The rapid disposal of products has detrimental effects on environment which is increasing resource consumption for the production of new products, along with the waste production. Therefore, designing long lasting products has great importance for achieving sustainable consumption and production. The present study analyzes the implications of an approach called post-use design thinking for achieving sustainable consumption and production through product longevity. To explore that approach, two educational industrial design projects are analyzed throughout the study. The results suggest that post-use design thinking should be considered at the early stages of the design process. The idea generation exercises developed specifically for this design thinking seem to be helpful in generating design solutions for post-use phase. The results also indicate that the post-use design thinking is feasible in terms of design and production for glass packaging products, which is the specific case analyzed throughout the research.

In this thesis, an attitude control system based on Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) technique is developed for a hypothetical Earth observation satellite with a long flexible boom. To improve pointing performance of the satellite, the piezoelectric actuators are used as well. The boom is rectangular made of aluminum with the surface bonded piezoelectric layers on all four surfaces. The boom is modeled using finite elements. The pointing performance of the satellite using various metrics is evaluated through simulations. Effectiveness of the piezoelectric actuators is demonstrated.

Pyrite (FeS2) is commonly present in complex sulphide ores in significant amounts. After the enrichment of such ores by flotation, pyrite is either produced as a separate concentrate and sold to acid manufactures or removed and disposed off as tailing. Due to lack of demand from manufacturers, most of pyrites is usually disposed off as tailing. Therefore, pyrite is usually a waste from complex sulphide ores. Yet, it may be a remediation additive for calcareous soils and calcareous- alkali soils deficient in Fe and other micronutrients such as Cu, Zn and Mn. Waste pyrite may be also an alternative amendment to gypsum because of the production of sulphuric acid which is effectively used in the reclamation of calcareous alkali soils. The effectiveness of adding waste pyrite and sulphuric acid produced from waste pyrite to calcareous-alkali soil (Sarayk&ouml / y-Ankara) and calcareous soil (Gaziantep) was studied under laboratory conditions. Pure gypsum was also used as an amendment for the comparison of the effectiveness of waste pyrite in the reclamation of alkali soils. Gypsum, powder waste pyrite and sulphuric acid were applied to the soil with reference to the gypsum requirement (GR) of the soils. Greenhouse pot tests were carried out with wheat as test plant to determine the effect of waste pyrite treatment on the plant yield (wheat) and on the amount of micronutrient (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn) essential for plant growth. Hazard potential of pyritic tailings in terms of heavy metal contamination was also taken into account. The results showed that the soil pH and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), indicators of alkalization, decreased upon pyrite addition to calcareous- alkali soils of Sarayk&ouml / y-Ankara. It was also found that pyritic tailings were effective in the increasing level of essential micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn) for plant growth in both soils. This was ascertained by the dry matter yield of the plants in the green house pot tests. Heavy metal toxicity caused by pyrite which is a rightful concern remained well below the legal limits in the soils. Thus, it was concluded that the application of pyritic tailings promoted rapid amelioration of calcareous-alkali soil (Sarayk&ouml / y-Ankara) and calcareous soil (Gaziantep) with no deleterious heavy metal contamination.

The aim of this work is to analytically treat the dynamic ion behavior during the evolution of the ion matrix sheath, considering the industrial application plasma source ion implantation for both planar and cylindrical targets, and then to de-velop a code that simulates this dynamic ion behavior numerically. If the sepa-ration between the electrodes in a discharge tube is small, upon the application of a large potential between the electrodes, an ion matrix sheath is formed, which fills the whole inter-electrode space. After a short time, the ion matrix sheath starts moving towards the cathode and disappears there. Two regions are formed as the matrix sheath evolves. The potential profiles of these two regions are derived and the ion flux on the cathode is estimated. Then, by us-ing the finite-differences method, the problem is simulated numerically. It has been seen that the results of both analytical calculations and numerical simula-tions are in a good agreement.

