Orientador: Maria da Luz Rosário de Sousa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T10:54:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Grillo_CassiaMaria_M.pdf: 965410 bytes, checksum: 26b2664ba5089a60a57cc8a68d64bcf8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Introdução: A dor e seu alívio são antigas preocupações da humanidade. A dor aguda de origem dental é motivo de procura pela assistência à saúde, principalmente os plantões de urgências odontológicas. A procura pelo bem estar e pela saúde, faz com que as terapias alternativas tornem-se complementares aos tratamentos convencionais, como acupuntura e sangria, reconhecidas como um tratamento para dor. Objetivo: O primeiro objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da acupuntura na redução da intensidade da dor aguda de origem dental e o segundo foi avaliar o uso da terapia com sangria na redução da intensidade da dor aguda de origem dental comparando-a com a acupuntura. Material e Métodos: Este estudo clínico foi realizado no Plantão de Urgências Odontológicas da Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba da Universidade de Campinas e no Serviço de Urgência Bucal, do Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas I, do município de Piracicaba (São Paulo), entre os meses de setembro de 2009 e julho de 2010. A intensidade da dor foi mensurada através da escala visual analógica (Visual Analogic Scale-VAS), variando de zero (nenhuma dor) a dez (máximo de dor), considerando VAS inicial, no momento do convite e VAS final, após o procedimento. Para o primeiro objetivo a amostra foi de 120 pacientes com dor aguda de origem dental, que foram tratados com uma sessão de acupuntura no pré-atendimento odontológico. Os pontos selecionados para a acupuntura foram IG4, E44 e HP8, utilizados isolados ou associados. Para o segundo objetivo a amostra foi de 20 pacientes que relataram estar com o máximo de intensidade de dor no pré-atendimento odontológico, divididos em 2 grupos: sangria (n=10) e acupuntura (n=10). Os pacientes do grupo sangria foram tratados com uma sangria em um único ponto (IG1 ou Ex-CP6), e os do grupo acupuntura foram tratados com uma sessão de acupuntura, utilizando-se os pontos: IG4, E44 e HP8, isolados. Resultados: Dos 120 pacientes do primeiro objetivo, apenas 2,5% (n=3), não apresentaram redução na intensidade de dor (VAS). A aplicação de acupuntura reduziu a intensidade de dor (VAS=0), em 72,50% dos pacientes. Ao considerar-se os pontos utilizados, com apenas 1 ponto, a VAS foi igual a zero, em 24,17% dos pacientes (n=29), com a associação de um 2º. ponto em 35,83% (n=43), com associação de 3 pontos em 12,50% (n=15), sendo que os demais ainda mantiveram a VAS acima de zero. Os pontos quando utilizados isolados apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante (p<0,001). No segundo objetivo os resultados demonstraram não haver diferença estatística significante entre as terapias (p=0,1215). Apresentaram redução da intensidade de dor 90% dos pacientes do grupo sangria e de 80% o grupo acupuntura. Conclusão: A terapia com acupuntura e sangria no pré-atendimento de pacientes com dor aguda de origem dental apresentaram redução na intensidade da dor. Os resultados foram semelhantes quando as técnicas foram comparadas, porém mais estudos devem continuar sendo realizados para divulgação destas terapias no manejo da dor aguda de origem dental, que podem beneficiar o paciente durante o tratamento convencional / Abstract: Introduction: Pain and its relief are old concerns of humanity. Acute pain is a cause of dental demand for health care, especially dental emergency shifts. The demand for welfare and health, makes alternative therapies become complementary to conventional treatments such as acupuncture and bloodletting, recognized as a treatment for pain. Objective: The first objective was to evaluate the effect of acupuncture in reducing the intensity of acute pain of dental origin and the second was to evaluate the use of bloodletting therapy in reducing the intensity of acute pain of dental origin by comparing it with acupuncture. Methods: This clinical study was conducted in After-Hours Emergency Dental of Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas and at the Emergency Center Dental Specialties I from Piracicaba (São Paulo), among the months of September 2009 and July 2010. Pain intensity was measured using a Visual Analogic Scale (VAS), ranging from zero (no pain) to ten (maximum pain), considering initial VAS at the time of the call and end VAS after the procedure. For the first objective was a sample of 120 patients with acute pain of dental origin, were treated with an acupuncture session in the pre-dental care. The acupuncture points were selected for IG4, E44 and HP8, used individually or combined. For the second objective was a sample of 20 patients who reported being with maximum pain before dental treatment, divided into two groups: bloodletting (n=10) and acupuncture (n=10). Patients in group bloodletting one were treated with bloodletting at a single point (Ex-CP6 or IG1), and the acupuncture group were treated with an acupuncture session, using the points: IG4, E44 and HP8 isolated. Results: Of 120 patients in the first objective, only 2.5% (n=3) showed no reduction in pain intensity (VAS). The application of acupuncture reduced pain intensity (VAS=0), 72.50% of patients. In considering the points used, with only one point, the VAS was zero in 24.17% of patients (n=29), with the combination of a 2. points at 35.83% (n = 43), in association with three points from 12.50% (n=15), and the others still held the upper airway above zero. The points when used alone showed statistically significant (p<0.001). The second objective results showed no statistically significant difference between therapies (p = 0.1215). Had a reduction in pain intensity 90% of patients in group bloodletting and acupuncture group 80%. Conclusion: Treatment with acupuncture and bloodletting in the pre-treatment of patients with acute dental pain showed a reduction in pain intensity. The results were similar when the techniques were compared, but more studies should be carried out to dissemination of these therapies in the management of acute pain of dental origin, which may benefit patients during conventional treatment / Mestrado / Saude Coletiva / Mestre em Odontologia

