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Helikopterns förmågor i gemensamma operationer / Helicopter abilitys in joint operationsEkstrand, Niklas January 2009 (has links)
Modern krigföring genomförs till stor del i form av gemensamma operationer. Helikoptern är en relativt ny tillgång i modern krigföring men används i stor utsträckning för olika uppgifter. Helikopterns förmåga att flyga men ändå bibehålla en nära kontakt med markstyrkorna har gjort den unik, men det har även inneburit att den har varit svår att placera, luft eller mark, vilket i sin tur inneburit att teoriutvecklingen kring helikoptern gått långsamt. Uppsatsen skall beskriva ett tänkbart sätt att nyttja helikopterns förmågor i gemensamma operationer. Arbetet utförs i två steg där första steget görs för att generera en teori utifrån teorier om kombinerad bekämpning, gemensamma operationer och teorier om helikopterns förmågor. Därefter genomförs en fallstudie i syfte att undersöka i vilken utsträckning teorin kan anses vara prövbar i ett senare skede. / Modern warfare of today is to a large extent carried out as joint operations. The helicopter is a fairly new asset for modern warfare but is used frequently for different tasks. The helicopters ability to fly and yet remain in close contact with the ground forces makes it unique, but that is also one of the major reasons why it has been hard to lable the helicopter, air or ground, which in turn is why theory development regarding helicopters has been slow. This essay will attemp to describe a plausible way to use helikopters in joint operations. It will be done in two steps where the first step aims to generate a theory that derives from the theories behind combined arms warfare, joint operations and theories regarding the helicopter abilitys. The theory will be used in an exemplifying case study that aims to investigate to what extent the theory can be regarded as valid and subjected to a test.
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The Transmembrane Receptor UNC-40 Directs Muscle Arm Extension in Caenorhabditis elegansChan, Kevin Ka Ming 16 September 2011 (has links)
In Caenorhabditis elegans, body muscles extend muscle arms in a chemotropic
fashion to the nearest nerve cord and serves as a model for the investigation of guided
cell migration. I found that the transmembrane receptor UNC-40/DCC is required, and
functions cell-autonomously to regulate muscle arm extension. Surprisingly, both the
canonical ligand of UNC-40 (UNC-6/Netrin) and the extracellular domains of UNC-40
are dispensable, suggesting that UNC-40 relies on a co-receptor or other polarizing
pathways to direct muscle arm extension. Furthermore, through double mutant analyses
and the use of a neomorphic phenotype induced by UNC-40 over-expression, I define a
distinct UNC-40 pathway in which UNC-73/Trio, the WAVE actin polymerization
complex, and components of the dense body likely act downstream of UNC-40 to
regulate muscle arm extension. Distinct modes of UNC-40’s function in muscle arm
extension compared to its role in neurons provide a more complete understanding of how
this conserved guidance receptor functions.
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The Transmembrane Receptor UNC-40 Directs Muscle Arm Extension in Caenorhabditis elegansChan, Kevin Ka Ming 16 September 2011 (has links)
In Caenorhabditis elegans, body muscles extend muscle arms in a chemotropic
fashion to the nearest nerve cord and serves as a model for the investigation of guided
cell migration. I found that the transmembrane receptor UNC-40/DCC is required, and
functions cell-autonomously to regulate muscle arm extension. Surprisingly, both the
canonical ligand of UNC-40 (UNC-6/Netrin) and the extracellular domains of UNC-40
are dispensable, suggesting that UNC-40 relies on a co-receptor or other polarizing
pathways to direct muscle arm extension. Furthermore, through double mutant analyses
and the use of a neomorphic phenotype induced by UNC-40 over-expression, I define a
distinct UNC-40 pathway in which UNC-73/Trio, the WAVE actin polymerization
complex, and components of the dense body likely act downstream of UNC-40 to
regulate muscle arm extension. Distinct modes of UNC-40’s function in muscle arm
extension compared to its role in neurons provide a more complete understanding of how
this conserved guidance receptor functions.
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Western European Arms Export and Asylum Immigration: A Connection? On the Determinants of Asylum Immigration to Western EuropeEriksson, Lina January 2010 (has links)
My contribution is focused to a modest framework creation for asylum-immigration theory. By means of arms-export data from 17 Western European countries, tested against inflow of asylum seekers to these countries, covering the past 26 years, it is clear that arms-export from these countries do not contribute to their own asylum-inflow. The main theoretical contribution to existing literature on arms export and migration is therefore that I separate plausible causes of outgoing migration (arms export to countries from where asylum flows are generated) from determinants of asylum immigration. Empirically, I disprove such hypothetical indirect connections put forward both within academic literature and by NGOs like Amnesty International. Instead, I find the counter-intuitive, namely that increased arms export leads to less asylum immigration. Also, in contrast to previous literature on asylum immigration, I build on Granovetter (1973) and propose that diffusion of information through asylum networks depend on weak social connections as opposed to close relationships like ethnic bonds, family ties and friendships. In addition, I problematize the tendency of existing literature to treat asylum seekers as labor migrants and argue for a framework founded on principles which account for the unique circumstances and life situations faced by asylum seekers. In doing so I also extend on previous quantitative works and find that crucial determinants for inflow are signified by the generosity of the welfare state, absence of far right sentiments, and religious diversity. The wealth of a country, its general quality of life, its linguistic and ethnic fractionalization, do not appear to matter.
