?rea de concentra??o: Produ??o vegetal. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-07-24T22:46:05Z No. of bitstreams: 2 savio_coelho_magalhaes.pdf: 1127607 bytes, checksum: 65a14155a765dc5fc4b0bb5d62a0b9b0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-07-28T17:05:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 savio_coelho_magalhaes.pdf: 1127607 bytes, checksum: 65a14155a765dc5fc4b0bb5d62a0b9b0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-28T17:05:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 savio_coelho_magalhaes.pdf: 1127607 bytes, checksum: 65a14155a765dc5fc4b0bb5d62a0b9b0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Os resultados de pesquisa para o pinh?o-manso ainda s?o incipientes, principalmente no que diz respeito ?s suas demandas nutricionais e ?s recomenda??es de aduba??o. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o crescimento e ac?mulo de nutrientes na parte a?rea do pinh?o-manso (Jatropha curcas L.) em dois locais de Minas Gerais. Os experimentos independentes seguiram os mesmos procedimentos, no per?odo de maio de 2010 a mar?o de 2013 e em locais distintos caracterizados a seguir: Latossolo Vermelho distr?fico no munic?pio de Curvelo, MG e o outro, em Neossolo Quartzar?nico ?rtico t?pico no munic?pio de Diamantina, MG. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com tr?s repeti??es, sendo os tratamentos as ?pocas de avalia??o das plantas de pinh?o-manso para ambos os experimentos. As ?pocas de coletas foram de aproximadamente a cada 30 dias a partir do plantio das mudas no campo num per?odo de 1.036 dias que corresponderam a 36 avalia??es. Foram avaliadas a massa seca de folhas, de caule, de frutos e parte a?rea em plantas de pinh?o-manso em cada ?poca de avalia??o, e a partir desses dados foram avaliados os par?metros de crescimento: taxa de crescimento relativo (TCR), taxa de crescimento absoluto (TCA), taxa de crescimento acumulado da cultura (TCAC) e efici?ncia fotossint?tica (EF). Foi feita a correla??o entre as vari?veis clim?ticas e a produ??o de massa seca na parte a?rea. Ap?s as avalia??es de crescimento, as amostras foram preparadas e submetidas ?s an?lises qu?micas do material vegetal dos teores de nutrientes. De acordo com os resultados, pode-se concluir que o crescimento e ac?mulo de nutrientes do pinh?o-manso foram mais acentuados nas condi??es edafoclim?ticas de Curvelo do que em Diamantina. Os par?metros de crescimento TCR, TCA, TCAC e EF s?o ?ndices morfofisiol?gicos importantes que representam e auxiliam o esclarecimento da din?mica do ac?mulo de mat?ria seca pelas plantas de pinh?o-manso. A temperatura ? a vari?vel clim?tica que apresenta uma maior correla??o com a produ??o de massa seca na parte a?rea de plantas de pinh?o-manso. A sequ?ncia de extra??o para os macronutrientes foi: K>Ca>N>P>S>Mg para Diamantina e N>Ca>K>P>Mg>S para Curvelo, e para os micronutrientes a ordem foi: Mn>B>Fe>Zn>Cu para Diamantina e Mn>Fe>B>Zn>Cu para Curvelo na parte a?rea aos 1.036 dias ap?s o plantio das mudas de pinh?o-manso no campo. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / The results of research for physic nut are still incipient, especially with regarding their nutritional demands and fertilization recommendations. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and accumulation of nutrients in shoot of Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) at two sites in Minas Gerais. The independent experiments followed the same procedures, from May 2010 to March 2013 and in distinct places characterized as: Dystrophic Red Latosol in the municipality of Curvelo, MG and the other, in typical Quartzarenic Neosoil in the municipality of Diamantina, MG. The experiments were conducted in a randomized blocks designed with three replicates, with the treatments being the evaluation times of the physic nut plants for both experiments. The collection times were approximately every 30 days from the planting of the seedlings in the field during a period of 1,036 days corresponding to 36 evaluations. The dry matter of leaves, stem, fruits and shoot were evaluated