Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Committee on Social Thought, June 1997. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Proefschrift--Groningen. / "Stellingen" inserted at end. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on March 24, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Le mythe des Atrides, qui résume à lui seul, toutes les horreurs et toutes les cruautés dont l’homme a pu se rendre coupable – fratricide, régicide, parricide, matricide, infanticide, inceste, cannibalisme, sacrifice humain – et qui a été relativement négligé par la tragédie classique au XVIIe siècle, a connu un essor sans précédent au XVIIIe siècle où une vingtaine de pièces tragiques lui ont été consacrées, sans compter les opéras et les ballets. Mais ce théâtre tragique, en dépit de son immense succès auprès du public au XVIIIe siècle, a pâti par la suite d’un regrettable préjugé auquel le célèbre vers de Victor Hugo - « Sur le Racine mort, le Campistron pullule », n’est pas étranger. Nous élevant contre cette vision réductrice , nous avons voulu par cette étude qui a porté sur huit des œuvres dramatiques les plus significatives qui ont traité des principaux épisodes de la fable antique – allant du crime de Tantale à la vengeance d’Oreste, en passant par le sacrifice d’Iphigénie et le meurtre d’Agamemnon – montrer la spécificité dramatique, morale et philosophique de la tragédie des Lumières qui a été « un laboratoire des formes et des idées » où se sont élaborées à la fois une sensibilité nouvelle, une nouvelle dramaturgie et une nouvelle vision du monde, bien différentes de celles de la tragédie classique. / The myth of Atrides, which summarizes to him only, all the horrors and all the cruelties the man of which was able to be guilty - fratricide, regicide, parricide, matricide, infanticide, incest, cannibalism, human sacrifice - and which was relatively neglected by the classic tragedy in the XVIIth century, knew an unprecedented development about the XVIIIth century when about twenty tragic plays were dedicated to him, without counting the operas and the ballets. But this tragic theater, in spite of its immense success with the public in the XVIIIth century, suffered afterward from a regrettable prejudice to which Victor Hugo's famous verse - " On the Racine died, The Campistron swarms "-, is not foreign. Raising us against this reducing vision, we wanted by this study which concerned eight of the most significant dramatic works the significant which handled main episodes of the antique fable - going of the crime of Tantale to Oreste's vengeance, including the sacrifice of Iphigénie and the murder of Agamemnon - to show the dramatic, moral and philosophic specificity of the tragedy of the Lights which was " a laboratory of the forms and the ideas " where developed at the same time a new sensibility, a new dramatic art and a new vision of the world, very different from those classic tragedy.

nÃo hà / Na GrÃcia Antiga, mitos como o de AgamÃmnon eram narrados em meios sociais e adaptados ao momento, no qual eram apresentados, possibilitando, assim, vÃrias versÃes de uma mesma narrativa. Acerca do mito de AgamÃmnon, o chefe dos gregos, restaram alguns textos escritos como: na poesia Ãpica, IlÃada e Odisseia de Homero; no poema lÃrico, PÃtica XI de PÃndaro; nas tragÃdias, Oresteia de Ãsquilo, no Ãjax e na Electra de SÃfocles, na HÃcuba, Troianas, AndrÃmaca, Electra, IfigÃnia em TÃuris, Orestes e IfigÃnia em Ãulis de EurÃpides; nos poemas Cantos CÃpriose Retornos do ciclo troiano; e em outras narrativas como a Biblioteca MitolÃgica de Apolodoro e a DescriÃÃo da GrÃcia de PausÃnias. Jà na literatura latina, encontram-se referÃncias ao mito de AgamÃmnon, no Egisto de LÃvio Andronico, na Clitemnestra de Ãcio, na Eneida, de VirgÃlio, nos poemas, A arte de Amar e Metamorfoses de OvÃdio e nas tragÃdias, AgamÃmnon, Troianas e Tiestes de SÃneca. Nessa pesquisa, mostrar-se-à como as obras mencionadas recontam o mito de AgamÃmnon e como Ãsquilo e SÃneca, ao escreverem as suas tragÃdias, ambas intituladas AgamÃmnon, apoderam-se dessa tradiÃÃo literÃria. Analisar-se-à as partes do mito que foram colhidas dessa tradiÃÃo pelos tragediÃgrafos e se tentarà mostrar algumas particularidades dos tragediÃgrafos influenciados por um contexto social, ao recontar esse mito, na tentativa de apresentar uma comparaÃÃo entre os textos quanto ao processo de recriaÃÃo mÃtica feito por Ãsquilo e SÃneca.

nÃo hà / A peÃa em anÃlise neste trabalho, Agamemnon de LÃcio Aneu SÃneca, possui, dentro de seu terceiro ato, uma longa parte narrativa (v. 421-578), realizada por um mensageiro, EurÃbates. EurÃbates narra para a rainha argiva, Clitemnestra, todos os percalÃos por que passaram os gregos no retorno da guerra de Troia. O discurso do mensageiro constitui, por seu carÃter narrativo e sua temÃtica, uma espÃcie de grande interlÃdio Ãpico dentro de uma tragÃdia, o que nos leva a alguns questionamentos: estaria SÃneca colocando em xeque as leis do gÃnero trÃgico ao construir tÃo grande narrativa Ãpica em sua peÃa? A que nÃvel levaria SