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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Adaptation non-anticipée de comportement : application au déverminage de programmes en cours d'exécution / Unanticipated behavior adaptation : application to the debugging of running programs

Costiou, Steven 28 November 2018 (has links)
Certains programmes doivent fonctionner en continu et ne peuvent pas être interrompus en cas de dysfonctionnement. C'est par exemple le cas de drones en mission, de satellites et de certains objets connectés. Pour de telles applications, le défi est d’identifier les problèmes et de les corriger pendant l'exécution du programme. De plus, dans le contexte des systèmes à objets, il peut être nécessaire d’observer et d’instrumenter individuellement le comportement de certains objets particuliers. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une solution d’adaptation dynamique de comportement permettant de déverminer individuellement les objets d'un programme en cours d'exécution. Cette solution est présentée sous la forme d’un patron applicable aux langages objets à typage dynamique. Ce patron permet d'implanter de façon minimale et générique des capacités additionnelles d’adaptation dynamique à granularité objet. Une mise en oeuvre de ce patron pour un langage de programmation particulier permet d'instrumenter dynamiquement un programme pour collecter des objets spécifiques et d'adapter leur comportement pendant l’exécution. Nous expérimentons notre patron par des mises en oeuvre en Pharo et en Python. Des dévermineurs dédiés à la mise au point de programmes en cours d’exécution sont mis en oeuvre pour ces deux langages objet. Ces outils sont évalués pour des cas de déverminage concrets : pour une simulation de drones, pour des applications connectées déployées sur des systèmes cyber-physiques distants, pour un serveur de discussion en ligne ainsi que sur un défaut en production d’un logiciel de génération de documents. / Some programs must run continuously and cannot be interrupted in the event of a malfunction.This is, for example, the case of drones, satellites and some internet-of-things applications. For such applications, the challenge is to identify and fix problems while the program is still running. Moreover, in the context of object-oriented Systems, it may be necessary to observe and instrument the behavior of very specifie objects.In this thesis, we propose a method to adapt object behavior in a running program. This solution is presented as a pattern applicable to dynamically typed object-oriented languages. This pattern makes it possible to implement, in a minimal and generic way, additional debugging capabilities at the level of objects. An implementation of this pattern for a particular programming language makes it possible to dynamically instrument a program, by collecting specifie objects and adapting their behavior during run-time. We experiment this pattern in Pharo and Python implementations with dedicated debuggers for each language.These tools are evaluated on typical debugging case studies: a simulation of drones, connected applications deployed on remote cyber-physical Systems, an online discussion server and a debugging session to fix a defect in a production software.
42

Strategies of hyposmotic adaptation in silver seabream (sparus sarba). / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collection

January 1998 (has links)
by Scott P. Kelly. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 378-410). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.
43

An investigation of local adaptation in the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana

Perera, Nicola Krystyna January 2017 (has links)
Species extinction rates are causing alarm. Anthropogenic distortion of the climate system is rapidly altering the natural environment. Arabidopsis thaliana is a model species in molecular biology with widespread wild populations showing functional diversity however its ecology and evolution is poorly understood. Faced with a changing natural world, what is the adaptive potential of the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana? This thesis focuses on the interactions of genotypes, phenotypes and environments to assess the current state of adaptation in this vagile species and to identify mechanisms for rapid adaptation to future stress, focusing on plant pathogens. Here I show that A. thaliana populations in England exhibit evidence of local adaptation and genetic structure. A large common garden experiment using genotypes gathered in natural habitats revealed functional fitness differences in genotype-by-environment interactions. Wild populations showed differential representation of RPM1 alleles suggesting non-random processes are responsible for the exhibited patterns. A further common garden experiment demonstrated ‘home site advantage’ through a correlation between fitness and home site climate, which suggests that local adaptation had occurred. Phenotypic plasticity and mechanisms for rapid adaptation could be essential for plant survival under predicted climate change. Using Xanthomonas spp. as xenopathogens, I show differing levels of pre-adaptation for pathogen response exists in wild UK populations of A. thaliana. By using a multi-generation study, I found some evidence that epigenetic modification enabled rapid adaptation to pathogen stress. Finally, I compared the metabolic expressions of phenotype among genotypes in two artificial environments. Environmental effects detected by this method are far greater than genetic ones, suggesting that metabolic plasticity can underpin environmental adaptation. Taken together, my results suggest that wild populations of A. thaliana contain a range of mechanisms for rapid adaptation to environmental change. If these capacities are general, my work offers a note of optimism about the fate of some wild plant species in the face of global climate change. Additionally, as A. thaliana is a model species in genomics, my findings may facilitate future exploitation of these traits by crop geneticists.
44

