• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 44
  • 22
  • 3
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 89
  • 89
  • 32
  • 32
  • 24
  • 23
  • 22
  • 20
  • 19
  • 17
  • 15
  • 15
  • 14
  • 14
  • 13
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Study and Implementation of An Active Power Factor Correction AC/DC Converter With No Sensing of Input Voltage

Chang, Chia-Jung 20 October 2006 (has links)
The traditional AC/DC rectifier usually results in low power factor and serious harmonic distortion and it will bring about the serious pollution to power system. This thesis proposes boost power factor correction technique to solve these problems. First, we aim at power factor correction circuit which need input voltage sensing, to study its operating principle and design consideration, then design applicable voltage compensator by the frequency analysis and perform the simulation and implementation using the developed criterion. In order to prevent the shortcoming that power factor correction circuits with input voltage sensing and complexity is raised for a multiplier must be added to controller, we develop the power factor correction circuit without input voltage sensing. We perform the operating principle and control function by simulation, develop hardware scheme by analog components and place load variation to measure power factor and total harmonic distortion. According to experimental results and simulation, we confirm the new power factor correction circuit. When the full load is placed, the power factor can achieve 0.99 and the total harmonic distortion is lower than 8%.
12

Single phase grid tie inverter for solar PV panels with active power decoupling circuit

Ramasubramanian, Karthik 13 August 2012 (has links)
Distributed energy resources like solar power (PV Panels) are usually connected to the AC grid through a single phase voltage source inverter (VSI). The major drawback associated with single phase grid tie inverters is the double frequency component of the grid that appears on the DC bus link. Large electrolytic capacitors are generally employed in the inverters to eliminate the ripple component. However, their bulkiness and relatively short lifetime are motivational factors to replace them with small film capacitors. This paper presents a synchronous boost/buck based active power decoupling circuit in parallel with the dc-bus link capacitor and discusses the different types of control strategies implemented. Simulation results are presented for each control technique and it is shown that the ripple on the DC bus link is largely reduced due to inclusion of this circuit along with an expected extension of the lifetime due to the reduction in the amount of dc-bus capacitance used. / text
13

The assessment of waveform distortion in power systems : validation of methods based on single-point measurements / Duan Serfontein

Serfontein, Duan January 2011 (has links)
The portion of energy converted by non-linear loads in the modern power system is increasing due to the energy-efficiency and sophistication possible with power electronics. Higher voltage and energy ratings are continuously forthcoming. These devices draw non-linear currents resulting in voltage waveform distortion at the Point of Common Coupling due to non-zero supply impedances between voltage source and the PCC. With the increase in waveform distortion comes the demand for better Quality of Supply management. The verification and quantification of the origin of waveform distortion in a power system is a continuous field of study and forms a critical part of the mitigation design. Methods utilizing single-point measurements, usually taken at the Point of Common Coupling, for the assessment of the harmonic distortion generated by loads are continuously being published. It’s been proven by means of computer simulations and laboratory experiments that in an interconnected network where multiple sources of distortion exist that loads have the ability to exchange harmonic active power between each other. This project investigates the latter statement by conducting practical experiments to conclude that loads have the ability to exchange harmonic active power and that multiple synchronized measurements should be taken to assess the harmonic distortion due to a load. Laboratory experiments are carried utilizing an acknowledged single point measurement method. The results are compared to the direction of harmonic active power obtained from utilizing multiple synchronized measurements. To further the information obtained from the laboratory experiments, practical experiments were conducted utilizing the same methods. The results obtained coincided with the results of previously conducted experiments of which the results were published. From the results obtained it was concluded that in an interconnected network where multiple sources of distortion exist that loads have the ability to exchange harmonic active power between each other. Furthermore it was proven that the single point measurement method investigated presented inconsistent results. Ultimately it was concluded that the reason for the inconsistency was due to the fact that loads have the ability to exchange harmonic active power and that the single point measurement failed to acknowledge this. / Thesis (M.Ing. (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012
14

Aplicação do dispositivo FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) em sistema de distribuição -simulação de desempenho. / Distribution system FACTS (flexible AC transmission systems) application - performance simulation.

