"Literaturverzeichnis": p. (314)--317. / Map on lining paper. Second edition.

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Rustenburg Platinum Mines, Union Section, is located in the mafic phase of the north-western sector of the Bushveld Complex. This part of the Complex is characterised by transgressions of Upper zone ferrogabbros across the lower sequence of mafic rocks. These transgressions have effectively isolated a roughly triangular segment of Lower, Critical and Main zone rocks. It is in the upper part of the Critical zone that the Merensky Reef, with a strike length of 9,5 km, is found to suboutcrop below a 2-3 m black turf soil cover and it constitutes the orebody being mined at Union Section. Underground mining and development have exposed a stratigraphic succession from the Middle Group chromitites to within the lower part of the Main zone gabbros. A detailed investigation of a 100 m stratigraphic succession was undertaken in the upper part of the Critical zone, which includes the Bastard Reef, Merensky Reef, Pseudo Reef, UG 2 and UG 1 layers. Stratigraphic descriptions are presented for both a normal and potholed succession, as well as a description of pothole characteristics. The variations of Merensky Reef thickness, pothole distribution and structure of the are body are also discussed. Forty seven whole-rock major- and trace-element analyses were carried out on selected samples from both normal and potholed successions, although more emphasis was placed on the former. These samples were taken from just below the UG 1 to above the Bastard Reef. Trace elements determined included Sr, Rb, Y, Nb, Zr, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu and V. The cyclical nature of the layering is clearly defined by breaks in the trends of both the major- and trace element analyses, although some elements are strongly influenced by the modal proportions of the mai n mineral phases. Although major breaks are observed for individual elements , insignificant variation of the Mg/Mg+Fe 2 + ratio is observed throughout. New electron microprobe data are presented for the main silicate phases olivine , orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and plagioclase , while only a limi ted number of analyses were carried out on the spine l phase. There would appear to be a reversal of the expected fractionation trend from the hanging wal l of the UG 2 to the Pseudo Marker layer. There is an upward increase of the Fo content of the olivine from F0₇₆ , ₇₋₈₁,₆ . A similar trend is observed for the orthopyroxene analyses . The Merensky unit, as a whole, exhibits a gradual decrease in the Mg end member of the Ca-poor pyroxenes from En ₇₈,₅₋₇₄ . was found to be markedly more calcic Cumulus plagioclase (An ₇₂, ₈-₈₁, ₇) than the intercumulus phase (An₅₆,₃₋₇₁, ₉) ' A further feature of the cumulus plagioclase is that strong zonation was observed with the cores of individual crystals being consistently lower in Ca relative to their margins . / KMBT_363 / Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in

This study investigated the factors that affect the job satisfaction of principals of previously disadvantaged secondary schools in the North West Province. The aims of the study were to determine empirically, through quantitative and qualitative means, the factors that influence the job satisfaction of the principals, and to make recommendations of ways to improve their job satisfaction. In the quantitative phase the research design was a survey. Data were collected from a purposefully selected sample of 30 principals of 30 secondary schools conveniently situated and accessible, in rural villages and townships. Thereafter a phenomenological approach was used to select eight principals from the same sample. The aim was to, by means of interviews, find clarity on the trends observed in the quantitative phase. The researcher purposefully selected participants representing a maximum variation regarding gender, geographical location, and years of experience as a teacher or a headmaster. The results indicated that the factors that enhanced the job satisfaction of the selected principals related to the nature of their work in the sense that it was stimulating, important and varied. Their interpersonal relationships were also gratifying. These relationships referred to cooperative staff, appreciative colleagues and supervisors, well-behaved learners, and supportive parents. Specific factors also brought about job dissatisfaction. In particular, the majority of the principals were frustrated with poor management on the part of the Department of Education. This was linked to a lack of autonomy of the principals, excessive bureaucracy, and poor policies. The principals believed that these policies exacerbated the problems they already had with ill-disciplined learners, the poor work ethics of some educators, unsatisfactory matriculation results, pitiable physical working conditions, and uninvolved parents.Results from the research also showed that the principals thought their workloads were not aligned to their salaries, and that reward systems were needed. Recommendations to enhance the job satisfaction of the principals of the identified secondary schools were made to the SGB and other school managers, as well as to the Department of Education, and recommendations for future research were also put forward. Finally, a number of limitations of the study were pointed out. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Education Management)