Functional consequences of morphological variation between locally adapted populations

Camarillo, Henry January 1900 (has links)
Master of Science / Department of Biology / Michael Tobler / Natural selection drives the evolution of traits to optimize organismal performance, but optimization of one aspect of performance can often influence other aspects of performance. Here, we asked how phenotypic variation between locally adapted fish populations affect locomotion and ventilation, testing for functional trade-offs as well as trait-performance correlations. Specifically, we investigated two populations of livebearing fish (Poecilia mexicana) that inhabit distinct habitat types (hydrogen-sulfide-rich springs and adjacent nonsulfidic streams). For each individual fish, we quantified different metrics of burst-start swimming during simulated predator attacks, steady swimming, as well as gill ventilation. Coinciding with theoretical predictions, we documented significant population differences in all aspects of performance, with fish from sulfidic habitats exhibiting higher steady swimming performance and higher ventilation capacity but slower burst-starts. There was a significant functional trade-off between steady and burst-speed swimming, but not between different aspects of locomotion and ventilation, indicating modularity of traits associated with either aspect of function. While our findings about population differences in locomotion performance largely parallel the results from previous studies, we provide novel insights about how morphological variation might impact ventilation and ultimately oxygen acquisition. Overall, our analyses provided insights into the functional consequences of previously documented phenotypic variation, which will help to disentangle the effects of different sources of selection that may coincide along complex environmental gradients.
45

From Brokeback Mountain to Brokeback Mountain : A Critical Study of the Adaptation Process from Short Story to Film

Westergård, Cecilia January 2009 (has links)
<p>The essay investigates the film adaptation process of the short story "Brokeback Mountain". The short story is compared to the film manuscript and the film. The process of adaptation is analyzed through a narratological perspective and uses Linda Hutcheon's "A Theory of Adaptation" as a starting point when analyzing matters such as focalization, narrators,voiceovers and framed narratives.</p>
46

From Brokeback Mountain to Brokeback Mountain : A Critical Study of the Adaptation Process from Short Story to Film

Westergård, Cecilia January 2009 (has links)
The essay investigates the film adaptation process of the short story "Brokeback Mountain". The short story is compared to the film manuscript and the film. The process of adaptation is analyzed through a narratological perspective and uses Linda Hutcheon's "A Theory of Adaptation" as a starting point when analyzing matters such as focalization, narrators,voiceovers and framed narratives.
47

"Les Romans Mis en pièces": étude sur la Pratique de l'Adaptation Théâtrale à la fin du XIXe Siècle. Le Cas d'Émile Zola (1873-1902)

De Viveiros, Geneviève 24 September 2009 (has links)
Résumé Le XIXe siècle marque la consécration d’une nouvelle tendance au théâtre : la représentation de pièces tirées de romans. En France, cette pratique connaît, surtout dans la seconde moitié du siècle, une popularité sans précédent. La thèse est une étude historique de ce phénomène. La première partie situe la pratique de l’adaptation dans le contexte culturel de la deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle. La deuxième partie étudie les conditions qui entourent la production de ce type de pièce (lieux de représentation, auteurs, éditeurs). Nous nous intéressons aussi dans cette partie au discours critique et à la perception des adaptations théâtrales dans le milieu littéraire. Enfin, la troisième partie se concentre sur les adaptations théâtrales tirées des œuvres d’Émile Zola et représentées à Paris entre 1873 et 1902. Zola fut l’un des auteurs les plus adaptés sur scène au cours de cette période. En cherchant à situer l’œuvre et la participation du chef de file de l’école naturaliste dans ce phénomène théâtral, nous étudions d’abord les positions de Zola à l’égard de la pratique de l’adaptation telles qu’elles s’expriment à travers les chroniques dramatiques et les entrevues qu’il publia dans les journaux. Le deuxième chapitre de cette partie examine la production des adaptations de ses romans et de ses nouvelles représentés à la scène. Notre analyse porte, en dernier lieu, sur la réception de ces œuvres dans la presse à la fin du XIXe siècle. Enfin, nous soulignons dans la conclusion que la pratique de l’adaptation au théâtre participe au développement d’une « culture de l’image » dont le cinéma s’avère le successeur au XXe siècle.
48