INTRODUÇÃO: A globalização da pesquisa clínica no mundo está fortemente ligada ao processo de internacionalização e terceirização de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) da indústria farmacêutica. A escolha do local de sua execução envolve considerações sobre custo, recrutamento de pacientes, infraestrutura e ambiente ético-regulatório em pesquisa científica. O Brasil tem cenário favorável para condução da pesquisa clínica por apresentar grande massa populacional, com população heterogênea, além de alta incidência de doenças, condições climáticas distintas, médicos capacitados, adequada estrutura de centros de pesquisas e, principalmente, observância dos princípios de boas práticas clínicas. Entretanto são escassos os dados de modelos de gerenciamento aplicados aos centros de pesquisa no país.Influenciada por esse contexto, esta dissertação propõe desenvolver um modelo para o gerenciamento de projetos de pesquisa no cenário público-privado e privado. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal prospectivo com aplicação de um questionário específico para centros de pesquisa no país. Este instrumento avaliou a aplicação prática das dez áreas de conhecimento (gerenciamento da integração, do escopo, do tempo, de custos, de qualidade, de recursos humanos, de comunicações, de riscos, de aquisições e partes interessadas) do Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK®) com relação à prática diária da pesquisa clínica nos centros de pesquisa do país. RESULTADOS: 55 centros responderam ao questionário completo. Em 37 deles (67,3%) o profissional com o cargo de gerente de projetos é inexistente; não há escritório de gerenciamento de projetos (EGP) em 41 centros (74,5%). O controle de despesas e receitas é realizado por 50 centros (90,9%), porém 28(50,9%) realizam avaliação da rentabilidade. Quanto ao gerenciamento da qualidade, 28 centros (50,9%) não têm parâmetros de qualidade implantados e 11 (40,7%) não realizam auditoria interna. Falhas de comunicação estão presentes em 48 centros (87,2%). A partir da avaliação da aplicação prática das dez áreas de conhecimento do Guia PMBOK® foi desenvolvido o modelo de gerenciamento de projetos com aplicabilidade dos conceitos, ferramentas e técnicas aos centros de pesquisa clínica.CONCLUSÕES: Com a aplicação deste modelo, é possível que os centros tenham uma melhor definição do escopo de cada projeto, que os custos e prazos possuam baixa margem de variabilidade, que se estabeleça uma boa comunicação entre as partes envolvidas e que o impacto econômico do gerenciamento possa ser reconhecido. / INTRODUCTION: The globalization of clinical research in the world is strongly linked to the internationalization and outsourcing process of research and development (R&D) of the pharmaceutical industry and the place of implementation choice involves considerations about cost, patient recruitment, infrastructure and ethical- regulatory framework in scientific research. Brazil has a favorable scenario for conducting clinical research because it has a large population, with a heterogeneous population, high incidence of diseases, different climatic conditions, trained physicians, adequate structure of research centers and mainly compliance with the principles of good clinical practice. However, data on management models applied to research centers in Brazil are scarce. Influenced by this context, this dissertation proposes to develop a model for the management of research projects, in the public-private and private scenarios. METHODS: This was a prospective cross - sectional study with the application of a specific questionnaire for research centers in the country. This instrument evaluated the practical application of the 10 areas of knowledge (management of integration, scope, time, costs, quality, human resources, communications, risks, acquisitions and stakeholders) of Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK®) in relation to the daily practice of clinical research in the country's research centers. RESULTS: 55 centers answered the complete questionnaire. The professional with the position of project manager does not exist in more than half of the active centers in the country 37 (67.3%); there is no project management office (EGP) in 41 (74.5%) centers. The control of expenses and revenues is carried out by 50 (90.9%) centers; however, 28 (50.9%) carry out an evaluation of the profitability. Regarding quality management, 28 (50.9%) did not have quality parameters implanted and 11 (40.7%) did not perform internal audit. Communication failures are present in 48 (87.2%) centers. Based on the evaluation of the practical application of the 10 knowledge areas of the PMBOK® Guide, the project management model was developed with applicability of concepts, tools and techniques to clinical research centers. CONCLUSIONS: With the application of this model, it is possible that the centers have a better definition of the scope of each project, the costs and deadlines have a low margin of variability, a good communication between the parties is established and the economic impact of the management can be recognized.

INTRODUÇÃO: A globalização da pesquisa clínica no mundo está fortemente ligada ao processo de internacionalização e terceirização de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) da indústria farmacêutica. A escolha do local de sua execução envolve considerações sobre custo, recrutamento de pacientes, infraestrutura e ambiente ético-regulatório em pesquisa científica. O Brasil tem cenário favorável para condução da pesquisa clínica por apresentar grande massa populacional, com população heterogênea, além de alta incidência de doenças, condições climáticas distintas, médicos capacitados, adequada estrutura de centros de pesquisas e, principalmente, observância dos princípios de boas práticas clínicas. Entretanto são escassos os dados de modelos de gerenciamento aplicados aos centros de pesquisa no país.Influenciada por esse contexto, esta dissertação propõe desenvolver um modelo para o gerenciamento de projetos de pesquisa no cenário público-privado e privado. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal prospectivo com aplicação de um questionário específico para centros de pesquisa no país. Este instrumento avaliou a aplicação prática das dez áreas de conhecimento (gerenciamento da integração, do escopo, do tempo, de custos, de qualidade, de recursos humanos, de comunicações, de riscos, de aquisições e partes interessadas) do Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK®) com relação à prática diária da pesquisa clínica nos centros de pesquisa do país. RESULTADOS: 55 centros responderam ao questionário completo. Em 37 deles (67,3%) o profissional com o cargo de gerente de projetos é inexistente; não há escritório de gerenciamento de projetos (EGP) em 41 centros (74,5%). O controle de despesas e receitas é realizado por 50 centros (90,9%), porém 28(50,9%) realizam avaliação da rentabilidade. Quanto ao gerenciamento da qualidade, 28 centros (50,9%) não têm parâmetros de qualidade implantados e 11 (40,7%) não realizam auditoria interna. Falhas de comunicação estão presentes em 48 centros (87,2%). A partir da avaliação da aplicação prática das dez áreas de conhecimento do Guia PMBOK® foi desenvolvido o modelo de gerenciamento de projetos com aplicabilidade dos conceitos, ferramentas e técnicas aos centros de pesquisa clínica.CONCLUSÕES: Com a aplicação deste modelo, é possível que os centros tenham uma melhor definição do escopo de cada projeto, que os custos e prazos possuam baixa margem de variabilidade, que se estabeleça uma boa comunicação entre as partes envolvidas e que o impacto econômico do gerenciamento possa ser reconhecido. / INTRODUCTION: The globalization of clinical research in the world is strongly linked to the internationalization and outsourcing process of research and development (R&D) of the pharmaceutical industry and the place of implementation choice involves considerations about cost, patient recruitment, infrastructure and ethical- regulatory framework in scientific research. Brazil has a favorable scenario for conducting clinical research because it has a large population, with a heterogeneous population, high incidence of diseases, different climatic conditions, trained physicians, adequate structure of research centers and mainly compliance with the principles of good clinical practice. However, data on management models applied to research centers in Brazil are scarce. Influenced by this context, this dissertation proposes to develop a model for the management of research projects, in the public-private and private scenarios. METHODS: This was a prospective cross - sectional study with the application of a specific questionnaire for research centers in the country. This instrument evaluated the practical application of the 10 areas of knowledge (management of integration, scope, time, costs, quality, human resources, communications, risks, acquisitions and stakeholders) of Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK®) in relation to the daily practice of clinical research in the country's research centers. RESULTS: 55 centers answered the complete questionnaire. The professional with the position of project manager does not exist in more than half of the active centers in the country 37 (67.3%); there is no project management office (EGP) in 41 (74.5%) centers. The control of expenses and revenues is carried out by 50 (90.9%) centers; however, 28 (50.9%) carry out an evaluation of the profitability. Regarding quality management, 28 (50.9%) did not have quality parameters implanted and 11 (40.7%) did not perform internal audit. Communication failures are present in 48 (87.2%) centers. Based on the evaluation of the practical application of the 10 knowledge areas of the PMBOK® Guide, the project management model was developed with applicability of concepts, tools and techniques to clinical research centers. CONCLUSIONS: With the application of this model, it is possible that the centers have a better definition of the scope of each project, the costs and deadlines have a low margin of variability, a good communication between the parties is established and the economic impact of the management can be recognized.

