Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2014-09-09T16:52:48Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Karla Amâncio Pinto Fields - 2014.pdf: 3454496 bytes, checksum: 1dd89f4fe14a9602373ed2d35ebefa5a (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-09T16:52:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Karla Amâncio Pinto Fields - 2014.pdf: 3454496 bytes, checksum: 1dd89f4fe14a9602373ed2d35ebefa5a (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-18 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / This study investigated the construction and mobilization of teaching knowledge to train chemistry teachers for school inclusion. The research was especially guided by aspects intrinsic to qualitative approach. We chose an action-research, given the purpose of providing to those involved the conditions to think, reflect and discuss the nature and complexity of real problems we are experiencing. This research was developed in two spiral cycles of action-research. The first cycle included the planning and development of the free core subject entitled Foundations of Inclusive Education (FIE) in 2010, and the second cycle was the development of supervised training at the Brazilian Center for Support and Rehabilitation of the Visually Impaired (CEBRAV) in 2011. The participants were students of the subject FEI, trainees of the Education Degree in Chemistry who have developed their internships at CEBRAV and visually impaired students of CEBRAV. The instruments for data collection were, for the 1st cycle, the collective diaries and in the 2nd cycle, we use the collective diaries and transcripts of audio and video recordings of pedagogical interventions (PI) performed in CEBRAV. The collected data were analyzed using content analysis technique (CA) and through the transcripts of PI. The narratives produced in collective diaries indicated that students of the subject FEI have appropriated the discussions promoted in groups, through reflection by confrontation with that provided by law for the reality of public schools in the state of Goiás. The initial training should encourage and enable future teachers to take part of researches in the area of inclusive education, which seek to understand the circumstances and dilemmas of the school context, so that they can appropriate experiential and professional knowledge, which are related with community, dialogue and partnership in building a school for everyone. / Este estudo investigou a construção e mobilização dos saberes docentes para a formação de professores de química para a inclusão escolar. A pesquisa foi orientada especialmente por aspectos intrínsecos à abordagem qualitativa. Escolhemos a pesquisa-ação, pois intencionamos oferecer aos sujeitos envolvidos condições de pensar, refletir e discutir sobre a natureza e a complexidade dos problemas reais que estamos vivenciando. O desenvolvimento desta investigação cumpriu dois ciclos de espirais de uma pesquisa-ação. O primeiro ciclo contemplou o planejamento e desenvolvimento da disciplina de núcleo livre intitulada Fundamentos de Educação Inclusiva (FEI) em 2010 e o segundo ciclo foi o desenvolvimento de estágios supervisionados no Centro Brasileiro de Reabilitação e Apoio ao Deficiente Visual (CEBRAV) em 2011. Os sujeitos desta investigação foram os alunos da disciplina FEI, os estagiários do Curso de Licenciatura em Química que desenvolveram seus estágios no CEBRAV e os alunos deficientes visuais do CEBRAV. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram, para o 1°Ciclo, os diários coletivos e, no 2°Ciclo, utilizamos os diários coletivos e as transcrições das gravações em áudio e vídeos das intervenções pedagógicas (IPs) realizadas no CEBRAV. Os dados coletados foram analisados pela técnica de análise de conteúdo (AC) e mediante as transcrições das IPs. As narrativas produzidas nos diários coletivos indicaram que os alunos da disciplina FEI se apropriaram das discussões promovidas nos grupos, mediante a reflexão pelo confronto do que a legislação prevê com a realidade das escolas públicas do estado de Goiás. Entendemos que a formação inicial deve incentivar e possibilitar aos futuros professores a participação em pesquisas na área de educação inclusiva, que busquem a compreensão das especificidades e dos dilemas do contexto escolar para que eles possam se apropriar dos saberes experienciais e profissionais, os quais se relacionam com a coletividade, o diálogo e a parceria na construção de uma escola para todos.