Considering Mobile Devices, Context Awareness, and Mobile Users

Su, Jing Chih 17 February 2011 (has links)
Recent years have seen rapid growth and adoption of powerful mobile devices such as smartphones, equipped with sophisticated input and display systems, and multiple communication technologies. This trend has coincided with the rapid deployment and adoption of high-speed Internet services and web-based applications. While this rapid development of mobile technology has provided great opportunities, it also presents significant new challenges compared to traditional desktop computing. Specifically, unlike the traditional desktop computing experience where users are stationary and physically isolated, users in mobile and social settings can be faced with real time demands for their attention. This thesis examines the relationship between mobile devices, context awareness, and mobile users. We propose the use of physical proximity context to adapt and improve system behavior, and enable mobile users to more effectively access and share content in non-desktop settings. This work identifies three distinct challenges in mobile software, and addresses these challenges using physical proximity context awareness. First we address improvements to mobile node network utilization by using proximity awareness to automatically manage local radio resources. Next we address improvements to mobile web-backed applications and services by enabling social proximity awareness. Finally, we enable greater mobility and physical awareness for visually impaired users on mobile devices by providing an interface which enables exploration of spatial geometric layouts.
49

"Les Romans Mis en pièces": étude sur la Pratique de l'Adaptation Théâtrale à la fin du XIXe Siècle. Le Cas d'Émile Zola (1873-1902)

De Viveiros, Geneviève 24 September 2009 (has links)
Résumé Le XIXe siècle marque la consécration d’une nouvelle tendance au théâtre : la représentation de pièces tirées de romans. En France, cette pratique connaît, surtout dans la seconde moitié du siècle, une popularité sans précédent. La thèse est une étude historique de ce phénomène. La première partie situe la pratique de l’adaptation dans le contexte culturel de la deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle. La deuxième partie étudie les conditions qui entourent la production de ce type de pièce (lieux de représentation, auteurs, éditeurs). Nous nous intéressons aussi dans cette partie au discours critique et à la perception des adaptations théâtrales dans le milieu littéraire. Enfin, la troisième partie se concentre sur les adaptations théâtrales tirées des œuvres d’Émile Zola et représentées à Paris entre 1873 et 1902. Zola fut l’un des auteurs les plus adaptés sur scène au cours de cette période. En cherchant à situer l’œuvre et la participation du chef de file de l’école naturaliste dans ce phénomène théâtral, nous étudions d’abord les positions de Zola à l’égard de la pratique de l’adaptation telles qu’elles s’expriment à travers les chroniques dramatiques et les entrevues qu’il publia dans les journaux. Le deuxième chapitre de cette partie examine la production des adaptations de ses romans et de ses nouvelles représentés à la scène. Notre analyse porte, en dernier lieu, sur la réception de ces œuvres dans la presse à la fin du XIXe siècle. Enfin, nous soulignons dans la conclusion que la pratique de l’adaptation au théâtre participe au développement d’une « culture de l’image » dont le cinéma s’avère le successeur au XXe siècle.
50

Considering Mobile Devices, Context Awareness, and Mobile Users

Su, Jing Chih 17 February 2011 (has links)
Recent years have seen rapid growth and adoption of powerful mobile devices such as smartphones, equipped with sophisticated input and display systems, and multiple communication technologies. This trend has coincided with the rapid deployment and adoption of high-speed Internet services and web-based applications. While this rapid development of mobile technology has provided great opportunities, it also presents significant new challenges compared to traditional desktop computing. Specifically, unlike the traditional desktop computing experience where users are stationary and physically isolated, users in mobile and social settings can be faced with real time demands for their attention. This thesis examines the relationship between mobile devices, context awareness, and mobile users. We propose the use of physical proximity context to adapt and improve system behavior, and enable mobile users to more effectively access and share content in non-desktop settings. This work identifies three distinct challenges in mobile software, and addresses these challenges using physical proximity context awareness. First we address improvements to mobile node network utilization by using proximity awareness to automatically manage local radio resources. Next we address improvements to mobile web-backed applications and services by enabling social proximity awareness. Finally, we enable greater mobility and physical awareness for visually impaired users on mobile devices by providing an interface which enables exploration of spatial geometric layouts.

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