This case study was written within the broader concept of Organisational Culture and how it is integrated into an organisation to encourage responsible leadership. The core focus and emphasis of this approach is to establish the implications for businesses operating in the most challenging of commercial environments, while adhering to their corporate ethos and organisational values. These may be summarised with the phrase: Only a clean business is a sustainable business. This dissertation is intended to act as a case study and resource aide for the teaching of leadership, organisational behaviour, human resources and business sustainability. The study is about the Afghanistan chapter of the global giant Siemens, which has been working in many areas of specialisation conducting business in the country for more than 75 years. It has been selected for this case study because of its long-term impressive record, during which time it has developed and sustained a reputation as an organisation with a much-admired organisational culture, and one to which employees feel very closely attached and connected. This case study evolved from a set of unique as well as difficult circumstances. In Afghanistan, where infrastructure is weak, businesses and other structured organisations are in their initial and immature stages of development, and employee attachment to their workplaces is relatively weak. In the case of Siemens however, it has been much the opposite. It became apparent over a protracted period of time that the relationship of employees to the company was clearly of a positive and committed nature, unlike the general perception stemming from other multinational organisations operating within the country. Many business organisations in Afghanistan tend to emphasise to a lesser degree some modern-day practices of employer-employee relationships, which negatively affect motivation and commitment. The study grew out of the observations that employees of Siemens on the other hand, seemed to exhibit attitudes and commitments contrary to the general trend in the wider business sector. This project began with the intention to identify those factors contributing to employee loyalty and strong attachments to an organisation. Subsequently, the same findings were used to identify the traits and particular features working within the organisational environment.

University of Technology, Sydney. Faculty of Design, Architecture and Building. / The purpose of this research is to examine the initial post-arrival process of recently arrived humanitarian entrants into Sydney, Australia from three non-traditional source countries, Bosnia, Iraq and Afghanistan. Resettlement was examined from social, economic and health perspectives, with the determinants influencing the settlement process being identified as a precursor to understanding the long-term adjustment process. A literature review on settlement adjustment from a multidisciplinary approach confirmed the dearth of research on early refugee settlement experience in Australia and overseas for groups other than the Indochinese. Such research has tended to concentrate on one of the specific aspects of settlement rather than attempting a holistic approach to understanding adjustment patterns. Subsequently, 44 key informants, representing over 25 different organisations providing services (both government and non-government) to humanitarian entrants, were individually surveyed to gather information on their clients' needs, perceptions and problems. Issues emerging from both the literature review and key informants' survey formed the basis of a survey of 172 recently arrived Bosnian, Iraqi and Afghan humanitarian entrants. Among the statistical tools used to analyse the entrants' surveys were Pearson's correlation coefficient, analysis of variance, Kendall's tau correlation, Spearman's rho correlation and Cronbach's alpha. Results indicated that during the initial settlement stage, the former socio-economic background of the entrants has little impact on their economic, social or health adjustment. Instead, the conditions of departure, such as the loss of property, long-term incarceration, torture and trauma, were found to have a far reaching influence on the entrants' social and health experiences in their new country; however, despite the variety of traumatic pre-departure experiences, the resilience of the entrants reinforced their determination to participate in the workforce. Although commonalities were found among the three groups in settlement outcomes, there were also distinct differences. The groups shared difficulties such as post-arrival unemployment, lack of suitable accommodation and family reunion concerns. However, the Bosnians, for example, experienced the greatest degree of health-related problems, the Iraqis expressed the greatest interest in sponsoring family members and the Afghans were the most well-adjusted of the three groups. Detailed policy implications are also presented; these emphasise that humanitarian entrants may experience adjustment difficulties qualitatively different from those of traditional migrants and argue for improved support services.

<p>The background to this paper is the events that have taken place in the Swedish area of responsibility in Afghanistan where Swedish troops have been ambushed by the insurgents. Although the troops primarily where riding in Toyota Land Cruisers they had no casualties. I think that the Swedish force needs other vehicles that can be armed and are armoured.</p><p>When I compared three different types of armoured vehicles, I found that PTGB 6 is the vehicle of choice, according to the special needs that a Swedish EOD-squad, their task and their equipment have. </p>

The background to this paper is the events that have taken place in the Swedish area of responsibility in Afghanistan where Swedish troops have been ambushed by the insurgents. Although the troops primarily where riding in Toyota Land Cruisers they had no casualties. I think that the Swedish force needs other vehicles that can be armed and are armoured. When I compared three different types of armoured vehicles, I found that PTGB 6 is the vehicle of choice, according to the special needs that a Swedish EOD-squad, their task and their equipment have.