A Farmácia Hospitalar tem por finalidade promover o uso racional do medicamento, pesquisando e gerenciando produtos com qualidade, desenvolvendo profissionais e prestando assistência integrada ao paciente e à equipe da saúde, com responsabilidade socioambiental. Dessa forma, o desenvolvimento de um modelo de construção e aplicação de um conjunto de indicadores de desempenho na Farmácia Hospitalar com foco na comparabilidade é imprescindível para o monitoramento dos resultados e o estabelecimento da melhoria contínua dos serviços prestados aos pacientes e à equipe da saúde, de forma alinhada às diretrizes institucionais. Objetivo: Desenvolver um modelo de construção e aplicação de um conjunto de indicadores de desempenho na Farmácia Hospitalar com foco na comparabilidade. Método: Utilizou-se do método qualitativo Pesquisa-ação, sendo que na fase exploratória se fez o diagnóstico da amostra do estudo; na realização dos seminários se fez a sensibilização dos sujeitos da pesquisa, análise, seleção, construção, aplicação em campo e validação da ficha técnica e especificações para construção, e do conjunto de indicadores de desempenho. Realizou-se 22 seminários presenciais de forma estruturada. A amostra foi intencional de seis hospitais (3 públicos e 3 privados) e os sujeitos da pesquisa os farmacêuticos especialistas tomadores de decisão na Farmácia Hospitalar. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de setembro de 2006 a abril de 2008, foram aplicados dois questionários e sete formulários (manual ou eletrônico). Os dados coletados foram tratados em forma de quadros, tabelas, figuras, gráficos, cálculos de somatório, porcentagem, freqüência, média aritmética e mediana, como também, compilação por semelhança e agrupamento por categorias-chave, e apresentados de forma consolidada, para obtenção de consenso quando necessário. Resultados: Apresentou-se a caracterização do Hospital e da Farmácia Hospitalar; obteve-se o aprimoramento da ficha técnica e especificações para construção de indicadores; foi selecionado, construído, aplicado em campo e validado um conjunto com 12 indicadores de desempenho passíveis de comparação. Verificouse o grau de dificuldade e vantagens obtidas da aplicação de indicadores. Apresentou-se a estrutura para o desenvolvimento do modelo de construção e aplicação de um conjunto de indicadores de desempenho na Farmácia Hospitalar com foco na comparabilidade. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos na pesquisa evidenciam a hipótese formulada de que, o desenvolvimento de um modelo de construção e aplicação de um conjunto de indicadores de desempenho sistematizado e passível de comparação, é factível na Farmácia Hospitalar, assim como, busca contribuir com a disseminação da cultura de utilização de indicadores de desempenho, possibilitando a Farmácia Hospitalar se comparar com referenciais internos e externos, promovendo as melhores práticas embasadas em evidências objetivas / The Hospital Pharmacy has as objective to promote the rational drug use, by researching and managing products with quality, creating professionals and providing integrated assistance to the patient and the health team, with socialenvironmental responsibility. For this, the development of a construction model and application of a set of performance indicators in the Hospital Pharmacy with focus on the comparability is absolutely necessary for monitoring results and setting up the continuous improvement of the services provided to patients and to the health team, aligned with the institutional guidelines. Objective: To develop a construction model and application of a set of performance indicators in the Hospital Pharmacy with focus on the comparability. Method: The action-research qualitative method was used and in the exploratory stage was made the diagnosis of the study sample; the awareness of the research people arose from the seminars, the analysis, selection, construction, field application and validation of the data sheet and specifications for construction, and of the set of performance indicators as well. Twenty-two seminars in situ took place in a structured way. The sample was intentional and designed by six hospitals (three public and three private hospitals) and the people of the research were the decision-makers specialist pharmacists in the Hospital Pharmacy. The collection of data was carried out from September, 2006, to April, 2008; two questionnaires and seven forms were applied (manually or electronically). The collected data were arranged in the form of pictures, tables, figures, graphs, total sum calculations, percentage, frequency, arithmetic and medium average, as well as, compilation by similarity and grouping by key-categories, and presented in a consolidated way for consensus building if necessary. Results: The improvement of the data sheet and specifications for construction of indicators was achieved; a set with twelve performance indicators subject to comparison was selected, constructed, applied in field and validated. It was verified the degree of difficulty and advantages obtained in the application of the indicators. The structure for the development of the construction model and the application of a set of performance indicators in the Hospital Pharmacy with focus on the comparability was presented. Conclusion: The results achieved in the research show clearly the formulated hypothesis, which the development of a construction model and the application of a systemized set of performance indicators and subject to comparison, is tangible in the Hospital Pharmacy, as well as, seeks to cooperate with the dissemination of the culture of the performance indicators use, enabling the Hospital Pharmacy to be compared with internal and external references, by fomenting the best practices based on objective evidences

Essa pesquisa foi estruturada para refletir sobre a construção de uma expografia de forma participativa, particularmente as condições para o desenvolvimento de exposições sobre temas científicos voltados a públicos não acadêmicos. O lócus do estudo é o Acervo de Minerais e Rochas do Instituto de Geociências, dedicado à pesquisa e ao ensino relacionado às Geociências na Universidade de São Paulo. Este Acervo, criado em 1934 para as aulas práticas de geologia e química, foi aberto nos anos 1990 para visitação pública e é conhecido como Museu de Geociências. Embora o museu tenha passado por mudanças consideráveis em termos de vínculo institucional e perfil de visitantes ao longo do tempo, essas mudanças não se refletiram na expografia, que continua a exibir terminologia acadêmica e retórica classificatória de mineralogia. Acreditamos que isso provoque o que Ulpiano Bezerra de Meneses descreve como fetichização dos objetos, mistificando-os. Com a finalidade de aproximar a sociedade deste museu, planejamos um processo de desenvolvimento conceitual da expografia no qual os sujeitos da pesquisa, funcionários do museu, têm participação ativa, usando o plano museológico como ferramenta de reflexão. Por isso, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa é refletir sobre as potencialidades da reformatação da expografia por meio da pesquisa-ação participativa no Museu de Geociências do Instituto de Geociências da Universidade de São Paulo e os objetivos específicos são refletir sobre a contribuição do plano museológico para a reformatação da expografia, desvelar como transmitir conhecimentos de Geociências para o público não acadêmico a partir do acervo do museu e construir conhecimento a partir de uma práxis. Esperamos, com esta pesquisa, discutir sobre metodologia em museus, particularmente em processos expográficos de museus científicos e aspectos da exposições em termos de comunicação, e problematizar o método de trabalho de concepção de exposições em museus contemporâneos. / This research was structured to reflect upon the design of an expography adopting a participatory approach, particularly the conditions for designing exhibitions on scientific themes that reach non-academic audiences. The locus of this study is the Collection of Minerals and Rocks of the Institute of Geosciences, which undertakes research and runs the geology and geosciences undergraduate and graduate programs of the University of São Paulo. This Collection, built up since 1934 for the hands-on geology and chemical courses, was opened in the 1990s for public visitation and is known as Museum of Geosciences. Although the museum has significantly changed over the years in terms of organization and visitors profile, such changes have not affected the expography, which continues to display academic terminology and classificatory rhetoric of mineralogy. We believe it leads to what Ulpiano Bezerra de Meneses describes as fetish for objects, mystifying them. Aiming at drawing the society closer to this museum, we planned a conceptual expography design process in which the research subjects, that is, the museum staff, has active participation, using the museological plan to encourage reflection. Therefore, this research is mainly aimed at reflecting upon the potentialities of reformatting the expography by conducting a participatory action research in the Museum of Geosciences of the Institute of Geosciences of the University of São Paulo, whereas the specific aims are to reflect upon the contribution of the museological plan to reformat the expography, find out how to introduce Geosciences to non-academic audiences by using the Museum\'s collection, and gain knowledge from a case study. With this research we expect to discuss methodology in museums, particularly in processes of expography of scientific museums, and exhibition aspects in terms of communication, and problematize the working method for designing exhibition in contemporary museums.

