Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / In Black and African theology, especially in the North American and African contexts, there is consensus that claims of people of European descent being regarded as God’s chosen people, are heretical and serve to legitimise the domination in the name of differences with regard to race, class and culture. Such discourses may be understood to be a sustained critique, rejection, and even condemnation, of the injustices of imperialism, colonialism, human subjugation like slavery, and racial supremacy. In constructive responses to racial supremacy, claims have been made in certain political discourses, cultural philosophies and theologies, that instead, Black Africans who currently reside in Africa and those Black Africans whose ancestry is vest in Africa, may be regarded as God’s chosen people, and Africa as God’s chosen country. Such views are also expressed in some Christian circles and are discussed in the context of certain historical and contemporary North-American, and Pan-African theologies.

Magister Economicae - MEcon / The "new" South Africa faces a big challenge. Unemployment, poverty and economic hardship still characterise the life of the majority of South Africans. Most people expect this to change under democracy. This will only be possible, however, if the economy can grow fast enough. What type of economic policies can a future government adopt to bring about economic growth and the reduction of poverty? More specifically, can the government raise taxes in order to spend more on the poor without reducing economic growth? The increased expenditure, given the existing deficit, will pressurise government to increase taxes. If this were to happen, the question that comes to mind is whether a savings constraint will develop. At the moment South Africa is not experiencing a savings constraint. This can be attributed to the fact that investment declined more than saving over the past few years. However, if investment has to increase over the next few years to achieve higher economic growth, the question arises whether domestic saving will increase enough to finance it. This will be difficult if an increasing tax burden has a negative impact on saving. Saving has long been recognized as a major factor in the process of economic development, directly by its diversion of resources into the formation of capital, and indirectly through changes in technology which are implemented when new capital is put to use. Few would dispute that domestic saving is important for the financing of development and it is evident that a country will require higher saving rates if it wants to invest more.

Magister Philosophiae - MPhil / It is a well known fact that the development of entrepreneurs will have a number of benefits for the economy of the country. In addition, entrepreneurship represents an important vehicle to address the challenges of job creation and equity in South Africa. Throughout the world, it has been shown that entrepreneurs are playinga crucial role in expanding the economies in innovative and creative ways. - It is the opinion of policy-makers that with the appropriate enabling environment, South African entrepreneurs can follow the examples of Malaysian and Taiwanese entrepreneurs and make their mark on this economy. It would be very naive to assume that entrepreneurship would solve most of the economic problems of South Africa. However, it could not be denied that it does have an important role to play. Given the historical background of South Africa and the consequences thereof namely. unemployment and low economic growth, it becomes clear that the country not only need more entrepreneurs, but a more positive attitude towards entrepreneurship among all communities. The question arises whether systems are in place to develop positive attitudes amongst all communities, particularly the youth. The Presidents Council's Report (1989) highlighted the inability of the current education system to promote entrepreneurship. It is in the light of the history of South Africa, as discussed above, that this study sets out to investigate the attitudes and methods for developing positive attitudes towards entrepreneurship among school children in the Western Cape. The study also aims to assess the factors that have impacted on their attitudes. Both quantitative and qualitative research approaches were used to get detailed "information on the perceptions and attitudes towards entrepreneurship. An exploratory study of available literature and focus group discussions established some key variables that impacted on the attitudes of pupils. In addition, personal and telephonic interviews were conducted with teachers to get their views and opinions on the findings of the survey.

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / The first two official AIDS cases were diagnosed in South Africa in 1982. During the same period of the 1980s, the black/ African population was experiencing an accelerated fertility decline, following a period of accelerated mortality decline. Demographers invoked the demographic transition theory to explain the observed mortality and fertility decline. According to the demographic transition theory, mortality and fertility rates would continue declining to low, post transitional levels with increasing modernization. The relatively higher prevalence of HIV/ AIDS estimated among black/ African South Africans is expected to alter their demographic transition. This research investigates the impact of HIV/ AIDS on the demographic transition of black/ Africans by 2021.