in physic nut plants at each evaluation period, and from these data the growth parameters were evaluated: relative growth rate (TCR), absolute growth rate (TCA), crop cumulative growth rate (TCAC) and photosynthetic efficiency (EF). The correlation between the climatic variables and the dry matter production in shoot was made. After the growth evaluations, the samples were prepared and submitted to the chemical analyzes of the nutrient contents of the plant material. According to the results, it can be concluded that the growth and nutrient accumulation of the physic nut were more accentuated in the edaphoclimatic conditions of Curvelo than in Diamantina. The growth parameters TCR, TCA, TCAC and EF are important morphophysiological indexes that represent and help to clarify the dynamics of the accumulation of dry matter by physic nuThe temperature is the climatic variable that presents a greater correlation with the dry matter production in shoot of physic nut plants. The extraction sequence for macronutrients was: K> Ca> N> P> S> Mg for Diamantina and N> Ca> K> P> Mg> S for Curvelo, and for micronutrients the order was: Mn> B> Fe > Zn> Cu for Diamantina and Mn> Fe> B> Zn> Cu for Curvelo in the shoot at 1,036 days after the planting of the physic nut seedlings in the field.

?rea de concentra??o: Produ??o Vegetal. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-07-20T16:50:56Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) ramony_cristina_lima.pdf: 1020772 bytes, checksum: 85d84a2b7edd648f40efbe63a06180f4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-08-22T13:03:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) ramony_cristina_lima.pdf: 1020772 bytes, checksum: 85d84a2b7edd648f40efbe63a06180f4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T13:03:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) ramony_cristina_lima.pdf: 1020772 bytes, checksum: 85d84a2b7edd648f40efbe63a06180f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 / O cultivo de Physalis peruviana vem crescendo no Brasil em virtude da demanda crescente pelo fruto na ind?stria, culin?ria e ?rea medicinal. Entretanto, as informa??es sobre o manejo nutricional s?o incipientes. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento da planta e o ac?mulo de nutrientes no decorrer do tempo. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG (18?15?S, 43?36?W, 1.250 m). O solo da ?rea experimental foi classificado como Neossolo Quartizar?nico ?rtico t?pico. O experimento foi instalado em blocos casualizados com quatro repeti??es. Os tratamentos foram considerados as ?pocas de colheita das plantas no campo que ocorriam a cada quinze dias. N?o ocorreu nenhum tipo de poda de forma??o, frutifica??o ou renova??o durante o per?odo experimental. A curva de crescimento das plantas, a produtividade de frutos e o ?ndice de colheita foram obtidos pelo ac?mulo de massa seca das folhas, do caule, dos frutos e da parte a?rea. Para o ac?mulo de nutrientes, as amostras foram submetidas ?s an?lises qu?micas para determinar a concentra??o de nutrientes em cada parte da planta. Com o trabalho, concluiu-se que, a fisalis possui crescimento r?pido; o caule apresentou maior ac?mulo de massa seca; o fruto teve mais r?pido ac?mulo de massa seca e de nutrientes que as demais partes vegetativas da planta; o pico de ac?mulo de massa seca dos frutos ? aos 150 dias ap?s o plantio; o ponto m?ximo de ac?mulo de todos os nutrientes foi aos 210 dias ap?s o plantio das mudas. Entre os macronutrientes, a ordem decrescente de ac?mulos na parte a?rea de fisalis foi N > K > Ca > S > P > Mg, j? entre os micronutrientes foi de Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > B. A ordem decrescente para a velocidade do ac?mulo de nutrientes ? Mn > B > P > Zn > Mg > K > S > Cu > N > Fe > Ca. Sendo assim, a aduba??o de cobertura para o N e K pode ser realizada aos 30 dias ap?s o plantio. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2018. / The cultivation of Physalis peruviana has been growing in Brazil due to the increasing demand for fruit in industry, cooking and medicinal area. However, information on nutritional management is incipient. The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of the plant and the accumulation of nutrients over time. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, MG, Brazil (18?15?S, 43?36?W, 1,250 m a.s.l.). Soil of the experimental area was classified as Typic Quartzipsamment. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with four replicates. The treatments were considered the harvest times of the plants in the field, which occurred every fifteen days. There was no pruning, fruiting or renewal during the experiment period. The plant growth curve, fruit yield and harvest index were obtained by the accumulation of dry mass of leaves, stem, fruits and shoot. For the accumulation of nutrients, the samples were submitted to the chemical analyzes to determine the concentration of nutrients in each part of the plant. With the work, it was concluded that, physalis has fast growth; the stem showed greater accumulation of dry mass; the fruit had a faster accumulation of dry mass and nutrients than the other vegetative parts of the plant; the peak of accumulation of fruits dry mass is at 150 days after planting; the maximum accumulation point of all nutrients was at 210 days after planting the seedlings. Among the macronutrients, the decreasing order of accumulations in the shoot of physalis was N> K> Ca> S> P> Mg, whereas the micronutrients were of Fe > Zn> Mn> Cu> B. The decreasing speed for the accumulation of nutrients is Mn > B> E> Zn> Mg> K> S> Cu> N> Fe> Ca. Thus, cover fertilization for N and K can be performed 30 days after planting.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T14:01:56Z No. of bitstreams: 5 9.pdf: 841416 bytes, checksum: d2cb51c094952589e1262227a5e63e23 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T13:14:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 9.pdf: 841416 bytes, checksum: d2cb51c094952589e1262227a5e63e23 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T13:14:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 9.pdf: 841416 bytes, checksum: d2cb51c094952589e1262227a5e63e23 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / O decl?nio da minera??o de diamante na regi?o de Diamantina-MG e entorno, com a interrup??o das buscas e o gradativo esgotamento das minas em opera??o, est? proporcionando a descoberta e a explora??o de maci?os de quartzito, o que ocasiona a degrada??o da vegeta??o existente e do solo, criando um ambiente bastante in?spito ao crescimento de plantas. Este trabalho objetivou caracterizar o rejeito proveniente de ?reas de minera??o de quartzito no munic?pio de Diamantina-MG e entorno, por meio da avalia??o qu?mica e granulom?trica dos rejeitos, bem como avaliar o comportamento de Brachiaria brizantha, Vetiveria zizanioides, Eremanthus erythropappus, Solanum lycocarpum e Dalbergia miscolobium, sob a influ?ncia da aduba??o mineral e org?nica quando cultivada em rejeito da minera??o de quartzito, para apoiar a recupera??o dessas ?reas de explora??o. Para tanto foram montados seis experimentos: no primeiro, foram coletadas 27 amostras compostas, cuidadosamente homogeneizadas, secas ao ar e passadas em peneira de malha de 2,0mm, para posterior caracteriza??o qu?mica e granulom?trica, sendo determinado para cada vari?vel o teor m?nimo, m?ximo, m?dio e mediano; com intervalo de confian?a a 5% para m?dia e coeficiente de varia??o e um estudo da frequ?ncia de ocorr?ncia de resultados por faixa de classifica??o de interpreta??o da fertilidade do solo. Os demais experimentos foram realizados em condi??es de casa de vegeta??o, tiveram os tratamentos dispostos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco combina??es de aduba??o org?nica (AO) e aduba??o mineral (AM) e um tratamento adicional (Controle), com quatro repeti??es. Para as forrageiras de cobertura, a dose recomendada de 100% AM (NPK) e AO (esterco de curral) corresponderam a 50kg ha-1 N, 50kg ha-1 P2O5, 40kg ha-1 K2O e 10 t ha-1 esterco bovino, por dm? de rejeito, sendo avaliados a produ??o total de mat?ria seca, os teores e os conte?dos