The construction industry is facing ever more challenging targets to reduce the environmental impact of new-build and refurbishment projects. The construction industry has failed to adopt renewable energy technologies (RETs) into mainstream construction projects; however, this aspect of the construction challenge needs addressing by large contractors. This thesis has established that there is a need to educate contractor personnel in the application and integration of RETs into construction projects to ensure that the construction industry can preserve its legacy for future generations. In order to improve the construction industry s use of renewable energy in building projects, it was necessary to reassess how the industry viewed energy. Contracting organisations have a diverse workforce, a fact established through a company-based desk study, workshops, interviews and surveys; this guided the direction of the project to satisfy the aims and objectives. The initial research findings enabled development of a strategy to improve RET knowledge within a UK contracting organisation. This research has developed trialled and tested a training programme aimed at educating construction professionals on the application of RETs that are relevant to new-build construction projects, and at improving knowledge sharing within a contracting organisation. Training material has been developed that includes six RET handbooks, a sustainability workshop incorporating RETs, an e-learning suite of online modules designed to suit a range of construction disciplines from designers to site-based staff. In addition, the research improved business practice through supporting knowledge share across all business units in addition to identifying the benefits of post-occupancy evaluation. The research has impacted the sponsoring organisation on several business elements including creation of a new business unit to assess completed projects in order to inform design and construction on future projects leading towards improved knowledge management on RETs. The e-learning component uses a combination of graphical imagery, audio voice-overs, knowledge-checks and assessment gathered from active construction projects to enable employees to engage in knowledge and experience sharing on a project-by-project basis, and organisational learning through case studies and post-occupancy evaluation of completed projects. Feedback received from the pilot study of the training materials has been encouraging and positive. While further research is required to measure the long-term effect of the initiative on the workforce population, a six month review suggested that a refresher course is required bi-annually to ensure the workforce score consistent results in the assessment and to update the training with new project experience to share within the organisation. The wider impact on the industry is to showcase the potential learning benefits of post-occupancy evaluation (POE) to contractors and the industry as a whole. The research has highlighted typical industry practice within a contracting organisations regarding knowledge sharing within the company and has demonstrated the improvement on employee knowledge after introduction of a training initiative utilising POE (typically a consultant tool) during the construction phase to prevent re-inventing the wheel . Through regularly and collectively sharing information and project experience, it is envisaged that the full range of contractor disciplines will have increased interaction to ensure all perspectives are accommodated during the design, construction and facility management phases of a building s life cycle.

This study examines the use of a digital Critical Incident Questionnaire (CIQ), which was originally developed by Professor Stephen Brookfield, to extract perspectives of students on the lecture/lesson they had just conducted. Three FE colleges in the UK took part in the study and utilised a blog for students to post their comments. Students conducting media production courses at level three and four were the focus groups that submitted approaching two thousand CIQ responses over two academic years. The aim of utilising the CIQ was for a course tutor to receive additional perspectives on their practice and instant on-event feedback, resulting in identifying whether the learners mimicked the course tutor’s perspective. The findings indicate that the other perspectives gathered from the CIQ provided the course tutor with a greater understanding of their practice and assisted them in becoming more critically reflective. Additionally, some CIQ comments were different from the assumptions of the course tutor, which allowed them to adapt the delivery of the programme. Furthermore, utilising the data from the CIQ has identified that some of the comments students provide to the course tutor in-class do not mimic the comments of the CIQ. Moreover, comments received through the CIQ identify that there are also managerial implications, such as the usefulness and reliability of teaching observations, student induction and exit questionnaires. Utilising a blog format allowed students to submit their responses on a variety of digital devices, but some problems remained similar to Brookfield’s carbon paper-based system. There appears to be a definite place for using the CIQ in FE educational practice, and many best practice recommendations are constructed.

