The new changes such as developments in transportation and communication technology, globalization of markets, intensification of flow of information, ideas and innovations since the 1980s have helped to increase the interaction between urban and rural and this process have had very important impact on the resemblance process of rural areas to urban areas with some characteristics, vice versa. Therefore the process have had an effect on the blurring strict distinction between urban and rural in worldwide. The new rurality approach has been main approach in the thesis that has tried to explain the new features of rural areas. It has focused on what has been happenning in rural areas and drawn attention to changes in rural areas which was previously ignored or overemphasized. The approach took five main changing features of rural areas as central focus which were non-farm activities, role of women, entrepreneurship, in-migration, division of labour and also urban-rural interaction. Therefore, the observed changes caused to draw attention to the question of is rural still the opposite of urban? In this respect, the effects of the increased relationships between urban and rural on rural areas in terms of getting new characteristics that new rurality approach explained were investigated by handling two case studies / Gedelek and Kus&ccedil / uali Villages in Turkey.

Erdogmus-Yenigediz graben is one of the major structural elements of Aksehir-Simav Fault System (ASFS), which is a major extensional structure in the southwestern Anatolian extensional neotectonic province (SWAEP). It is about 6-10-km-wide, 15-km-long and approximately ENE-trending and is actively growing structure as indicated by the 1970.03.28 (Mw= 7.2) Gediz earthquake. The graben is characterized by two distinct units, separated by an angular unconformity: (i) Miocene-middle Pliocene Arica formation and (ii) Plio Quaternary Erdogmus formation. The former unit commences with a basal conglomerate above the basement rocks and is composed mainly of coal-bearing continental and lacustrine sediments with lava flows and pyroclastics, particularly common in the middle parts of the sequence. The volcanics are dated at 18.4 &plusmn / 0.1 Ma (Ar-Ar mica ages). They record evidence for two deformation phases as suggested by twosets of overprinting slickenlines, intense folding, thrust and strike-slip faulting. The Erdogmus formation commences with terrace conglomerates and is composed mainly of travertines, older and younger alluvial deposits, fan-apron sediments and the recent axial graben floor sediments. Kinematic analysis of the graben-bounding normal faults, growth faults within the graben-infill and those deforming the sediments are consistent with three distinct phases of deformation: (i) Miocene middle Pliocene extensional phase, (ii) interveining NE SW contractional phase and (iii) Plio-Quaternary extensional phase. The data also suggests a distributed stress field and a multi-directional recent extension in predominantly NNE&ndash / SSW, E&ndash / W and NE&ndash / SW directions. This is also consistent with available focal mechanism solutions for the region. The graben therefore has an episodic evolutionary history with two extensional phases and an intervening short-term contraction, as described in many different parts of the SWAEP. The latter phase of extension is considered as the part of Neotectonic regime, which therefore commenced by the Late Pliocene.

When rural settlements are examined in Anatolia, an evolution process from the prehistoric times could be observed rather than a radical change, about the building architecture and settlement pattern qualities. However, it is, in fact, a chronic discussion subject between the authorities that this case is a result of an inheritance of a building tradition from the predecessors to successors of the society or a reproduction of the similar spatial fiction after the same factors and inputs. The case of Fenaket rural settlement, which is situated at the western part of the Bozburun peninsula, maintains parallel characteristics, and stays within the limits of this discussion, by its vernacular architecture and spatial arrangement. The purpose of this research is to analyze and to document the vernacular dwellings and settlement pattern of abandoned Fenaket Village / to identify the evolution and the evaluation process of the megaroid houses of Fenaket / and to develop the means for sustaining this traditional example.

The aim of the study is to discuss and determine the property relations, development patterns and major agents at S&ouml / g&uuml / t&ouml / z&uuml / region in Ankara, where is claimed to be new central business node, developing with ultimate architectural, constructional efforts and highly sophisticated land speculations. Rapid transformation in characteristic of S&ouml / g&uuml / t&ouml / z&uuml / region from agricultural use to commercial uses at twenty years does not only display contemporary space creation efforts, but also shows tendencies of private entrepreneurs in Ankara. Increasing commercial activities on the land and introduce of new modes of interaction patterns, which are related with the rise of private property in neo-liberal era after 1980, also brings out changing protocols on property ownership patterns. In this context, S&ouml / g&uuml / t&ouml / z&uuml / case is related with discourses about repositioning of private initiatives on urban issues. However this becomes critical, when reconsidering, the capital city was designed to be modern cradle of republic by the public comprehensive planning initiatives. The current situation at the region is bringing new sets of confronting concepts between comprehensive planning approaches and property capital&rsquo / s space creation methods. Figuring out basics of space creation agencies and achieving appropriate design guidelines at S&ouml / g&uuml / t&ouml / z&uuml / may not only provide efficient well-growth of the specific sector of the city, but also bring out alternative solutions to achieve urban compromise in Ankara. For that reason, determinations on property formation, physical developments at S&ouml / g&uuml / t&ouml / z&uuml / should be studied in historical context.

