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The subject of this licentiate thesis is experience feedback from accidents and incidents. The thesis aims to contribute to an understanding of how the learning processes within organizations, companies and authorities could be improved. Essay I (written together with Sven Ove Hansson) reports on an evaluation carried out in 2004 by the Swedish Work Environment Authority’s Accident Investigation Board, called HAKO (Haverikommissionen). An important outcome of this evaluation shows that HAKO have not been able to manage the dissemination of their written reports, which is unfortunate, since the reports are thoroughly written. Essay II (written with Sven Ove Hansson and Carl Rollenhagen) is an overview of the literature on learning from accidents and incidents. The focus in this essay is on literature that evaluates the effectiveness and usefulness of different methods in accident investigations. The conclusions drawn from this literature review are that the dissemination of results and knowledge from accident investigations must be improved, and experience feedback systems should be integrated into overall systems of risk management. The starting point for Essay III was an empirical study conducted in 2005/2006. Twenty-eight supervision cases from eleven local Environment and Health Administrations in Sweden were examined. The overall goal of the study was to find out how, and to what extent, experience feedback occurs between different municipal authorities. Two major problems affecting experience feedback have been found; namely, that the inspectors do not have enough guidance on how to interpret the law, and that they would like more information on what happens to legal cases they have reported to public prosecutors and police. / QC 20101118

In the case of a radiological emergency it is of utmost importance that we can rapidly quantify theradionuclide content of a person or population to ensure that the right precautions or treatmentsare taken. In this project we investigate how well the Palmer geometry works to quantify the Cs-137 content of a test population. The aim is to find if this geometry could replace the currentmeasuring geometry. To begin with, we investigate the full energy peak efficiencies in the Palmer geometry formeasurements of whole body content of radioactive nuclides using Detective-X, a spectrometricgamma radiation detector produced by ORTEC. First, we perform an empirical efficiency cali-bration based on measurements with the phantom IRINA using both Cs-137 and Eu-152 to cover arange of energies. We employ two configurations of the IRINA phantom to represent the bodyof the average woman and man in Sweden. The detector is directed towards the abdomen of the phantom, which is in a crouched seated position, to emulate the Palmer geometry. Additionally, we construct a detector model in Monte-Carlo N-particle transport code (MCNP).To validate this model we calibrate the detector with a Cs-137 point source at various angles of in-cidence to determine its angular dependence, performing the measurements along two axes ofrotation. We find that the efficiency in the final MCNP model agree well with the empiricalcalibration. The detector model is then used alongside the MCNP models of two IRINA configurations to compare the simulated and empirical calibrations. We observe that the detector model agree well with our empirical calibrations. Finally, we measure the whole body content of Cs-137 in a group of residents around Umeå,Sweden. In these measurements, the Palmer geometry is employed, where the test person sitswith the detector in their lap, having the top cap against their stomach, and crouches over it. These measurement are compared to those taken in a low background setup (mobile whole body counter), where the test person lays down on their back in a lead cradle and have their legs and head above their chest and abdomen. We find that the signal in the Palmer geometry has a higherbackground level, preventing detection of low activities. Additionally, the Palmer setup tends to underestimate the activity compared to the current setup. More test subjects with higher activity is needed to test the setup, as the current data is not sufficient for definite conclusions. In conclusion, the simulation model is sufficient for future simulations of the Palmer geometry. The tests of the Palmer geometry are not sufficient to sufficiently prove if the geometry will be a good method to determine the whole body content of radionuclides. To test it further a larger test population with a higher activity is needed. The calibrations should also be done with other configurations of IRINA and activity distribution to better emulate an adult human.

It is the purpose of this study to determine the relationship between personality and accident-proneness in a group of pupils in the North Dallas High School.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

The purpose of this study is to show the need for placing the teaching of accident prevention and first-aid into the curricula of all public schools of the State of Texas on a compulsory basis and to prescribe definite criteria for the work.

Yes / Insurance claims processing involves multiple entities and data sources, necessitating communication between human agents. Consequently, vehicle insurance claims have traditionally required significant human effort and time. Daily vehicle-related transactions, including those managed by transportation authorities, pose challenges for tracking. Centralised systems have been utilised for national solutions, but trust management, transparency, and access control issues arise. There is potential for further integration of vehicle-related transactions. This article proposes a blockchain framework for vehicle insurance to streamline the reporting of accidents and filing of insurance claims. Blockchain-based automation platforms can enhance the scale and response time of claims processing, providing users with control over additional transactions, inspection, and insurance. For experimental purposes, a blockchain was created using Hyperledger Fabric to store information about vehicles, owners, and insurance. Efficient querying of this blockchain requires specific participants, assets, and transactions. The consensus algorithm can identify invalid claims if a transaction request contains an error. By deploying blockchain technology and smart contracts, this architecture has the potential to address trust and security concerns associated with traditional insurance policies and claims.