The changes in economy in addition to globalisation have impacted upon the audit profession. After the economic crisis in the 2000s, the audit profession was deemed to be a cause of the corporate collapse due to unethical behaviour of auditors. This issue also impacts upon auditing instruction worldwide, including Thailand where political and economic crises along with corruption issues have become significant and urgent problems in the Thai society. There has been a high scrutiny on capabilities, competence and ethics of auditors from the public and other stakeholders, whereas there is scant evidence to show whether Thai educators take action on enhancing holistic attributes of their auditing students, in particular, ethical sensitivity of the students. Thereby, Thailand needs to reform the quality of audit education in order to serve qualified graduate students to the business environment. This thesis developed a set of reflective case studies as an instructional intervention for auditing learning. It aims to enhance professional knowledge, skills and ethics of auditing students in Thailand. Four learning theories comprising Transformative Learning Theory (TLT), Experiential Learning Theory (ELT), Reflective Learning Theory (RLT) and Project-based Learning Theory (PLT) were applied as the theoretical framework. In addition, this thesis applied concepts of qualitative and action research together with the ADDIE instructional development as the practical framework for the development of an instructional intervention. There were five phases of the ADDIE model: Analyse, Design, Develop, Implement and Evaluate applied to organise the empirical work. Two empirical fieldworks were conducted within university settings in Thailand. The first fieldwork complied with the analysing phase of the ADDIE model exploring current practice and problems of audit instruction in Thailand in order to identify performance gap of the audit education. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 11 universities with 34 participants who were audit lecturers and students in five regions throughout the country. The results showed that in general, audit instructors in Thailand mostly applied traditional teaching methods. However, there were problems of audit instruction comprising inappropriate learning strategies of the students, lack of staff and learning resources, deficiencies of knowledge and skills of audit students and lack of ethical awareness of the students. Significantly, the participants required case studies in Thai context as a learning tool to enhance the knowledge, skills and ethics of Thai auditing students. These elements were determined as performance gap which was required to improve. In response to the results of the first empirical fieldwork, the thesis applied the design and development phases of the ADDIE model to develop a set of reflective case studies for auditing students. A framework for the development of case studies derived from other professional education such as law, medicine, nursing and engineering where such real-life case studies have been successfully used to enhance ethical sensitivity of students. Additionally, concepts of reflective writing and audit working paper were applied in the cases studies. Other instruments such as guidance for lecturers and students were also developed for Thai auditing students. All instructional resources were validated by experts. The final version was refined and approved before the implementation. The second empirical fieldwork complied with the implement and evaluate phases of the ADDIE model. An experiment conducted with 77 auditing students in Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand. In addition, there were 15 participants who voluntarily participated in the reflective writing activity and the focus group interview. The results revealed that before the cases’ implementation, students had negative views on auditing learning. However, during and after the implementation, students had reformed their way of learning, attitudes towards auditing learning and ethical sensitivity.