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Bakgrund  Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) är utöver smärta bland de vanligaste biverkningarna för patienter som genomgår anestesi i det postoperativa förloppet. Individuella riskfaktorer för PONV anses vara kvinnligt kön följt av tidigare historia av åksjuka, att vara icke-rökare och användning av postoperativa opioider. Förutom ökat vårdlidande och ökat vårdbehov är PONV associerad med ökad risk för aspiration, och försämrad sårläkning och längre sjukhusvistelse. Syfte  Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva vilka effekter som framkommit för de icke- farmakologiska behandlingsmetoderna akupunktur, akupressur och transkutan elektrisk nervstimulering, mot postoperativt illamående och kräkningar hos vuxna. Metod  Systematisk litteraturstudie med beskrivande design valdes för att sammanställa resultat av relevant litteratur från tidigare studier gjorda inom problemområdet. Sökning av vetenskapliga artiklar gjordes i databasen PubMed. Efter urval och kvalitetsgranskning inkluderades 12 studier i resultatet. Granskning av de inkluderade artiklarnas kvalitet genomfördes utifrån rekommendationerna från Joanna Briggs Checklist for Randomized control trails.   Huvudresultat  Flera av de inkluderade studierna visade att de icke-farmakologiska behandlingsmetoderna akupunktur, akupressur och TENS hade signifikanta positiva effekter mot PONV, det första postoperativa dygnet hos framförallt kvinnor under 50 år. Slutsats  Utifrån de vetenskapliga artiklarna som har inkluderats i denna litteraturstudie, har det framkommit att de icke-farmakologiska behandlingsmetoderna akupunktur, akupressur och TENS har positiva effekter mot PONV hos framförallt kvinnor. Studien kan bidra till ökad förståelse för icke-farmakologiska behandlingsmetoder mot PONV. Därför bör icke-farmakologiska behandlingsmetoder betraktas som ett komplement till sedvanlig behandling mot PONV till patienter som genomgår anestesi i det postoperativa

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A thesis submitted to the College of Dental Medicine of Nova Southeastern University of the degree of Master of Science in Dentistry. Introduction: Low-intensity lasers are one type of alternative therapeutic modality that are being used for their health-promoting effects. To date, no study has directly linked the benefits of this therapy when applied to known auricular acupuncture points to an objective biologic measurement, such as the stress hormone cortisol. The purpose of this pilot study was primarily to measure the concentration of cortisol in saliva in healthy adult subjects before and after laser therapy to known auricular acupuncture points and secondarily to survey the level of anxiety using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and perceived stress using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Methods: 25 (20 experimental and 5 control) healthy adult subjects were recruited. In this double blind design, participants were randomly divided into either an experimental group in which active laser therapy was administered or a placebo group in which the inactive probe was used. All participants completed a pre-VAS survey and a BAI survey. Baseline cortisol measurements were ascertained by participants chewing on a Salivette brand cotton roll. Bilateral laser auricular acupuncture was performed using the Asah 301 Unilaser to auricular acupuncture points (Shenmen, Adrenal, Addiction, Appetite, and Lung) for 27 seconds each. Saliva was collected immediately after treatment, ten minutes after and then twenty minutes after treatment. A post-VAS survey was then completed. Saliva was collected, frozen and stored and then later thawed and centrifuged. A cortisol specific ELISA was conducted to determine the cortisol concentration found in each participant's saliva at each time point. VAS and BAI survey were analyzed. Results: A dependent two-tailed t-test found that there was a statistically significant difference in cortisol concentration (p < 0.0001) between baseline and twenty minutes after treatment for the experimental group whereas there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.79) for the placebo group. This was confirmed by the Friedman Test (p = 0.000) and the Wilcoxon Matched Pair Sign Rank Test (p = 0.003). No correlations were found between the VAS, BAI, and cortisol concentrations using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Conclusions: This pilot study demonstrated that cortisol concentration can be decreased by laser auricular acupuncture over the time period studied.