Mario Masuda 13 September 2006 (has links)
As novas tecnologias FACTS aplicadas ao sistema de transmissão, com base em eletrônica de potência, podem também ser úteis à distribuição. Para tal é preciso conduzir um procedimento de consolidação da utilização e do desempenho destas, para sua aplicação sem riscos. Neste trabalho, dois aspectos serão contemplados. O primeiro se refere à aplicação do dispositivo FACTS atuando como um capacitor série. Em se tendo controle de módulo e da fase da tensão inserida em série com a linha pode-se fazê-la comportar-se como uma queda em uma reatância série capacitiva ou indutiva. O controle dessa reatância série (aumentando/diminuindo) permitirá a aplicação do conceito de compensação série em qualquer ponto do sistema de distribuição, provendo benefícios de um controle contínuo da tensão e também do controle do fluxo de carga no sistema independente da corrente. O segundo aspecto refere-se ao uso dos dispositivos na conexão de alimentadores controlando a potência ativa entre eles. Para esta operação outro dispositivo UPFC, com conceito similar ao descrito acima, entretanto atuando na fase da tensão entre 2 barras, comporta-se como um transformador defasador com variação contínua de ?taps?, podendo controlar a potência ativa entre os alimentadores. A aplicação destas tecnologias propiciarão vários benefícios para a expansão da distribuição tais como, flexibilização do uso da rede, interligação de alimentadores permitindo manobras de blocos de energia sem ?pisca?, ajuste contínuo do suporte de reativos durante a operação, controle dinâmico do fluxo de potência. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a aplicabilidade da tecnologia FACTS e estender este conceito para aplicação em sistemas de distribuição e conduzir simulações digitais em redes de distribuição (15kV) identificando o desempenho e os benefícios atingidos. O programa de simulação utilizado é o ATP (Alternative Transients Program). / The new FACTS technologies applied to the transmission system, based on power electronics, can also be useful to the distribution. For that, it is necessary to drive a procedure to consolidate the use and the performance for their application without risks. In this work two aspects will be approached. The first refers to the application of a FACTS device acting as series compensator. This device will be able to control the voltage in module and phase in order to act as a voltage drop in a serie reactance with capacitive or inductive features. The control of this series reactance (increasing/ decreasing) will allow the application of series compensation concept to any point of the distribution system, providing the benefits of continuous control of the voltage added to the load flow control in the system independent of the current. The second aspect refers to its use in the connection of two feeders controlling the active power between them. For this operation other device, UPFC, with similar concept as described previously, acts mainly in the phase of the injected voltage in the line, performing as a phase-shift with continuous taps variation and is able to control the active power flow between feeders. The application of this technology will provide several benefits for the distribution expansion, such as, a greater flexibility in the use of the network, connection of feeders without load flow interruption, continuous adjust of reactive power during the operation and dynamic control of power flow. The purpose of this work is to study the applicability of the FACTS technology, to extend this concept for the application in the distribution system by using digital simulations in distribution network up to 15kV identifying the performance and the reached benefits.
15

Alocação otimizada de geração distribuída em redes de distribuição

Zulpo, Roger Samuel January 2014 (has links)
Neste trabalho propõe-se um modelo de otimização que visa alocar a geração distribuída e determinar a injeção de potência ótima neste ponto, considerados três níveis de carga. Com este fim, utiliza-se uma função objetivo onde são mensuradas as perdas de potência ativa no sistema de distribuição, assim como os desvios de tensão em cada barra, sendo estes termos da função objetivo agrupados por meio de uma constante de proporcionalidade. O modelo apresenta ainda uma série de restrições, sendo estas as variáveis de decisão quanto a alocação da GD, fluxo de potência, limite de injeção de potência no sistema, relação entre as potências aparente, ativa e reativa, fator de potência e fluxo reverso de potência na subestação. Neste contexto emprega-se programação não linear com derivadas descontínuas para resolver matematicamente o modelo do sistema elétrico de potência. Quanto aos resultados, o que se observa é a grande capacidade que a GD possui, quando adequadamente ajustada, em melhorar os valores dos principais parâmetros computados neste estudo. / In this work it is proposed an optimization model that aims to allocate distributed generation and determine the optimum power injection at this point, considering three load levels. For this purpose, it is utilized an objective function which measures active power losses in the distribution system, as well as the voltage deviations at each bus, being these terms of the objective function grouped by a constant of proportionality. The model also presents a series of constraints, which are the decision variables for the allocation of DG, power flow, power injection limit on the system, the relationship between the apparent, active and reactive power, power factor and substation reverse power flow. In this context it is employed a nonlinear with discontinuous derivatives programming to mathematically solve the power system model. As for the results, what is observed is the strong influence that DG has, when properly adjusted, in the improvement of the values of the main parameters computed in this study.
16

Implementação de um controle digital para o compensador regenerativo de potência ativa /

Nascimento, Bruno Moreira. January 2009 (has links)
Orientador: Dionizio Paschoareli Junior / Banca: Falcondes Jose Mendes de Seixas / Banca: Hari Bruno Mohr / Resumo: A tendência dos sistemas de energia elétrica é uma operação cada vez mais próxima de seus limites operacionais. A presença de equipamentos que utilizam a eletrônica de potência, no controle e condicionamento da energia, é cada vez mais freqüente. A utilização de conversores como fonte de tensão, associados a elementos armazenadores de energia como, por exemplo, a bateria de sódio-enxofre, com alta densidade de energia, alta eficiência na carga e descarga e ainda um longo ciclo de vida, é a configuração básica de um Compensador Regenerativo de Potência Ativa. Compensação regenerativa de potência é um conceito que permite o armazenamento de energia em períodos favoráveis sob o ponto de vista dos custos da energia elétrica. Este conceito de compensação baseia-se no armazenamento da energia excedente ao longo do dia, nos períodos de menor tarifação, para utilizá-la nos horários de ponta (sobre-tarifa), aproveitando-se as vantagens contratuais de consumo de energia fora de ponta e promovendo-se uma melhor equalização de consumo, permitindo uma redução no contrato de demanda. Portanto, na compensação regenerativa de potência ativa, os períodos de consumo de energia são deslocados, com o objetivo de se obter redução na tarifa. Este conceito mostra-se interessante em sistemas com tarifação do tipo horo-sazonal, como é o caso brasileiro. Com o objetivo de se verificar tal troca de potência ativa, um modelo trifásico foi implementado e simulado. Os controles da potência ativa trocada entre o compensador e o sistema e da tensão na barra na qual o mesmo está instalado são realizados independentes e por controladores do tipo PID. Os sinais de controle dos interruptores semicondutores que compõe o conversor como fonte de tensão são gerados a partir do DSP TMS320F2808 da Texas Instruments, o que está embarcado no módulo didático eZdsp F2808 da Spectrum Digital / Abstract: Nowadays, electric power systems are expected to work closer to their operating limits. Power electronics based controllers, such as voltage sourced converters, are increasingly present in power systems. Electronic devices are often used to energy controlling and conditioning. The use of voltage sourced converters, associated to high-density storage elements, is the basic configuration of a Regenerative Active Power Compensator. Regenerative Active Power Compensator is a concept which proposes the energy storage as a possibility for revaluation of electrical energy cost with demand contracts. This concept is based on storing energy surplus during off peak periods, when the energy cost is cheaper, and injecting it back to the system during the overpriced peak periods. This procedure allows a better equalization of energy consumption and a reduction in electric power demand contracts. Therefore, using regenerative active power compensation, the consumption is dislocated from peak periods, resulting in a reduction of energy costs for the consumer. This concept is especially attractive for countries that use hour-seasonal fees police, as in the Brazilian case. This work proposes a three-phase model simulation with digital signal processor controller to investigate the active power flow control between the power system and the compensator, using a proportional-integral-derivative control strategy. The control signals are generate using the Texas Instruments DSP TMS320F2808, witch is embedded into the eZdsp F2808 didactic module, from Spectrum Digital / Mestre
17