de nutrientes na parte a?rea e nas ra?zes. Para as esp?cies nativas, a dose recomendada de 100% AM (NPK) e AO (esterco bovino) correspondeu a 150mg de N, 140mg de P, 150mg de K e 5g de esterco, por dm? de rejeito, sendo avaliadas as seguintes vari?veis: altura das mudas, di?metro do caule, massa seca da parte a?rea e de ra?zes, e teor de nutrientes na parte a?rea das mudas. As amostras de rejeito analisadas apresentaram baixos teores de mat?ria org?nica, P, K, Ca e Mg e alta acidez. Os rejeitos apresentaram granulometria que dificulta o crescimento do sistema radicular de plantas, o que indica s?rias restri??es ao estabelecimento de esp?cies vegetais. A B. brizantha cv. Marandu respondeu ? aduba??o mineral e org?nica com as doses recomendadas de 37kg N, 37kg P2O5, 30kg K2O e 2,6t esterco de curral por ha. Enquanto Vetiveria zizanioides respondeu ? aduba??o mineral com as doses correspondentes de 50kg N, 50kg P2O5 e 40kg K2O por ha. Houve resposta das mudas de Eremanthus erythropappus ? aduba??o mineral e org?nica com as doses recomendadas de 0,075g N, 0,35g P2O5 e 0,125g K2O e 2,5g esterco de curral por dm? de rejeito de quartzito. A esp?cie nativa Solanum lycocarpum tamb?m respondeu ? aplica??o da aduba??o org?nica e mineral com as doses recomendadas de 0,036g N, 0,168 g P2O5 e 0,060g K2O e 2,5g esterco de curral por dm? de rejeito de quartzito. J? Dalbergia miscolobium respondeu somente ? aduba??o mineral com as doses recomendadas de 25mg N, 25mg P2O5, 20mg K2O por dm? de rejeito. A aduba??o org?nica e mineral recomendada para aplica??o ao rejeito de quartzito para m?ximo crescimento das mudas e produ??o de mat?ria seca possibilitou obter os teores adequados de nutrientes na parte a?rea das esp?cies estudadas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT The decline in diamond mining in the region of Diamantina-Minas Gerais and its surroundings, with the interruption of the searches and the gradual exhaustion of the mines in operation, is providing the discovery and exploitation of massive quartzite, which causes the degradation of existing vegetation and soil,?creating an environment very inhospitable to plant growth.?This study aimed to characterize the waste from mining areas of quartzite in Diamantina-Minas Gerais and its surroundings, through the evaluation of particle size and chemical wastes, as well as to evaluate the behavior of Brachiaria brizantha, Vetiveria zizanioides, Eremanthus erythropappus, Solanum lycocarpum Dalbergia miscolobium beneath the influence of mineral and organic fertilizer when grown on tailings from mining of quartzite, to support the recovery of these areas of exploration. Therefore, it were assembled six experiments: in the first, 27 composite samples were collected, carefully homogenized, air dried and passed through sieve mesh of 2.0mm for subsequent chemical characterization and particle size was determined for each variable the minimum, maximum, mean and median, confidence interval at 5% for mean and coefficient of variation and a study of the occurrence frequency of results by range of classification for interpretation of soil fertility. Other?experiments were conducted in?greenhouse?conditions,?treatments?were arranged in?completely randomized design?with five?combinations of?organic manure (OM)?and mineral fertilization (MF) and an additional treatment (Control), with four replications. For?forage?coverage,?the recommended dose of?100% MF?(NPK) and OM (manure bovine) corresponded to 50kg ha-1 N, 50kg ha-1 P, 205,40kg K, 20 ha-1 and 10t ha-1 manure by dm??of tailings, and?evaluated?the total production of?dry matter contents?and?nutrient contents?in shoots?and roots. ?For native species, the recommended dose of 100% MF (NPK) and OM (manure) corresponded to 150 mg of N, 140mg P, 150mg K and 5g of dung per dm? of tailings, and evaluated the following variables:?seedling height, stalk diameter, dry mass of shoots and roots, and nutrient contents in shoots of seedlings.?The tailings samples presented low levels of organic matter, P, K, Ca and Mg and high acidity. The tailings particle size showed that