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Western European Arms Export and Asylum Immigration: A Connection? On the Determinants of Asylum Immigration to Western EuropeEriksson, Lina January 2010 (has links)
My contribution is focused to a modest framework creation for asylum-immigration theory. By means of arms-export data from 17 Western European countries, tested against inflow of asylum seekers to these countries, covering the past 26 years, it is clear that arms-export from these countries do not contribute to their own asylum-inflow. The main theoretical contribution to existing literature on arms export and migration is therefore that I separate plausible causes of outgoing migration (arms export to countries from where asylum flows are generated) from determinants of asylum immigration. Empirically, I disprove such hypothetical indirect connections put forward both within academic literature and by NGOs like Amnesty International. Instead, I find the counter-intuitive, namely that increased arms export leads to less asylum immigration. Also, in contrast to previous literature on asylum immigration, I build on Granovetter (1973) and propose that diffusion of information through asylum networks depend on weak social connections as opposed to close relationships like ethnic bonds, family ties and friendships. In addition, I problematize the tendency of existing literature to treat asylum seekers as labor migrants and argue for a framework founded on principles which account for the unique circumstances and life situations faced by asylum seekers. In doing so I also extend on previous quantitative works and find that crucial determinants for inflow are signified by the generosity of the welfare state, absence of far right sentiments, and religious diversity. The wealth of a country, its general quality of life, its linguistic and ethnic fractionalization, do not appear to matter.
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Aid - Trade Linkages : Analysis of the Trading Costs in the Least Developed CountriesSpetetchi, Stefania January 2012 (has links)
Foreign aid is the subject in development economics that created controversies about its influences on the economy of the recipient countries. This study is an attempt to explain the effects that aid may have on trade, with a focus on the trade costs associated with the creation of business ties. Tied aid creates incentives for the developing countries to keep positive trading relationships with their donors, mainly because of the diminishing trad-ing costs associated with long term contacts. Subsequently, programs related to infra-structure and trade enforcement have been launched, that work towards the integration of the Least Developing Countries into the world economy.This study includes the analysis of the trade flows and foreign aid disbursement be-tween the “Group of Seven” countries (G7) and the Least Developing Countries, for a time span of 22 years (1988-2009). The results show that aid does have a significant ef-fect on the trade flows between the developed and developing countries. The explana-tion to this is related to the trading costs and the infrastructure development that tends to diminish the costs linked to distance- and border-related issues, and the sunk costs of market research and entry. In accordance, the distance coefficient is smaller after 1997, as result of decreased trade costs and increased export flows from recipients to donors.
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Free Electron Density Distribution Of The Milky WayUzun, Nezihe 01 February 2012 (has links) (PDF)
The aim of this study is to determine the free electron density distribution
of the Milky Way Galaxy using dispersion measures of pulsars.
By making use of 1893 Galactic pulsar, 274 supernova remnant and 543 HII
region data, the overall free electron density map of the Galaxy is obtained by
using a 3D mesh-like structure of irregular size.
The main idea behind the study is to treat each 3D section of the Galaxy
privately considering the distance versus dispersion measure graphs of the
pulsars that fall into those sections.
This sectioning procedure is followed using a trial and error method and
results in 348 sections through which free electron densities can be
calculated.
Using linear fits of distance versus dispersion measure graphs, pulsars
that deviate from the curves are investigated and new distances are adopted to
140 of them that are decided to have wrong distance estimates.
By this way both distance values and the free electron densities of the
sections are improved.
In the end, by using the free electron density values of 348 sections, a projected and
cumulative free electron density map of the Galaxy is plotted in polar
coordinates.
This map is compared with three different spiral arm models and it is seen
that the best accordance is with Hou et al. 2009 spiral arm model.
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The Swedish arms trade and the politics of human rights : a comparative case-study of Swedish weapon exports to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the Russian Federation in the year of 2006 /Ericsson, Lina. January 2008 (has links)
Bachelor's thesis. / Format: PDF. Bibl.
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SANE and the Limited Test Ban Treaty of 1963 mobilizing public opinion to shape U.S. foreign policy /Richardson, Erin L. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio University, November, 2009. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.
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Counterproliferation strategy the role of preventive war, preventive strikes, and interdiction /Rak, Claire E. January 2003 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.A.)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2003. / Title from title screen (viewed Jan. 22, 2004). Includes bibliographical references. Also issued in paper format.
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