Alocação otimizada de geração distribuída em redes de distribuição

Zulpo, Roger Samuel January 2014 (has links)
Neste trabalho propõe-se um modelo de otimização que visa alocar a geração distribuída e determinar a injeção de potência ótima neste ponto, considerados três níveis de carga. Com este fim, utiliza-se uma função objetivo onde são mensuradas as perdas de potência ativa no sistema de distribuição, assim como os desvios de tensão em cada barra, sendo estes termos da função objetivo agrupados por meio de uma constante de proporcionalidade. O modelo apresenta ainda uma série de restrições, sendo estas as variáveis de decisão quanto a alocação da GD, fluxo de potência, limite de injeção de potência no sistema, relação entre as potências aparente, ativa e reativa, fator de potência e fluxo reverso de potência na subestação. Neste contexto emprega-se programação não linear com derivadas descontínuas para resolver matematicamente o modelo do sistema elétrico de potência. Quanto aos resultados, o que se observa é a grande capacidade que a GD possui, quando adequadamente ajustada, em melhorar os valores dos principais parâmetros computados neste estudo. / In this work it is proposed an optimization model that aims to allocate distributed generation and determine the optimum power injection at this point, considering three load levels. For this purpose, it is utilized an objective function which measures active power losses in the distribution system, as well as the voltage deviations at each bus, being these terms of the objective function grouped by a constant of proportionality. The model also presents a series of constraints, which are the decision variables for the allocation of DG, power flow, power injection limit on the system, the relationship between the apparent, active and reactive power, power factor and substation reverse power flow. In this context it is employed a nonlinear with discontinuous derivatives programming to mathematically solve the power system model. As for the results, what is observed is the strong influence that DG has, when properly adjusted, in the improvement of the values of the main parameters computed in this study.
18

Estudo, modelagem e simulação de um inversor de comutação suave para aplicação em filtros ativos de potência monofásicos / A study, modeling and simulation of a soft-switched inverter for an AC single-phase active power filter

Alex Antonio Affonso 24 July 2007 (has links)
Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo apresentar um estudo, uma modelagem e uma simulação de um inversor de comutação suave para aplicação em um filtro ativo para instalações de baixa e média potência. Inicialmente apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica sobre inversores de comutação suave, onde os mesmos são classificados em função do local onde o circuito auxiliar de comutação suave está inserido, gerando três classificações básicas: comutação de linha, comutação de carga e comutação de chave. Três processos de comutação suave são apresentados: comutação em zero de tensão, comutação em zero de corrente e comutação em zero de corrente e zero de tensão. Dentro deste contexto apresentam-se as diversas topologias de inversores de comutação suave. Uma análise de comutação de um inversor em um filtro ativo monofásico é apresentada e o inversor ZCT com duas chaves auxiliares é selecionado para ser aplicado no referido filtro. Uma modelagem completa do inversor ZCT com duas chaves auxiliares é apresentada e corroborada pela comparação dos resultados de simulação obtidos a partir do modelo teórico com os resultados obtidos por meio de simulações realizadas no SPICE. A Modelagem do inversor ZCT com duas chaves auxiliares culmina em uma nova metodologia de projeto, onde é possível determinar com grande exatidão a máxima corrente de carga para a qual o inversor ainda opera no modo ZCT. Diversas simulações realizadas no Simulink/Matlab e no SPICE comprovam as comutações suaves em zero de corrente nas chaves do inversor e também o desempenho dinâmico do mesmo quando operando em um filtro ativo paralelo. / This work shows the study, the selection and the analysis of a soft-switched inverter for an ac single-phase active power filter. For this, various topologies of the soft-switched inverters are classified based upon the location of the auxiliary circuit and the topology that achieves the goals for application in the active power filter is selected. Three commutation processes are presented: zero voltage switching (ZVS), zero current switching (ZCS) and zero current and zero voltage switching (ZCZVS). The ZCT inverter with 2 auxiliaries switches is selected for the application in an ac single-phase active power filter: this topology reduces the turn-on losses and practically eliminates the turn-off losses of all IGBTs of the inverter. Some new guidelines to project the ZCT inverter with 2 auxiliaries switches are presented, achieving an accurate calculation of the maximum load current for operation in ZCT. The results of the simulation from Simulink/Matlab and SPICE prove some goals of the ZCT inverter: the ZCT inverter with 2 auxiliaries switches reduces the total losses when compared with the hard-commutation inverter and the dynamic performance of the ZCT inverter applied in an ac single-phase active power filter is showed.
19