hinder the growth of the root system of plants, which indicates serious restrictions on the establishment of plant species. B. brizantha cv. Marandu responded to mineral and organic fertilization with the recommended dose of 37kg N, 37kg P2O5, 30 kg K2O and 2.6 t farmyard manure per hectare. While Vetiveria zizanioides responded to manuring with corresponding doses of 50kg N, 50kg P2O5 and 40 kg K 2O per ha. There was response of seedlings Eremanthus erythropappus at the mineral and organic fertilization with the recommended doses of 0.075 g N, 0.35 g P2O5 and K2O 0.125 g and 2.5 g manure per dm? of tailings quartzite. The native species Solanum lycocarpum also responded to the application of organic and mineral fertilization with the recommended doses of 0.036g N, 0.16 g P 2O5 and K2O 0.060g and 2.5g manure per dm? of tailings quartzite. Have Dalbergia miscolobium responded only to the mineral fertilizer with the recommended doses of 25 mg N, P2O5 25mg, 20mg by K 2O dm? of tailings. The organic and mineral fertilization recommended for application to reject quartzite for maximum plant growth and dry matter production allowed to obtain appropriate levels of nutrients in the shoots of the species.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2016-08-02T15:28:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Jos? Ricardo Rodrigues.pdf: 671360 bytes, checksum: 163613a34921ea149eaf10dca803e787 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T15:28:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Jos? Ricardo Rodrigues.pdf: 671360 bytes, checksum: 163613a34921ea149eaf10dca803e787 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-27 / Field experiments were conducted at Sistema Integrado de Produ??o Agroecol?gica - SIPA ? (?Fazendinha Agroecol?gica Km 47?), in Serop?dica, lowland region of Rio de Janeiro state, to evaluate the agronomical performance of organic farming potato cultivars. In the first year six potato genotyps were evaluated representing two groups: one half of them (?Opaline?, ?Eden? and ?Asterix?) with double fitnesss, and the other three (?Casteline?, ?Florice? and ?Monalisa?) specifically for cooking purpose. In the second year, ?Asterix? and ?Monalisa?, selected from the previous experiment, were compared under different organic fertilization levels (0, 200 e 400kg de N total ha-1). For a Cropping growth rate and liquid assimilation rate of ?Asterix? remained higher for a longer period resulting in an increased yield compared to the other five cultivars. ?Asterix? yielded 23,07Mg.ha-1 while the overall mean yielded for the rest of cultivars reached 13,97Mg.ha-1with no significant differences between their values. However, cultivar ?Asterix? was distinguished by the enhanced proportion of tuber sized in typs I and II (10.93Mg.ha-1) having better commercial acceptance. Although not matching ?Asterix?, all the other potato cultivars performed satisfactorily under the adopted organic management, demonstrating potential of the crop for the region during the dry and colder season. / Com o objetivo de avaliar o desempenho produtivo de diferentes gen?tipos de batata, no sistema org?nico de cultivo, foram conduzidos experimentos em dois anos consecutivos no Sistema Integrado de Produ??o Agroecol?gica (SIPA - ?Fazendinha Agroecol?gica Km 47?), localizado na Baixada Fluminense (munic?pio de Serop?dica/RJ). No primeiro ano, foram testados seis gen?tipos de batata pertencentes a dois diferentes grupos quanto ? finalidade de uso: tr?s de dupla finalidade (?Opaline?, ?Eden? e ?Asterix?), e tr?s destinados especificamente para cozimento (?Casteline?, ?Florice? e ?Monalisa?). No segundo ano, foram avaliadas duas cultivares: Asterix e Monalisa, selecionadas a partir do experimento anterior e submetidas a tr?s n?veis de aduba??o org?nica, ? base de esterco bovino (0, 200 e 400kg de N total ha-1). O preparo do solo foi realizado com aux?lio de enxada rotativa e posterior encanteiramento. As batatas foram plantadas a intervalos de 0,30m, em dois sulcos espa?ados de 0,70m entre si. Foram efetuadas sete coletas de plantas para determinar