The purpose of this project was to investigate the mechanism of action of acupuncture on a critical neural substrate involved in alcoholism. Specifically, this study evaluated the effects of stimulation of the acupuncture Shenmen (HT7) point on inhibitory GABA neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), a midbrain structure implicated in drug and alcohol abuse, and ethanol self-administration. In addition, the role of opioid receptors (ORs) in ethanol and acupuncture effects was explored. Using electrophysiological methods in mature rats, we evaluated the effects of HT7 stimulation and opioid antagonists on the VTA GABA neuron firing rate. With behavioral paradigms, we also assessed those effects on ethanol self-administration, using a modification of the sucrose fading procedure. We found that HT7 stimulation produced a biphasic modulation of VTA GABA neuron firing rate characterized by transient enhancement at the onset of stimulation followed by a prolonged inhibition and subsequent recovery in 5 min. HT7 stimulation blocked the typical suppression of VTA GABA neuron firing rate produced by a moderately intoxicating dose of ethanol. The late inhibition produced by HT7 stimulation as well as HT7 reversal of ethanol's effects on GABA neuron firing rate was blocked by the non-selective opioid receptor antagonist, naloxoneIn addition, HT7 acupuncture reduced ethanol self-administration without affecting sucrose consumption. More important, systemic administration of the δ-opioid receptor (DOR) antagonist, naltrindole blocked ethanol suppression of VTA GABA neuron firing rate and significantly reduced ethanol self-administration without affecting sucrose consumption. These findings suggest that DOR-mediated opioid modulation of VTA GABA neurons may be related to the role of acupuncture in modulating mesolimbic DA release and suppressing the reinforcing effects of ethanol. We confirmed that acupuncture stimulation may have a significant impact on the inhibitory neuron activity in the VTA and that acupuncture may serve as an effective adjunct to OR antagonist therapy for alcoholism.

Syftet med denna litteraturstudie är att undersöka effekten av akupunktur samt ge exempel på några områden inom vilka akupunktur hittills har används. Metoden är en litteraturstudie som baserar på nio vetenskapliga artiklar. Artiklarna granskas utifrån kriterier på vad en vetenskaplig artikel ska innehålla enligt Polit. & Hungler. Reliabiliteten av 8 artiklar betygsätts enligt Carlsson & Eimans bedömningsmall för kvalitativ och kvantitativ studier. Elektroniska databaser som Cinahl, Cochrane Library, PubMed, och Medline har använts vid litteratursökning. Resultatet av denna studie visar på övervägande positiva effekter av akupunktur på symtom, mentalt o emotionellt och socialt. Patienten upplever att symtomen lindrades, att ha styrka och uthållighet och bättre självförtroende. / The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of acupuncture and give some examples of which area acupuncture have been used so far. The method is a systematic review of literature based on 8 articles. These articles were revised according to Polit & Hunglers´ criterion for a research article. However the reliability of these 8 articles are valued according to Eiman & Carlssons´ assessment pattern for qualitative and quantitative study. Electronic database as Cinahl, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Medline had been used in searching research articles. The findings of this study show an overwhelming extent of positive experiences of acupuncture treatment in symptom, mental, emotional and social plan. The patient experiences the effect of acupuncture by alleviating the pain, by having strength and stamina and better self-confidence.

Chronic pain is common in the United States, with studies suggesting that pain impacts 20% of adults annually. There are many pharmacological agents used to treat pain, including but not limited to opioids, gabapentin, oral analgesics, and antidepressants as analgesics. Acupuncture has been shown to be effective in reducing musculoskeletal pain, headaches, and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in adults. Children also suffer from chronic pain, but minimal research has examined the use of acupuncture for treatment of pediatric pain. The purpose of this retrospective chart review is to quantify pain reduction in pediatric joint pain treated with acupuncture. The pain scores prior to first and sixth acupuncture treatment for knee pain were compared for 14 pediatric patients. Daily activity and functions scores were obtained from 6 patients. Our results revealed a statistically significant reduction in median pain score (P=0.002). 47% of our sample reported clinically significant pain reduction (> 30% reduction in pain on numerical rating scale (NRS)) and 60% of individuals with baseline moderate-severe pain reported clinically significant pain reduction. The median interference of pain with daily activity was reduced in 5 of 7 daily activities. Our results suggest that acupuncture might be an effective treatment modality for pediatric knee pain and improving quality of life.

As much as we thought about artificial lighting in planning of our urban nightscape, it is necessary to balance it with consideration regarding darkness. In response to the problems caused by artificial lighting; such as light pollution and disruption to human circadian rhythm, darkness should be seen as a value that brings balance for the environment. There are nine values of darkness in urban illumination; efficiency, sustainable, ecology, healthiness, happiness, connects to nature, stellar visibility, heritage &amp; tradition, wonder &amp; beauty (Stone, 2019). In Designing for Darkness, Stone (2019) described three concepts to bring darkness into urban illumination design; Incremental Darkening, Environmentally Responsive Lighting, and Urban (Dark) Acupuncture. Urban Acupuncture is an effort to revitalize area and its surroundings through intervention in the strategic key point. (Leiner, 2014). In terms of urban lighting, the concept of Urban (Dark) Acupuncture described as an attempt to accentuate a strategic location in a city with darkness (Stone, 2019). This master thesis aims to apply the Urban (Dark) Acupuncture concept into a conceptual lighting design proposal for Sudirman Street, Jakarta. Functioned as a Central Business District of Jakarta, Sudirman Street is considered as a strategic key point for the intervention. The design proposal will be focusing on pedestrian facility of the street, and final result will be evaluated by the user. Keywords: Urban Lighting, Urban Acupuncture, Light Pollution, Darkness