O presente trabalho aborda a prática de retenção de clientes nas academias de ginástica e de condicionamento físico do município de Caxias do Sul RS. A pesquisa, de caráter exploratório, foi implementada por meio de entrevistas individuais em profundidade, mediante a aplicação de um roteiro básico de questões. Desta forma, foram entrevistados dez gestores do segmento de fitness, com perguntas englobando o cenário em que se encontram, a preocupação com a qualidade dos serviços prestados, a percepção dos seus clientes acerca da qualidade dos serviços, o seu nível de satisfação e as possíveis ações utilizadas visando estimular a retenção de clientes. O tratamento dos dados foi realizado pela análise de conteúdo. Os resultados foram comparados com os pressupostos teóricos, e apresentados de forma a atingir os objetivos propostos. Na percepção dos entrevistados, bem como na literatura da área, há um crescente número de clientes que buscam melhorar a sua qualidade de vida, e as academias precisam se adaptar a essa realidade. Notou-se que boa parte dos gestores entrevistados se preocupa com a qualidade dos serviços, dando ênfase aos equipamentos, às instalações físicas e, principalmente, ao atendimento aos clientes. Verificou-se, por fim, que todos os gestores entrevistados valorizam a retenção de clientes, e utilizam uma série de ações para que ela seja estimulada em suas academias. / Submitted by Marcelo Teixeira (mvteixeira@ucs.br) on 2014-05-22T16:12:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Mauricio Michelli.pdf: 906479 bytes, checksum: 28266bf0990374d803204acba0ee9ce8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-22T16:12:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Mauricio Michelli.pdf: 906479 bytes, checksum: 28266bf0990374d803204acba0ee9ce8 (MD5) / This work approaches client retention´s practices in gymnastics and physical conditioning academies in the municipality of Caxias do Sul RS. The research, of an exploratory nature, was implemented by means of thorough individual interviews, applying a series of basic questions. In this way, ten managers of the fitness area were interviewed with questions covering the scenario in which they are placed, the concern with the quality of services rendered, the perception of their clients with regards to the quality of the service, their level of satisfaction, and the possible actions used to stimulate client retention. Data treatment was performed through content analysis. The results were compared to the assumed theory, and presented so as to attend the proposed objectives. In the perception of the clients, as well as in the literature of the area, there are an increasing number of clients who seek the amelioration of their life quality, and the academies need to adapt themselves to this reality. It was seen that a considerable number of interviewed managers are concerned with the quality of the services rendered, giving an emphasis on the equipment, with the physical installations and, mainly, with the attention given to clients. Finally, it was verified that all the interviewed managers value client retention and use a series of actions to stimulate this in their academies.

O presente trabalho aborda a prática de retenção de clientes nas academias de ginástica e de condicionamento físico do município de Caxias do Sul RS. A pesquisa, de caráter exploratório, foi implementada por meio de entrevistas individuais em profundidade, mediante a aplicação de um roteiro básico de questões. Desta forma, foram entrevistados dez gestores do segmento de fitness, com perguntas englobando o cenário em que se encontram, a preocupação com a qualidade dos serviços prestados, a percepção dos seus clientes acerca da qualidade dos serviços, o seu nível de satisfação e as possíveis ações utilizadas visando estimular a retenção de clientes. O tratamento dos dados foi realizado pela análise de conteúdo. Os resultados foram comparados com os pressupostos teóricos, e apresentados de forma a atingir os objetivos propostos. Na percepção dos entrevistados, bem como na literatura da área, há um crescente número de clientes que buscam melhorar a sua qualidade de vida, e as academias precisam se adaptar a essa realidade. Notou-se que boa parte dos gestores entrevistados se preocupa com a qualidade dos serviços, dando ênfase aos equipamentos, às instalações físicas e, principalmente, ao atendimento aos clientes. Verificou-se, por fim, que todos os gestores entrevistados valorizam a retenção de clientes, e utilizam uma série de ações para que ela seja estimulada em suas academias. / This work approaches client retention´s practices in gymnastics and physical conditioning academies in the municipality of Caxias do Sul RS. The research, of an exploratory nature, was implemented by means of thorough individual interviews, applying a series of basic questions. In this way, ten managers of the fitness area were interviewed with questions covering the scenario in which they are placed, the concern with the quality of services rendered, the perception of their clients with regards to the quality of the service, their level of satisfaction, and the possible actions used to stimulate client retention. Data treatment was performed through content analysis. The results were compared to the assumed theory, and presented so as to attend the proposed objectives. In the perception of the clients, as well as in the literature of the area, there are an increasing number of clients who seek the amelioration of their life quality, and the academies need to adapt themselves to this reality. It was seen that a considerable number of interviewed managers are concerned with the quality of the services rendered, giving an emphasis on the equipment, with the physical installations and, mainly, with the attention given to clients. Finally, it was verified that all the interviewed managers value client retention and use a series of actions to stimulate this in their academies.

