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Inspired by the barriers to social integration between aboriginals and non-indigenous people in Taiwan, as well as the limitations of representation and participation in national politics, and extending to turn deeply to aboriginal identity recognition and related movements, this dissertation adopts liberalism as grand background and takes scholarly scientific theory constructivism to illustrate the meanings and applicability of discourse analysis method in order to investigate textual materials notably official documents including the Constitution and Acts, press releases as well as academic articles about how those materials describe indigenous peoples. Additionally, through the deployment of practical theories such as (post) colonialism, multiculturalism, representative democracy and deliberative democracy to interpret social and political facts in Taiwan. The author has found that the description of indigenous people in Taiwanese statute through the change from inequitable titles to relatively respectful takes into account the acceptability of aboriginals. The integration of indigenous Taiwanese in society is still persisting and causes troubles for the routine life of aboriginals. Furthermore, it has been observed that the recognition of aboriginal identity hinders the willingness and possibility of indigenous peoples to participate in national politics. Meanwhile, the national global status impact on indigenous peoples has been evident.

Les taux d’insécurité alimentaire (IA) chez les Premières Nations au Canada sont plus élevés que chez les Canadiens de la population générale. L’IA est généralement associée à des apports nutritionnels moins avantageux, toutefois peu d’études se sont penchées sur cette question pour les Premières Nations vivant sur-réserve. Le but de cette recherche est de déterminer, à partir de 550 observations, s’il existe une association entre le niveau de sécurité alimentaire et les apports nutritionnels chez des adultes (> 18 ans) des Premières Nations sur-réserve du Manitoba et d’identifier les types d’aliments qui pourraient expliquer les différences statistiquement significatives. Chez les hommes, aucune des différences statistiquement significatives entre les niveaux de sécurité alimentaire pourraient avoir un effet notable sur la santé nutritionnelle puisque les nutriments en question ne sont pas « à risque » dans la population. Chez les femmes, les apports sont significativement différents entre les niveaux de sécurité alimentaire pour quelques nutriments qui sont « à risque » dans la population. Pour les femmes de 19-30 ans en IA, les apports sont supérieurs en vitamine A, en folate et en calcium. En contraste, les apports sont inférieurs en vitamines A et B6 et en potassium pour les femmes de 31-50 ans en IA, et inférieurs en vitamine B6 pour les femmes de 51-70 ans en IA. Lorsque les apports sont ajustés pour les apports énergétiques, les différences demeurent seulement statistiquement significatives pour la vitamine B6 chez les femmes de 31-50 ans et 51-70 ans. Les groupes d’aliments potentiellement responsables des différences sont identifiés. En conclusion, chez les Premières Nations du Manitoba, peu d’associations statistiquement significatives ont été identifiées entre le niveau de sécurité alimentaire et les apports en nutriments considérés « à risque » dans la population. Ceci est particulièrement le cas après ajustement pour la multiplicité des tests statistiques effectués. / Food insecurity (FI) rates in First Nations of Canada are much higher as compared to Canada’s general population. FI is generally related to lower quality diets, however, few studies have evaluated this in First Nations on-reserve. The goal of this study was to identify, using data from 550 individuals, whether nutrient intakes were related to food security status in Manitoba First Nation adults (>18 years old) on-reserve. Furthermore, the types of foods that could be responsible for the statistically significant differences were identified. In men, none of the significant differences between food security levels could have had an effect on either group’s nutritional health given that these nutrients are not considered « at risk » in the population. As for women, intakes were significantly different between food security groups for a few nutrients at risk in the population. For women 19 to 30 years of age, intakes of vitamin A, folate and calcium were significantly higher in those with FI status. On the other hand, intakes of vitamins A and B6 and potassium were significantly lower in FI 31-50 year old women, and intakes of vitamin B6 were lower in FI 51-70 year old women. Only intakes of vitamin B6 in 31-50 and 51-70 year old women remained significant in the analysis where nutrient intakes are adjusted for energy intakes. Foods that are potentially responsible for these significant differences were identified. In conclusion, few nutrients at risk were significantly associated with food security status in Manitoba First Nations. This is particularly true if statistics are adjusted for the multiple comparisons problem (Bonferroni correction).