medidas biom?tricas, que expressam produtividade, aos 20, 27, 34, 41, 48, 55 e 62 dias ap?s o plantio (DAP). Ao final do ciclo, foram avaliados os teores de N, P, K, Ca e Mg, a produ??o comercial e caracter?sticas do tub?rculo (peso m?dio, di?metro equatorial e comprimento). No primeiro ensaio a cultivar Asterix obteve valores de taxa de crescimento da cultura (TCC) e de taxa de assimila??o l?quida (TAL) superiores e mais duradouros, o que se refletiu em produtividade mais alta do que a das demais cultivares. O rendimento da cultivar ?Asterix? alcan?ou 23,07Mg.ha-1 enquanto as demais cultivares obtiveram uma m?dia geral de 13,97Mg.ha-1. No segundo ano houve diferen?a estat?stica para o car?ter rendimento: a cultivar ?Asterix? produziu 17,42Mg.ha-1 enquanto a cultivar ?Monalisa? produziu 14,70Mg.ha-1 . A cultivar ?Asterix? tamb?m se destacou pela maior quantidade de tub?rculos dos tipos I e II (10,93Mg.ha-1), com melhores caracter?sticas para o mercado. N?o obstante o comportamento inferior ao da cultivar Asterix, as demais cultivares obtiveram rendimento agron?mico satisfat?rio sob o manejo org?nico adotado, demonstrando potencial para as condi??es edafoclim?ticas da Baixada Fluminense, respeitando-se o per?odo de plantio de outono/inverno/primavera.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:34:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoVEN_DISSERT.pdf: 2633777 bytes, checksum: a59b41665f97067cdafb895c7d67745c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-16 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / He aim of this study was to evaluate the structural characters, herbage accumulation, nutritive value and performance of sheep in different tropical pastures. The treatments were two cultivars and two of the genera Panicum Brachiaria pastures under intermittent stocking and variable stocking rate, in the rainy season. We evaluated the masses and the components of herbage pre grazing in two layers, and after grazing. Chemical analyzes were made of the stems and leaf blades pre grazing in two layers. We used 48 male sheep and whole for the assessment of individual weight gain and area, and anestrous females to adjust the stocking rate. In the cv. Massai showed the highest herbage mass, leaf blades and dead material, and the largest volume density and leaf blade: stem pre grazing. There was no difference among cultivars for the percentage of leaf blade (PLB) in both strata, but the higher the PLB was higher than the bottom. The highest percentage of dead material (PDM) was observed in cvs. Massai and Marandu in the two strata. In cvs. Massai and Piat? were observed lower levels of crude protein in stem and leaf. In stratum 0-25 cm lower nutritional value was observed in the stem in the leaf blades did not grant the nutritional value among the strata. Herbage mass, leaf blade, PLB and proportion of stem in the residue of the Massai pastures were higher than cv. Aruana. There was no difference for efficiencies in harvest leaf and stem between the cultivars. The cv. Massai got the higher accumulation of leaf per cycle per day. Animals kept in grass swards Aruana had the highest average daily gain. The higher stocking rates and earnings per area were observed in grass swards and Marandu Massai. The cultivars are suitable for sheep meat production in the rainy season / O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os caracteres estruturais, o ac?mulo de forragem, o valor nutritivo e o desempenho de ovinos em diferentes pastagens tropicais. Os tratamentos constitu?ram em duas cultivares dos g?neros Panicum e duas de Brachiaria, manejadas sob lota??o intermitente e taxa de lota??o vari?vel, na ?poca das ?guas. Foram avaliadas as massas e os componentes da forragem no pr? pastejo em dois estratos, e no p?s pastejo. Foram feitas an?lises bromatol?gicas dos colmos e das l?minas foliares no pr? pastejo em dois estratos. Utilizou-se 48 ovinos machos e inteiros para a avalia??o do ganho de peso individual e por ?rea, al?m de f?meas em anestro para ajuste na taxa de lota??o. Na cv. Massai foram observadas as maiores