abstract: During the 2017-2018 academic year, I worked as Program Manager for a government-funded post-secondary organization in Ontario, Canada. A core part of my professional role was creating awareness and increasing the use of open educational resources (OER) in partnership with Ontario educators. I conducted this work with the support of colleagues and OER advocates at public colleges and universities. Collectively, we focused on the use of OER as an opportunity to: (a) reduce the cost of post-secondary resources, (b) diversify the types of resources used in teaching and learning, and (c) explore opportunities to create assessments and activities that empowered learners as co-creators of knowledge. Alongside my professional role during this year, I engaged in a mixed-methods action research study using change management strategies and Ajzen’s (1991) Theory of Planned Behavior. The purpose of the study was to determine the usefulness of an awareness and support strategy designed to increase the use of OER among post-secondary educators in Ontario. For many of the participants in the study (n = 38), OER were new elements in their teaching practice. I engaged in focused and meaningful dialogue with them as part of professional development sessions in order to fully explore their perspectives about use of OER. I chose two facilitation designs as the action of my action research. The first was a pair of face-to-face workshops, and the second was an open online course commonly called a MOOC (massive open online course). These were the interventions (and innovations) for the study. From the perspective of the participants, the awareness and support strategies were determined to be useful for increasing their use of OER. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Educational Leadership and Policy Studies 2018

A pesquisa-ação, desde a sua origem, associada às Ciências Sociais, sofreu diferentes incorporações teóricas, tanto relacionadas ao seu conceito quanto à sua prática, que resultaram em muitas interpretações distintas que, às vezes, podem dificultar o seu emprego em produções acadêmicas da área de Ciências da Saúde. Objetivo: identificar e caracterizar as teses de doutorado e as dissertações de mestrado produzidas nos programas de pós-graduação de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), entre 2000 a julho de 2012, em que foi utilizada a metodologia de pesquisa-ação, além de analisar os conceitos de pesquisa- ação que foram empregados nestes trabalhos. Metodologia: utilizamos o método bibliográfico, a bibliometria e a Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia (TCT), através da abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. Usamos como fonte de dados, a Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP (BDTD/USP) e como instrumento, usamos uma ficha de coleta de dados validada por especialistas. Realizamos a análise dos dados de forma manual. Resultados: a pesquisa-ação foi utilizada em 49 trabalhos (31 de doutorado e 18 de mestrado), de autoria de 45 diferentes alunos/autores que, em sua maioria, tinham formação em Enfermagem (54,17%), atuando na linha de pesquisa de Educação em Saúde e Formação de Recursos Humanos (51,02%), do Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem Psiquiátrica (55,10%), da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto (EERP) (61,22%), sob a orientação de uma mesma docente (48,98%). Predominou trabalhos defendidos entre 2007 e 2011 (61,22%), em que o pesquisador atuava, previamente, no campo de aplicação do estudo (59,19%), desenvolvidos sem apoio financeiro de órgãos de fomento (69,39%). Os trabalhos apresentaram abordagem qualitativa, com temáticas sobre pesquisa-ação (5,91%), enfermagem (5,38%) e educação em saúde (3,76%), tendo como foco principal a formação/prática do profissional de saúde (44,90%). Nestes, prevaleceu o emprego da pesquisa-ação crítica (89,80%), com a realização de todas as etapas da pesquisa-ação indicada por Thiollent. Identificamos 124 citações relacionadas ao conceito de pesquisa-ação (média=2,82 citações/trabalho), provenientes de 50 referências e 48 autores diferentes. Em sua maioria, eram livros (58,06%), publicados em português e, na década de 2000. O livro Metodologia da pesquisa-ação foi empregado para conceituar a pesquisa-ação por 88,64% dos trabalhos. Em ordem decrescente, os autores Thiollent, Bueno e Freire foram os mais citados. Identificamos 356 excertos de citações relacionados ao conceito de pesquisa-ação (média=8,09 excertos/trabalho). A pesquisa-ação foi conceituada mediante a descrição dos tipos de pesquisas relacionadas a essa metodologia, sua origem, aplicação e princípios básicos. Considerações finais: a aplicação da pesquisa-ação em teses de doutorado indica que esta metodologia apresenta rigor científico adequado às exigências de estudos considerados complexos. A pesquisa-ação foi conceituada, principalmente, através de fontes específicas sobre o tema em questão, com a utilização de um núcleo principal de fontes e de atores utilizados como referências para conceituar a temática em foco. / Action research, since its origin, linked