimental. The main study approach is quantitative and in a complementary way the qualitative approach was used. 343 surveys sent for convenience to passengers from Lima Metropolitana who stayed in one and two-star hotels in Cusco were carried out. To evaluate the perception of service quality, a performance assessment methodology called Service Performance (SERVPERF) was used. This model uses five dimensions to measure service quality: Tangible Elements, Reliability, Responsiveness, Security and Empathy, which were used to respond to the hypothesis raised. The data and results analysis validated a high reliability of the questionnaire of 0.970. Likewise, the reliability analysis was applied to the five dimensions. As a result of the investigation, it was concluded that the perception of the passengers of Lima Metropolitana in relation to the quality of service in the study segment is high. In addition, there is a correlation between the dimensions Security and Tangible Elements, as well as for Security and Empathy. / Tesis

The aim of this diploma thesis is to appraise the construction using the BIM model with cost approach. The work deals with the introduction of BIM, a description of history, implementation and the need for BIM in construction. Furthermore, the work contains a description of valuation methods with a special focus on the cost approach. A 3D model of a family house was created for the purposes of the diploma thesis. The subject property was valued by several cost approach methods - appraisal using technical and economic indicators, item budget, cost approach in BIM. The thesis contains a description of the procedure for valuation using BIM and assessment of prices of all appraise methods.

This diploma thesis is about real estate market comparative appraisement, statistical approach and how to use software for data gathering and processing in its practical part. Practical part also includes draft of appraising algorithm. In the end of practical part, there are check of application's output and comparison of computed prices to both real traded prices and advertisement prices.

This Master's thesis analyses motivational system of instructor at the Ski school in ski-district Olešnice na Moravě. This analysis is focused on remuneration employee, appraisal employee and other proceses of motivational system including organizational culture. This thesis includes proposal of changing existing motivational system, which have influence to get more satisfied employee, more efficiency, degrease fluctuaction and than increase revenues and prosperity of company.

This master’s thesis is oriented on human resource management. This thesis analyzes the efficiency of the company with a focus on personal character weaknesses, ie. the organizational structure, competence of manager, combination compensation, system of empleyee appraisal and the stress load at work. It contains proposals for solutions on improving work efficiency through personnel changes.

Subject of this thesis is employees’ evaluation, remuneration and motivation in a particular company. In order to properly motivate employees, must be a system of evaluation and remuneration fair and understandable to employees. The aim of this work is based on theoretical knowledge gained in the first part and analysis of combination compensation in part two, suggest a more efficient system of employees’ reward and motivation. This should lead to greater satisfaction and improved employee service and thus to improve company performance.

This master’s thesis " Human Resource Management at DPMB, Inc.“, is focuses on the theoretical basis and subsequently compared with the analysis of the actual state of human resource management in the enterprise, with emphasis on 2007-2009. Analysis results are processed in own proposal to increase work efficiency in business. The results of analysis are offered to management for possible use.

The Thesis deals with impact of land price on the usual price of building and its change due to code no. 89/2012. The impact was determined based on market prices of lands and buildings retrieved from real estate databases. From statistically processed data was found out a 75% correlation between the market price of building and land. For numerical description the impact of land price on the usual price of building was assembled an equation. With this equation can be from land price roughly estimated usual price of building. The results of this thesis can contribute to speeding-up the process of initial estimation of usual price, as well as presents a way of displaying location, price, distribution of data and frequency of equal prices in one graph.