massa de forragem, de l?minas foliares e de material morto, al?m da maior densidade volum?trica e rela??o l?mina foliar:colmo no pr? pastejo. N?o houve diferen?a entre as cultivares para o percentual de l?minas foliares (PLF) em ambos os estratos, por?m o PLF no superior foi maior que no inferior. O maior percentual de material morto (PMM) foi observado nas cvs. Massai e Marandu nos dois estratos. Nas cvs. Massai e Piat? foram observados os menores teores de prote?na bruta no colmo e na l?mina foliar. No estrato de 0 25 cm foi observado menor valor nutritivo no colmo, nas l?minas foliares o valor nutritivo n?o deferiu entre os estratos. A massa de forragem, de l?mina foliar, PLF e propor??o de colmo no res?duo dos pastos de Massai foram superiores aos da cv. Aruana. N?o houve diferen?a para as efici?ncias na colheita de l?mina foliar e colmo entre as cultivares estudadas. A cv. Massai obteve os maiores ac?mulos de l?mina foliar por ciclo e por dia. Os animais mantidos em pastos de capim Aruana obtiveram os maiores ganhos m?dios di?rios. As maiores taxas de lota??o e ganhos por ?rea foram observadas nos pastos de capim Massai e Marandu. As cultivares testadas s?o adequadas a produ??o de carne ovina na ?poca das ?guas

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T19:39:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007 - Sergio Trabali Camargo Filho.pdf: 4423367 bytes, checksum: 827592ba3f6a9d37da8d784b6ae6ffe8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-18 / The environmental conditions of light, temperature and water availability, along with grazing, are major factors establishing growth and phenology of forage species. The climatic effects imprint dynamics specific to pasture ecosystems, which are generally referred as "seasonality of the pasture." This study was set in an area of Fragiudult soil, located in Serop?dica municipality, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The experiment began with a cut to make uniform the pasture at the height of 0.05 m, in February 2002. The aim was to determine the influence of climatic and genotypes factors in the expression of features of production, also the partition of carbon and nutrients in the aerial and ground parts of the perennial grasses Cynodon nlemfuensis (stargrass Puerto Rico); Cynodon spp (Tifton-85 grass); Digitaria swazilandensis (swazi grass) and Digitaria decumbens cv. Transvala (Transvala grass). Two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study: i) in the drier periods of the year, the fodder allocate more carbon and nutrients in roots than in the aerial parts of the plants; ii) the species have more or less plasticity to respond to seasonal climatic fluctuations, and periodic defoliation, evidencing differential adaptive capabilities. To check these possibilities, it was used a simple strategy trial, where, from the cut for uniformity, there were evaluated eight periods, between 03/26/02 and 01/14/03, at intervals of 42 days, sampling material of aerial and root fitomass. After processing the samples, the fresh and air dry mass were determined (kg ha-1). In the root system, the accumulation and distribution of dry weight, and the length and surface area of roots to the depth of 1.0 m were determined, by sequential extraction of monoliths (1.0 dm3) from the wall of a soil trench. In sub-samples of dried and grinded aerial parts and roots, the levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium (g kg-1) were quantified. The results showed that: regardless of forage species, the root:shoot ratio (based on dry fitomass in standing fluctuated seasonally, with higher values in the dryer months of the year, and smaller in the months of highest rainfall; the species varied in their responses, evidencing the existence of phenotypic plasticity for attributes of production (accumulation of forage and root mass) and adaptive (length and specific root area), with the Tifton-85 grass outstanding by the level of productivity and stability; the magnitude of the differences between the species was controlled by the water availability, and it was