to the Social Sciences, presented various forms of theoretical inclusions, related to its concept and practice, which resulted in many different interpretations that can sometimes hinder its use in academic productions in the area of Health Sciences. Objective: to identify and characterize the dissertation of masters and doctorate theses developed in the post-graduate program in Health Sciences of the University of São Paulo (USP), between 2000 and July 2012, in which was used the action research methodology, apart from analyzing the concepts of action research were used in these studies. Methodology: We used the review of literature, the bibliometrics and Communicative Theory of Terminology (TCT), through qualitative and quantitative approach. It was used as a data source, the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations of USP (BDTD/USP) and it was used a data collection form, validated by experts. We conducted data analysis manually. Results: action research was used in 49 studies (31 doctorates and 18 masters), which were written by 45 different students/authors, who mostly had training in Nursing (54.17%), working in line research in Health Education and Training Human Resources (51.02%) of the Graduate Program in Psychiatric Nursing (55.10%), of the Nursing School of Ribeirão Preto (EERP) (61.22%), under the supervision of the same teacher (48.98%).Studies defended predominated between 2007 and 2011 (61.22%), in which the researcher worked previously in the field of study (59.19%), which were developed without the financial support of funding agencies (69.39% ). The studies had qualitative approach, presenting themes about action research (5.91%), nurses (5.38%) and health education (3.76%), with the main objective of formation/practice of the health care professionals (44.90%). In these studies, the prevailing use of critical action research (89.80%), with the completion of all stages of the research- action indicated by Thiollent. In the studies analyzed, we identified 124 citations related to the concept of action research (mean = 2.82 citations/study), from 50 authors and 48 different references. Most part of it was books (58.06%), published in Portuguese in the 2000s. The book Action research methodology was employed to conceptualize action research by 88.64% of the studies. In descending order, the authors Thiollent, Bueno and Freire were the most cited. We identified 356 excerpts of citations related to the concept of action research (mean = 8.09 excerpts/study). Action research was conceptualized by describing the types of research related to this methodology, its origin, and applying basic principles. Final considerations: the application of action research in the theses indicates that this methodology has adequate scientific rigor to the demands of the studies considered complex. Action research was conceptualized mainly through specific sources on the topic in question, with the existence of a core group of actors and sources used as references to conceptualize the thematic in focus.

A aids entrou na terceira década e, cada vez mais, encontra-se presente em ambos os gêneros, em todas as faixas etárias, etnias e camadas sociais. O uso das terapias antirretrovirais de alta potência (HAART) permitiu que a aids se tornasse uma doença crônica, aumentando a longevidade e a qualidade de vida das pessoas que vivem com HIV/aids. O novo cenário da doença não foi acompanhado da criação de novas técnicas de atendimento nos serviços especializados de saúde, que favoreçam as estratégias individuais de enfrentamento da doença, bem como, os efeitos colaterais do uso prolongado da HAART, que incluem a síndrome da lipodistrofia (SL), a depressão, a ansiedade e o preconceito. Objetivo: pesquisar pessoas que vivem com HIV/aids, que sofrem os efeitos colaterais do uso da HAART e que buscam o sentido da vida. Propomos, então, desenvolver programa socioeducativo e terapêutico de treinamento físico específico para este grupo de pessoas, investigando a aplicabilidade e benefícios da utilização desta técnica educativa para a promoção da saúde e da qualidade de vida. Metodologia: pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, mediatizada pela pesquisa-ação. Trabalhamos com sete pessoas que vivem com HIV/aids, com uso de HAART e com SL, de ambos os gêneros, com idade entre 37 e 56 anos, responderam questionários referentes às diferentes variáveis sobre qualidade de vida e foram submetidas a 36 sessões de um programa socioeducativo e terapêutico de treinamento resistido (musculação). Resultados: os participantes deste estudo apresentaram melhoras em vários indicativos de qualidade de vida, quando comparados ao período anterior da descoberta da contaminação pelo HIV, principalmente nos aspectos físicos e psicológicos, destacando o preconceito como principal problema enfrentado por eles. Observamos que o treinamento resistido (musculação) é perfeitamente compatível com as limitações decorrentes da aids e do uso da HAART, como a SL, estimulando a diminuição da gordura corporal, o aumento da massa muscular, a socialização, o combate à depressão e