Alocação otimizada de geração distribuída em redes de distribuição

Zulpo, Roger Samuel January 2014 (has links)
Neste trabalho propõe-se um modelo de otimização que visa alocar a geração distribuída e determinar a injeção de potência ótima neste ponto, considerados três níveis de carga. Com este fim, utiliza-se uma função objetivo onde são mensuradas as perdas de potência ativa no sistema de distribuição, assim como os desvios de tensão em cada barra, sendo estes termos da função objetivo agrupados por meio de uma constante de proporcionalidade. O modelo apresenta ainda uma série de restrições, sendo estas as variáveis de decisão quanto a alocação da GD, fluxo de potência, limite de injeção de potência no sistema, relação entre as potências aparente, ativa e reativa, fator de potência e fluxo reverso de potência na subestação. Neste contexto emprega-se programação não linear com derivadas descontínuas para resolver matematicamente o modelo do sistema elétrico de potência. Quanto aos resultados, o que se observa é a grande capacidade que a GD possui, quando adequadamente ajustada, em melhorar os valores dos principais parâmetros computados neste estudo. / In this work it is proposed an optimization model that aims to allocate distributed generation and determine the optimum power injection at this point, considering three load levels. For this purpose, it is utilized an objective function which measures active power losses in the distribution system, as well as the voltage deviations at each bus, being these terms of the objective function grouped by a constant of proportionality. The model also presents a series of constraints, which are the decision variables for the allocation of DG, power flow, power injection limit on the system, the relationship between the apparent, active and reactive power, power factor and substation reverse power flow. In this context it is employed a nonlinear with discontinuous derivatives programming to mathematically solve the power system model. As for the results, what is observed is the strong influence that DG has, when properly adjusted, in the improvement of the values of the main parameters computed in this study.
20

Smart matrix converter-based grid-connected photovoltaic system for mitigating current and voltage-related power quality issues on the low-voltage grid

Geury, Thomas 20 January 2017 (has links)
The increasing penetration of distributed energy resources, in particular Photovoltaic (PV) production units, and the ever-growing use of power electronics-based equipment has led to specific concern about Power Quality (PQ) in the Low-Voltage (LV) grid. These include high- and low-order current harmonics as well as voltage distortion at the point of common coupling. Solutions to overcome these issues, meeting international grid codes, are being proposed in the context of smart energy management schemes.This work proposes a novel three-phase topology for a PV system with enhanced PQ mitigation functionality, tackling the corresponding control challenges.First, a single-stage current-source inverter PV system with active filtering capability is preferred to the more common two-stage voltage-source inverter topology with additional voltage-step-up converter. The system also guarantees a nearly unitary displacement power factor in the connection to the grid and allows for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) with direct control of the PV array power. The grid-synchronised dq-axis grid current references are generated for the mitigation of nonlinear load low-order current harmonics, without the need for additional measurements. Active damping is used to minimise grid-side filter losses and reduce high-order harmonics resulting from the converter switching.Results on a 500W laboratory prototype confirm that active damping reduces the switching harmonics in the grid currents and active filtering properly mitigates the low-order current harmonics. The MPPT algorithm works effectively for various irradiance variations. Second, a PV system with a novel Indirect Matrix Converter (IMC)-based unified power quality conditioner topology is developed for enhanced current and voltage compensation capability, with compactness and reliability advantages. PQ issues such as current harmonics, and voltage sags, swells, undervoltage and overvoltage are mitigated by the shunt and series converters, respectively.The more common Space Vector Modulation (SVM) method used in IMCs is developed for this specific topology. In particular, a new shunt converter modulation method is proposed to additionally control the PV array current with zero switching vectors, resulting in a specific switching sequence.A direct sliding mode control method is also studied separately for the shunt and series converters, so that the zero-vector modulation method of the shunt converter can be used, with no sensitive synchronisation of the switching signals; this contrasts with the SVM method. A new dc link voltage modulation method with 12 voltage zones, instead of 6, is proposed to help overcome the limitation in the choice of shunt converter switching vectors due to the positive dc link voltage constraint.Results are obtained for the direct method on a 1 kW laboratory prototype with optimised IMC dc link connection and alternative shunt converter switching transitions to guarantee a positive dc link voltage. Current and voltage compensation capabilities are confirmed by tests in various operating conditions. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Page generated in 0.0946 seconds