Schooling is a social project of making futures. Youth and families navigate aspirations framed by perceptions of what is possible within starkly unequal conditions of possibility. In Cape Town, persistent colonial and apartheid geography that continues to normalize racialized inequality is made visible and reproduced in large part through schooling patterns and outcomes. The convergence of post-apartheid reforms and global neoliberal trends have accelerated processes of education marketization, including a growing sector of “affordable” private schools that claim to level uneven terrain and interrupt poverty by shaping upwardly mobile youth from township communities. Critics argue they fuel an educational crisis, causing further differentiation in an already inequitable system. Proponents point to failing state schools and assert families’ right to quality education. My research foregrounds perspectives and experiences of those confronted with this double bind between “choice” and “crisis.” Based on 21 months of ethnographic research including participant observation, 35 semi-structured interviews, six unfocused groups, and a 110-respondent educational autobiography survey, A Ticket to Life explores how students, alumni, families, and staff of a low-fee independent high school in Cape Town’s oldest township, navigate the racial and spatial politics of aspiration in an anti-Black city as well as how the school is embedded in the broader racialized politics of transnational education reform. Engaging anthropology, Black studies, and comparative education, I argue that the spatial and affective valences of aspiration are both violent and life-saving in the context of uneven geography, that deep investments in liberal individualist notions of aspiration compromise commitments to liberatory pedagogies, and that, in the context of global racial capitalism, aspiration is deployed as a portable logic to support the transnational spread of market-based education reforms. Nevertheless, youth, families, and educators (in schools and beyond) harness education as both a site and a strategy of struggle, in the process forging a capacity to conspire toward the inextricable goals of racial and spatial justice.

Includes bibliography. / This study examined the response of the Cape Mental Health Society to the mental health problems of Blacks in the Western Cape. This response has been examined against the organisational and the community contexts in which such services are provided. Environmental constraints which surround service provision were examined at macro- and micro-level. The macro-level covered the unfavourable political, social and economic aspects as experienced by both the organisation and its clientele. The micro-level covered those aspects which impinge on service delivery but are within the scope of the organisation. It is agreed that these aspects affect the nature of the response of the organisation to mental health needs of blacks negatively. The study emphasizes the need to define mental health within the South African context from a psychiatric and socio-political perspective as such a definition allows for appropriate service provision. Data was collected from primary and secondary sources. Interviewing was used as a technique for collecting primary data. Structured and unstructured interviews were carried out with people from various disciplines, community members, and present and prospective service consumers. The exploratory-descriptive approach was used. The problems and needs of clients were quantified in terms of the organisation's waiting lists and other criteria. Services rendered by the Society were quantified in terms of clients being served and the number of projects and programmes undertaken to meet different mental health needs. Ideas have been developed about mental health services amongst the black communities and their cultural perception of mental health needs. The findings emphasize inadequacy of the response of the Cape Mental Health Society to mental health needs of blacks. The present facilities are insufficient and inappropriate to mental health needs of blacks. They are characterised by inaccessibility, inefficiency and ineffectiveness where they do exist. A marked inequality in the provision of services to the two population groups, that is, Coloureds and Blacks, has been identified. A framework for developing mental health services for blacks in the Western Cape has been recommended. This framework proposed various steps which can be taken in such development.

Masters in Fine Art by Research Wits School of Art (Division of Fine Art) January 2016 / The Ugandan diaspora to South Africa is a relatively small community with a short history of country of origin to adoptive country relation prior to its development. The cultural legacy of this community is comparatively dilute. Personal narratives from members of this community describe economic prospects and international aspirations as reasons for migration. These same reasons affect the potential for cultural manifestation. The pageant trope expresses the hyphenated relationship to national pride of Ugandans living in South Africa. The Miss Uganda SA pageant, a pageant developed by and catered to the Ugandan diaspora in South Africa, is a central case study in assessing the consequences of a hyphenated identity. Artists such as Benon Lutaaya and Lilian Nabulime give a visual illustration and develop a discussion about what cultural manifestation of Ugandans living in diaspora’s could potentially look like, and how it is affected by hyphenation

Background. Europe and North America have low rates of mental health service use despite high rates of mental disorder. Little is known about mental health service use among South Africans. Design. A nationally representative survey of 4 351 adults. Twelve-month DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th edition) diagnoses, severity, and service utilisation were determined using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Twelve-month treatment was categorised by sector and province. South Africans in households and hostel quarters were interviewed between 2002 and 2004 in all nine provinces. Outcome measures. 4 317 respondents 18 years and older were analysed. Bivariate logistic regression models predicted (i) 12-month treatment use of service sectors by gender, and (ii) 12-month treatment use by race by gender. Results. Of respondents with a mental disorder, 25.2% had sought treatment within the previous 12 months; 5.7% had used any formal mental health service. Mental health service use was highest for adults with mood and anxiety disorders, and among those with a mental disorder it varied by province, from 11.4% (Western Cape) to 2.2% (Mpumalanga). More women received treatment, and this was largely attributable to higher rates of treatment in women with mood disorders. Age, income, education and marital status were not significantly associated with mental health service use. Race was associated with the treatment sector accessed in those with a mental disorder. Conclusions. There is a substantial burden of untreated mental disorders in the South African population, across all provinces and even in those with substantial impairment. Greater allocation of resources to mental health services and more community awareness initiatives are needed to address the unmet need.

No description available.

Thesis (M.A. (History))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2007.