A tese busca compreender em que medida o poeta e professor régio Manuel Inácio da Silva Alvarenga (1749-1814) pode ser considerado um representante do ideário ilustrado na América portuguesa. Silva Alvarenga, como estudante de Cânones na Universidade de Coimbra entre os anos de 1768 e 1776, viveu o período da reforma da Universidade empreendida pelo Marquês de Pombal. Retornou ao Brasil e, em 1782, tornou-se professor régio de Retórica no Rio de Janeiro. Foi o principal articulador da Sociedade Literária do Rio de Janeiro, fundada em 1786. Em 1794, foi preso, juntamente com outros membros da Sociedade, sob as acusações de promover a circulação de idéias francesas, de conspirar contra a Coroa Portuguesa e contra a religião católica. Levando em consideração a sua formação acadêmica, sua trajetória após seu retorno à América portuguesa, as características de sua obra poética e a constituição de sua livraria - uma das mais importantes do período colonial -, o trabalho busca avaliar em que medida Silva Alvarenga pode ser considerado um representante das Luzes na América portuguesa, tendo como prisma compreender quais as modalidades das Luzes que podem ser verificadas em sua trajetória. / This thesis tends to comprehend in which ways the poet and regal teacher Manuel Inácio da Silva Alvarenga (1749-1814) can be considered a representative of the Enlightment in Portuguese America. Silva Alvarenga, studying Canonic Law at Coimbra University between 1768 and 1776, experimented the period of the reformation of the university, projected by the Marquis of Pombal. After his return to Brazil, he became Rhetoric regal teacher at Rio de Janeiro, in 1782. He was the most active member of the Sociedade Literária do Rio de Janeiro, founded in 1786. In 1794, he went to prison, accompanied by other members of the Sociedade, accused of promoting the circulation of French ideas and conspiracy against the royal power and the catholic religion. Considering his academic background, his trajetory after his return to Brazil, the aspects of his poetic writings and the constitution of his private library one of the most important of the colonial period , the work tends to appraise in which ways Silva Alvarenga can be considered as a representative of the Enlightment in Portuguese America, aiming to understand which tendencies of the Enlightment can be seen in his trajetory.

The diploma thesis deals with didactic analysis of payroll in the second concentric circle in the subject accounting at Business Academies. The thesis is divided into three parts: theoretical, research and my own draft of curriculum. The theoretical part deals with the specifics of the subject accounting, educational programs, and especially the didactic aspects of teaching about wages. In the second part, using questionnaires, I find out what methodology is used in teaching about wages by teachers in Prague and Central Bohemian Region, if they use teaching through problem solving or whether they work with real forms. I also focused on the student's opinion about their teacher's methods, how they would improve the quality of teaching or what didactic methods they consider to be the most effective. The last part contains my own draft of curriculum on wages in the second concentric circle, which is accompanied by explanatory examples, illustrative diagrams, examples of forms and it is completed by a summary example with the elements of teaching through problem solving.