Adolf Hitler advocated total control of the press for many years before he was elected Führer. Almost immediately after he assumed power in 1932, Hitler began writing new laws and regulations that totally exorcised all freedoms from the German press. This study follows the path that Hitler took to control the German press from 1920 until the end of World War II. It utilized translations of documents and statements by men whom Hitler appointed to control the press and books written by experts in the fields of communications as well as men who prosecuted Nazi war criminals after World War II. The study found that the control of the press was indeed a very necessary ingredient in Hitler's climb to power and remained crucial during his reign as Führer.

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This project analyzes the various opinions in the United States of Adolf Hitler and the Nazis during the 1930s and studies the amount of information that was available in the United States regarding Nazi Germany before entering World War II. Specifically, it seeks to understand why the United States did relatively little to influence German and European affairs even in the face of increasing Nazi brutality and bellicosity. The analysis has been divided into three different categories. The first focuses on the United States government, and the President and Secretary of State in particular. The second category analyzes the minority opinion in the United States that had Nazi sympathies. Finally, the third deals with the American public in general. The evidence suggests that there was enough information regarding Nazi Germany for Americans to make a reasonable judgment. Most of the United States was opposed to Nazism and the German government. In spite of this, the majority agreed that the United States should not intervene or enter war. This study is significant because it helps shed further light on a debate in the country that continues to the present day: what role should the United States have when it comes to world affairs? The research in this thesis suggests that, in spite of opposition by the American public, if there is enough verifiable evidence of a humanitarian crisis to justify intervention, the government should act.

La restauration d'une Chrétienté, la conversion des nations à la doctrine chrétienne de l'organisation des hommes en société : telle fut la substance des projets de la papauté de l'entre-deux-guerres. Or, ceux-ci trouvèrent dans l'Allemagne des années Vingt un terrain favorable, dès lors que la jeune République, construite par-dessus l'humiliation de la défaite et le chaos de la Révolution, était plus que fragile. Cette quête eut ses relais : les clercs et les religieux, sur lesquels le Saint-Siège voulut renforcer son contrôle pour romaniser un catholicisme parfois suspect de modernisme ; les œuvres catholiques, dont la relance fut au cœur du pontificat de Pie XI ; le Zentrum, au rôle renforcé par la parlementarisation ; le service diplomatique, dès lors qu'enfin, il fut possible d'installer un nonce à Berlin. Mais l'instrument privilégié de la reconquête devait être le concordat. Après les concordats signés avec quelques Länder, le Concordat du Reich du 20 juillet 1933 devait donc représenter le couronnement de cette politique. Or, la victoire était vide de sens. Loin des ambitions restauratrices qui avaient valu en 1919, le traité n'eut plus qu'une fonction de défense, et encore, d'une efficacité sujette à caution, dès lors que le Führer en transgressa immédiatement les dispositions. La thèse s'arrête finalement à l'été 1934, après la nuit des Longs Couteaux et la mort du président Hindenburg. Ces deux épisodes achevaient la construction du totalitarisme nazi; mais en même temps qu'ils révélaient toute la vanité de l'entreprise restauratrice chrétienne, ils signifiaient aussi pour Rome la fin des illusions quant aux possiblités de canaliser Hitler et le nazisme. / My Ph.D thesis is focused on Papal prospects of a Catholic re-conquest, according to the model of the medieval Christianity; that is to say, the papal attempt to place the Roman Church at the heart of society once again, or, in other words, the efforts to restore mutatis mutandi a Christian system, as it was in Europe before the French Revolution. In fact, following the First World War, the situation in Germany offered great possibilities to this kind of Roman policy. We may think about the German needs to get help from the Holy See on the international scene, or the new political order, i.e the Weimar Constitution favorable to Catholic interests and the power gained by political Catholicism. To develop this policy, the Holy See had different means: the ecclesial means, such as bishop's appointments, ecclesiastical formation, theological studies, which were used to romanizzare the german Catholicism and to reinforce roman control over the German Church; second, the means of the Catholic activism, such as religious instruction and education, Catholic lay organizations and Christian political parties. However, the best instrument was certainly the Concordat; and from that point of view, the diplomatic activity was certainly increased by the Nuncio appointed for the first time in Berlin. My thesis ends with the summer of 1934, after the Night of the Long Knives and president Hindenburg's death. Indeed, these two episodes finished the formation of the Nazi Totalitarianism, but they revealed also how vain the Papal policy was. It can be viewed as the beginning of the disillusions in Rome about Hitler and the possibilities of moderating him.

This thesis examines selected political speeches with regard to word-formation and its processes, namely from the grammatical, semantic, and pragmatic points of view. The analyzed political speeches are the Otto von Bismarck's speech delivered on 20 July 1870, the Adolf Hitler's speech delivered on 1 September 1939, the Willy Brandt's speech delivered on 10 November 1989, and the Angela Merkel's speech from 14 December 2015. This is an interdisciplinary thesis which deals with politics, history, and linguistics. The thesis examines four different periods, namely Bismarck's era, Nazism, the Federal Republic of Germany between 1949 and 1990, and the contemporary Federal Republic of Germany. These periods are analyzed from the political, historical, and socio-cultural points of view. Subsequently, the selected political speeches are analyzed with respect to word- formation, its processes, and the period in which they were delivered. The individual results are then compared and certain conclusions are drawn from the comparison. The aim of this thesis is to highlight the importance of word-formation and its processes which are significant for political speeches from the 19th century onwards. This thesis shows and analyzes the motives, purposes, aims, and consequences of their usage in particular...

The thesis deals with the authoritarian regime of the Second Czechoslovak Republic (1938-1939) in its Czech part, with the reasons of its origin, its description and its placement in the contemporary context. It shows the share of Catholic, politic and social elites in its creation as well as in efforts to enforce the Christian character of the new regime. It considers then critical stances against democracy of the Catholic Church, it compares authoritarian regime of the Second Republic with similiar regimes in then Europe and it tries to morally and ethically evaluate then stances of the Czech elites. The thesis also deals with anti-Jewish and anti-Gypsy measures of the Second Republic, and it tries to offer a valuable lesson from its development. Keywords Second Republic, authoritarian regime, Catholics, Catholic elites, party of national unity, estate state, antisemitism, Czechoslovak people's party, Stašek, Šrámek, Munich, Hácha

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This essay is mainly about the Church of the Goths and about the Russian Orthodox Church, and their conflict. The essay will be focusing about important persons in these two churches. This essay will be tracing back the roots of the Church of the Goths, since it is a church, that is unknown by most people in this world. My research will be making a distinction of the differences between the Church of the Goths and the Russian Orthodox Church. This essay will also be discussing the heritage of the Gothic people and the theories of the Goths.The methods in the essay, is academic sources, information from the Church of the Goths and from the Russian Orthodox Church. The results shows how the information was found, and now it is published for the first time about the Church of the Goths. This means the Church of the Goths has a stronger ground than first expected. The methods were comparing what the different sources says, and if it was possible to connect the Church of the Goths to the Metropolitanate of Gothia, and so on.