amplified in the periods of increased rainfall and reduced in driest periods. The concentration of nutrients, in aerial and root biomass, responses were varied according to the nutrient, but, in general, the more nutrient concentrated in Digitaria that Cynodon, observation which was also valid for the quality of fiber. Already, the Cynodon accumulated more nutrients that Digitaria per unit area. For the relations of concentrations and accumulation of nutrients roots: shoot had little effect on the grasses and a rule, during dried periods was higher than those of rainfall period. Finally, each grass has its own dynamic in relations soil-plant-atmosphere, showing once again the different adaptive responses of these grasses. / As condi??es ambientais de luz, temperatura, disponibilidade h?drica e de nutrientes, junto com o pastejo, s?o os principais moduladores do crescimento e fenologia das esp?cies forrageiras. Os efeitos clim?ticos imprimem din?micas espec?ficas ao ecossistema pastoril, que s?o geralmente referidas como sazonalidade das pastagens . O presente trabalho foi realizado em uma ?rea de solo Planossolo, localizada no munic?pio de Serop?dica, RJ. O prop?sito foi o de determinar a influ?ncia dos fatores clim?ticos e genot?picos na express?o de caracter?sticas produtivas; assim como na parti??o de carbono e nutrientes entre as por??es a?reas e subterr?neas das gram?neas perenes Cynodon nlemfuensis (capim-Estrela Porto Rico); Cynodon spp (capim-Tifton-85); Digitaria swazilandensis (capim-su?zi) e Digitaria decumbens cv. Transvala (capim-Transvala). Foram formuladas duas hip?teses para orientar o trabalho: i) nos per?odos mais secos do ano, os capins alocam mais carbono e nutrientes nas ra?zes do que na parte a?rea; ii) os capins possuem maior ou menor plasticidade para responder ?s oscila??es clim?ticas sazonais e ? desfolha peri?dicas, evidenciando capacidades adaptativas diferenciais. Para verificar essas possibilidades, usou-se uma estrat?gia experimental simples, onde, a partir do corte de uniformiza??o, foram avaliados oito per?odos de crescimento, entre 26/03/02 e 14/01/03, a intervalos de 42 dias, com amostragens de fitomassa de parte a?rea e radicular. Ap?s processamento das amostras, foram determinadas a massa verde e massa seca da parte a?rea (kg ha-1). No sistema radicular, foram determinados o ac?mulo e a distribui??o da massa seca, al?m do comprimento e ?rea superficial das ra?zes at? a profundidade de 1,0 m, pela extra??o seq?encial de mon?litos (1,0 dm3) a partir da parede de uma trincheira de solo. Em sub-amostras secas e mo?das de parte a?rea e ra?zes foram determinados os teores de nitrog?nio, f?sforo, c?lcio e magn?sio (g kg-1). Os resultados obtidos permitiram observar que: independentemente do capim, a rela??o raiz: parte a?rea oscilou sazonalmente, tendo maiores valores nos meses mais secos do ano e menores nos meses de maior pluviosidade; os capins variaram as suas respostas, evidenciando a exist?ncia de plasticidade fenot?pica para atributos produtivos (ac?mulos de forragem e massa radicular) e adaptativos (comprimento espec?fico e ?rea radicular), tendo o capim-Tifton-85 se sobressa?do pelo n?vel de produtividade e estabilidade; a magnitude das diferen?as entre os capins foi controlada pela disponibilidade de ?gua, sendo amplificada nos per?odos de maior pluviosidade e reduzida nos per?odos mais secos. A concentra??o de nutrientes, tanto da fitomassa a?rea como da fitomassa radicular, tiveram respostas variadas de acordo com o nutriente, mas, de um modo geral, as Digitaria concentraram mais nutrientes que os Cynodon, observa??o que tamb?m foi v?lida para a qualidade da fibra. J?, os Cynodon acumularam mais nutrientes que as Digitaria por unidade de ?rea. Para as rela??es das concentra??es e ac?mulos de nutrientes ra?zes: parte a?rea teve poucos efeitos para os capins e, em geral no per?odo seco foram superiores aos dos per?odos chuvosos. Por fim, cada capim estabeleceu sua pr?pria din?mica nas rela??es solo-planta-atmosfera, evidenciando mais uma vez as diferentes respostas adaptativas destas gram?neas forrageiras.