Television has developed dramatically over the past six years in Afghanistan with a potential for providing extensive health information to its viewers, yet little is known about the coverage of health issues on Afghan television. Using the theories of agenda-setting and framing, and social norms approach this study explored what health-related topics were covered, how they were covered, and what sociocultural practices were broadcasted by the major Afghan private, national televisions. The study used a sample of six constructed weeks in 2010 of two leading private, national television networks. Firstly, the study found that priority health problems such as maternal and child health, communicable disease and mental health received very less coverage. Secondly, however, individual-level and societal-level causes were blamed equally for the health problems; individual behaviour solutions were the favourite choice of the media, turning a blind eye to government weakness and organizational solutions. Thirdly, self-prescription, religious and traditional health seeking behaviour, and gender inequity were routine practices reflected on television. As the first content analyses of the coverage of health-related issues in Afghanistan, the study provides public health professions, the Afghan media and policy makers a broad picture of health information available to the public on the leading Afghan television stations.

Television has developed dramatically over the past six years in Afghanistan with a potential for providing extensive health information to its viewers, yet little is known about the coverage of health issues on Afghan television. Using the theories of agenda-setting and framing, and social norms approach this study explored what health-related topics were covered, how they were covered, and what sociocultural practices were broadcasted by the major Afghan private, national televisions. The study used a sample of six constructed weeks in 2010 of two leading private, national television networks. Firstly, the study found that priority health problems such as maternal and child health, communicable disease and mental health received very less coverage. Secondly, however, individual-level and societal-level causes were blamed equally for the health problems; individual behaviour solutions were the favourite choice of the media, turning a blind eye to government weakness and organizational solutions. Thirdly, self-prescription, religious and traditional health seeking behaviour, and gender inequity were routine practices reflected on television. As the first content analyses of the coverage of health-related issues in Afghanistan, the study provides public health professions, the Afghan media and policy makers a broad picture of health information available to the public on the leading Afghan television stations.

Syftet med denna undersökning är att undersöka vilken inverkan Stinger hade på sovjetiska styrkors taktik och nyttjande av arméflygets helikoptrar i Afghanistan. Undersökningen har genomförts som en kvalitativ litteraturstudie. Sovjetiska styrkors och Mujahedins taktiker samt införandet av Stinger har studerats. Två forskningsfrågor har formulerats för att undersöka Sovjets och Mujahedins taktik under kriget; "Hur såg det sovjetiska arméflygets taktik ut vad beträffar nyttjande av helikoptrar innan respektive efter 1986 i Sovjet-Afghanistan kriget". Samt "Hur såg Mujahedins taktik ut innan respektive efter 1986 i Sovjet-Afghanistan kriget." För analys används de grundläggande förmågorna samt taktikanpassning och taktikutveckling som teoretiskt ramverk för att precisera skillnader i de taktiska förändringar som skedde under kriget. Taktiska förändringar i anslutning till införandet av Stinger har diskuterats för att möjligen se om vapnet legat till grund för dessa. Tre slutsatser har dragits av undersökningen: 1) Stinger kan ha krävt att det sovjetiska arméflyget avdelade mer resurser för planering och genomförande av operationer. 2) Stinger reducerade det sovjetiska arméflygets flygningar med helikoptrar under dagtid. 3) Stinger kan ha tvingat sovjetiska helikoptrar att flyga mycket lågt vid flygning i dagsljus.

Texte remanié de: Thesis Ph. D.--University of Cambridge. / Bibliogr. p. 233-248.

Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009. / Thesis Advisor(s): Rothstein, Hy. Second Reader: Blanken, Leo. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 26, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Strategy, asymmetric warfare, unconventional warfare, Arreguin-Toft, probability of victory, institutional predisposition, Afghanistan. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-82). Also available in print.

Thesis (M. Journ.)--University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [44-46]).