THE THESIS STUDY AIMS TO UNDERSTAND AND INVESTIGATE THE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN PROCESS BY UTILIZING THE CHARACTERISTICS AND TYPES OF ANOTHER FIELD, GAME. THE STEPS TAKEN IN ORDER TO ACCOMPLISH THIS AIM ARE &#039 / ANALYZING GAME, ITS PROPERTIES, AND TYPES&#039 / , &#039 / RE-READING AND UNDERSTANDING ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN PROCESS BY INVESTIGATING THE SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES WITH GAME TYPES IN ORDER TO END UP WITH INFORMATIVE, UNDERSTANDABLE TABULAR RESULTS&#039 / , RESPECTIVELY.

In this thesis, two ultrasonic timing methods are used in order to investigate the accuracy and reliability of measurements for surface breaking cracks having different orientations and heights. Also the best applicable measurement technique is searched by comparing the received test results. These methods are the Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Method using diffraction of longitudinal waves and another method using the reflection of shear waves from the crack tips. In order to simulate and measure the height of surface breaking cracks three sets of test blocks from steel, and two sets of wedges from plexiglas material are manufactured. Also several probes having frequencies of 2Mhz, 4Mhz, 5Mhz and angles of 45o and 70o are used. Some test procedures are created to make realistic comparisons between the test results and the ones found by previous studies in literature. The results are compared according to the standard deviations of errors in crack height measurements and it is found that the depth, orientation of defects and the frequency of probes have considerable affect on the results. With wider probe angles and higher frequencies of probes to some extent the errors are observed to be running low and the height of cracks could be measured closer to the original size. The amount of the errors is increased in measurements with the increasing angle of cracks. The results of both methods are found to be very satisfactory. A range of &plusmn / 0.5 mm for means of error from the original vertical crack heights is determined. The results agree with the previous studies.

Product form is the principal factor that affects the consumer response. It influences the consumer preferences in many ways and affects the success of the product in the market. The response is moderated by several influences including individual tastes and preferences, personal characteristics, cultural and social context and other situational factors. The purpose of this study is to find whether gender as a personal characteristics, has an influential effect on the perception of the product form. A survey was conducted with a sample set of mobile phones. To quantify the participants&amp / #8217 / perceptions, semantic differential method was used in which participants were asked to rate characteristics over a set of opposite adjective pairs. It is found out that, with respect to particular adjectives, responses to product form might be significantly different for males and females.

El contexto de globalización económica y de integraciones regionales impulsó una renovación de los instrumentos lingüísticos académicos. Esta renovación vino de la mano de un aparente cambio en el interés político y teórico de la Real Academia Española capaz de representar el estatuto de lengua internacional del español. En el presente artículo examinamos los discursos que la Academia elaboró en los últimos años con el fin de convalidar sus instrumentos normativos. Para ello, analizamos la Nueva política lingüística panhispánica,documento que expresa las principales líneas de esta nueva política sobre el español, el Diccionario panhispánico de dudas y la Prepublicación de la Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española en tanto manifestaciones concretas de dicha política. Concluimos que la nueva política lingüística panhispánicaresulta ser más una operación discursiva que otra cosa. En efecto, lejos de fomentar una distribución equitativa y multilateral de las funciones en la estructura organizativa, continúan reproduciéndose las antiguas jerarquíasen la toma de decisiones, sosteniendo una clara centralización en los procesos de estandarización en el mundo hispánico. -- The context of the economical globalization and the regional integration has promoted a renovation of the linguistic devices used by the Royal Academy of the Spanish Language. This renovation came along with an apparent turn in the political and theoretical interests of the Academy —institution that iscapable of representing the statute of Spanish as an international language. In this article, we examine the discourses that the Academy devised in the last few years in order to validate their normative devices. In that sense,we analyze the Nueva política lingüística panhispánica —document that depicts the principal outlines of this new policy regarding Spanish—, and the Diccionario panhispánico de dudas and the Prepublicación de la Nueva Gramática de la Lengua Española as concrete manifestations of that policy.We conclude that the new Panhispanic language policy turns out to be more a discursive operation rather than anything else. Indeed, instead of endorsing an equitable and multilateral distribution of the functions of the organizational structure, they continue to reproduce ancient hierarchies in the decision making, supporting that way a clear centralization of thestandardization in the Hispanic world.

This thesis deals with the didactic analysis of the curriculum on Value Added Tax, which is taught in the subject of economics at the business academies. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part is devoted to the description of secondary vocational education in the Czech Republic and the general characteristics of the subject of economics. This introduction is followed by the part, in which it is done processing the curriculum of the Value Added Tax as a theoretical basis for teaching. In the next part of the thesis are designed practical examples used to verify and practice students' knowledge. The final part focuses on the design process each selected classes and their specific form and structure.

The Master Thesis deals with the problem of didactical processing of the curriculum of economic integration and European Union for business academies. The main goal of this work is to bring useful output which should make the process of teaching this topic easier for teachers. The work is divided into two parts. The theoretical part is devoted to analyzing law regulations and educational programs which should lead to defining necessary requirements for teaching this topic. The practical part builds on the theoretical outcome. A theoretical presentation of the topic of economic integration and European Union is presented at the beginning of the practical part. Afterwards, the practical part focuses on creating a database of questions and tasks for practicing and evaluating students knowledge of this topic. In addition, results of a questionnaire research are presented afterwards. The research was conducted among the teachers and students of Karlínská Business Academy in Prague 8 who received the output of this work. The work is finished with a conclusion connected with a recommendation which was gained during the process of creating this Master Thesis.