Introduction: Land reform is one of the consistently debated, complex and contested subjects in the South African development discourse. Many impoverished communities have been dispossessed of their land during the colonial past. Indicators, measures and evidence of success in land reform are scant, anecdotal and poorly documented. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine whether land reform in South Africa can indeed yield positive development outcomes. In the absence of clear indicators to measure successful land reform, the researcher uses case study methodology to evaluate the impact of land reform on a particular community, the Barolong-Balemirui Project in the North West Province. Methodology: Generic Qualitative methods are used to collect and analyse data collected from (n=45) participants. Within this, multiple data collection approaches that include document analysis, informal discussions and unstructured interviews were utilised to gain insights into the role played by South African land reform across a range of developmental outcome areas. Findings: The study found that land reform could indeed, produce positive development among the impoverished communities in South Africa. This empirical exploration also highlights that the success of land reform programmes and projects depends on many interlinked variables which include enabling policies; the availability of support from development institutions; the private sector and the state, the commitment of the beneficiaries in utilising the land for development purposes as well as the appropriateness of the identified development objectives. The development inputs and outputs of a successful land reform project are therefore multifaceted and complex. Conclusion: This study emphasises the importance of the participation of beneficiaries in the evaluation of land reform projects to determine real and lasting developmental impact. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies)

M.A. (Social Development) / The North West Province is predominately comprised of rural areas. The occupants of these areas are mostly rural, underprivileged with only a few of the important basic facilities. In most areas the community still get water from the village tap, use wood for heating and candles for lighting. Unemployment is rife, despite the fact that there are mines around Rustenburg, the area in which this study is carried out, has quite a number of people who are jobless. Community Development Projects have been started in this area of the province to uplift the standard of living of these communities, but to no avail. The aim of this study ls to investigate the opinions of participants concerning these projects, with the final aim of improving maximum participation. The failure of these projects is a concern to service providers, service consumers and funders.

M.Sc. (Environmental Management) / Any change in land-use goes hand-in-hand with changes in the prevailing ambient conditions such as a change in the prevailing environmental noise and ground vibration levels. This increase may have an impact on the health and well-being of people and may furthermore result in structural damage to houses. The level of exposure will depend on the type of activity, distance from the source and the attitude of the people exposed to the land-change activities. The main objective of this research was to identify, compare and determine what the impact of mine establishment could have on a residential area some 900m from the mine footprint area. The results of the survey would assist management in employing engineering control measures which would control the exposure levels. Mines are generally established in frontier regions where there are already formal and informal residential areas. These residential areas are usually in rural districts with low prevailing ambient noise levels or, if in fact perceptible, insignificant ones at the most. This study dealt with the evaluation of physical aspects such as environmental noise and ground vibration levels and the determination of exposure levels, an issue of environmental impact and of concern to public health. The village which is being exposed to increased noise and ground vibration levels is a formal housing area with infrastructural components such as roads, water and electricity connections. The exposure levels before and during the construction phase gave an indication of the positive or negative exposure levels that the people were enduring during the establishment phase of the mine...

D.Phil. (Curriculum Studies) / The three-year long study (2008-2010) highlights the conceptual and practical challenges in providing professional teacher development that is research-driven. It aimed to develop teachers‟ understanding of how they could use their individual interpretation and translation of the concepts and underlying principles of the content they were teaching as a resource or foundation for their own professional development. The study involved three schools in the North West province of South Africa. It investigated a research approach that was used with English First Additional language (EFAL) teachers (N=9) to initiate a self-driven professional development model. The study adopted a participatory action research (PAR) approach to elicit the teachers‟ voices about their teaching and experience of the research process. Classroom observations, stimulated recall discussions and focus groups were employed. While teachers were interested in the research process they still indicated difficulties in engaging in a self-reflective process that required them to problematise their taken-for-granted professional beliefs and practices. The finding amongst others is that teachers could not refer directly to the theories on additional bilingualism that ought to have informed their teaching unless researchers engaged them in deliberations that were not self-sacrificing or professionally threatening. For them to be willing to reveal tacit beliefs and values and expose themselves in a process of self-explanation requires „empathetic neutrality‟ from researchers. Consequently, to understand how teachers experience and understand their teaching the study had to adopt a broader view of competence that was not restricted to their practice. The argument in the study is that the type of competence that would be consistent with the logic of the Revsed National Curriculum Statement (RNCS) is an integrated/complex model of competence, underpinned by excellence and rational decision-making and based on moral and ethical values The school-based study provided teachers with a platform in which their voices and practices witnessed were meaningful resources for their professional development. It highlights a strategy that may be useful for promoting self-initiated professional development.