ansiedade. Considerações: os participantes deste estudo valorizam a vida depois da doença, evidenciam a aids e o HIV como sinônimos, doença social injusta e perigosa, discriminatória e que isola. Gostam de lazer e são motivadas pela prática de atividades físicas. No hospital, fruto da pesquisa, desenvolveram o treinamento de musculação, que os ajudou a controlar o estresse, vários indicadores da doença, a educar para a saúde e a ressocialização, melhorando a qualidade de vida. Daí, a sugestão da implantação de programas regulares de atividades físicas para pessoas com HIV/aids, inseridos nos serviços de atendimento especializados, servindo como importante estratégia de enfrentamento da doença e fonte de melhoria das condições físicas e psicossociais de seus praticantes. / AIDS entered the third decade and, increasingly, is present in both sexes in all age groups, ethnicities and social classes. The use of high potency antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has allowed AIDS to become a chronic disease, increasing longevity and quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS. The new scenario of disease was not accompanied by the creation of new techniques for care in specialized health services, to encourage the individual strategies of coping with the disease, as well as the side effects of prolonged use of HAART, which include lipodystrophy syndrome (SL), depression, anxiety and prejudice. Objective: to search for people living with HIV/AIDS, who suffer the side effects of HAART and who seek the meaning of life. We propose, then, to develop a program of socio-educational and therapeutic physical training for this specific group of people, investigating the applicability and benefits of using this technique for educational health promotion and quality of life. Methodology: qualitative research, mediated by action-research. We worked with seven people living with HIV/AIDS, with HAART and SL, of both genders, aged between 37 and 56 years answered questionnaires regarding different variables on quality of life and underwent 36 sessions of a childcare program and therapeutic resistance training (weight training). Results: the study participants showed improvement in several indicators of quality of life compared to the period before the discovery of HIV infection, especially in physical and psychological aspects, highlighting the prejudice as the main problem faced by them. We found that resistance training is perfectly compatible with the limitations resulting from AIDS and the use of HAART, as the SL, encouraging the reduction of body fat, increase muscle mass, socialization, combating depression and anxiety. Conclusion: the study participants value the lives after illness, AIDS and HIV show interchangeably, unjust and dangerous social disease, discriminatory and isolates. They like entertainment and are motivated by physical activity. At the hospital, the result of research, developed the strength training that helped them manage stress, several indicators of disease, health education and rehabilitation, improving the quality of life. Hence, the suggestion of the implementation of regular physical activity for people with HIV / AIDS, inserted into the specialized care services, serving as an important strategy for fighting the disease and source of improvement of physical and psychosocial practitioners.

A qualitative investigation was conducted to explore teacher perceptions of Professional Learning Communities on the instructional climate at Flintville Elementary School in Lincoln County, Tennessee. Participants in the study included five teachers, the evaluation supervisor, and one parent from Flintville Elementary School. Through the analysis of interviews and a review of documents collected from Professional Learning Communities (PLC) meetings in grades Pre-K through 8, the investigator was able to extract meaning and code the data into categories that led to an understanding of the perceptions being researched. Professional Learning Communities at Flintville Elementary School have changed the instructional climate concerning teacher collaboration and teamwork as well as attitudes of teachers regarding students. The data from the interviews and documented PLC meetings indicated that teachers were working together to develop and analyze common assessments, cultivate individual student growth and success, and reach the standardized testing goals for the school. As a result of PLCs, teachers were having professional conversations on improving student achievement and increasing teacher effectiveness, which indicated a climate change. Teachers were also using PLC meetings as a source for developing in-house professional development activities. Teachers were developing skills in the school based PLC meetings that would allow them to conduct professional development activities. The results of this study were intended as a reference for schools that may be involved in the future implementation of Professional Learning Communities as a tool for changing instructional climate and as a way to improve student achievement through collaboration among teachers.