D.Ed. (Educational Psychology) / Too many students worldwide, also in South Africa, underachieve scholastically. This state of affairs (high scholastic underachievement) in many schools, particularly in Black rural schools in South Africa, is a matter of grave concern amongst educators. These scholastic underachievers do not realise their potential, do not acquire skills for any decent job, are jobless, fiustrated, make no meaningful contribution to society, render the state's effort of having financed (subsidised) their education meaningless and uneconomical and are viewed as failures as human beings and of society as such. To address this problem, it is extremely germane for specialists and the community to join hands, pool knowledge, expertise and experience in order to investigate the causes of scholastic underachievement and what precautionary measures can be taken to curb scholastic underachievement. Every effort must be made to understand the causes of scholastic underachievement in order to develop prevention strategies to counteract this phenomenon. The aim of this study is to explore the phenomenon of scholastic underachievement within the context of rural Black South Africa and, based on the results of the study, to develop a prevention strategy to be used for scholastic underachievers in rural Black South Africa which would meet both the internal and external needs of the scholastic underachiever. In this research an exploratory and descriptive, qualitative approach which is a generative design is mainly used and is based on the model of theory generation of Chinn & Kramer (1991). The aim of this approach is to develop new insight into these phenomena and to increase understanding. Through focus group interviews, the researcher has been able to explore and describe the viewpoints of principals of schools, parents of scholastic underachievers and fellow learners of scholastic underachievers appertaining to what causes scholastic underachievement and what precautionary measures could be taken to curb and counteract scholastic underachievement.

This study evaluated potential health risks associated with the consumption of commonly consumed leafy vegetables, Amaranthus hybridus (tepe), Brassica oleracea (cabbage) and Spinacia oleracea (spinach) in the gold mining town of Kanana in North West Province, where these three plants were the most commonly consumed. Structured interviews were conducted with 40 households to determine their socioeconomic status and the consumption patterns of vegetables (cultivated and wild plants). Along with interviews, plant samples were sampled in home gardens and at various harvesting locations in the wild for chemical analysis. Finally, analysis of mercury content in the sampled three leafy vegetable species was performed to ascertain the contributions of the vegetables to the dietary mercury intake among a predominantly young and poor subpopulation of Kanana, which was found to be largely dependent on state welfare grants and on the cultivation and gathering of wild plants for survival. The study found that all three leafy vegetable species under analysis had mercury concentrations that exceeded the maximum permitted by the World Health Organisation. The highest mean mercury concentrations were found in A. hybridus 0.287μg/g dry mass and the lowest in S. oleracea 0.128μg/g dry mass. Equally, mercury ingestion through the three leafy vegetables by adults in the surveyed subgroups of Kanana exceeded thresholds prescribed by the (2007). Based on consumption patterns, dietary mercury intake by adults exceeded the recommended limits by one order of magnitude, with yearly dose exceeding by as much as four and three orders of magnitude. Long term mercury exposure can cause damage to the central nervous system and chronic intoxication. The surveyed subpopulation is therefore exposed to health risks from mercury toxicity. To ensure food safety and to protect the residents from metal toxicity, awareness programmes are recommended to educate communities living in the vicinity of mines to avoid the areas of highest contamination, such as the artisanal mine dumps and (in this case) the Schoonspruit stream, and to control the artisanal use of mercury. Alternative vegetable gardening methods such as vegetable container gardening using unpolluted soil can also be implemented for the community. In addition, remediation of all the sites where local people cultivate vegetables and gather edible wild plants should be considered where feasible. The insights gained through the study should be used to inform local land use planning and create awareness among personnel from local regulators and development agencies. The insights can also be used to inform environmental management planning processes, risk mitigation and social impact assessment for industries in the region, in particular those involved in mining. Keywords: consumption patterns, gold mining, human health risk, leafy vegetables, mercury.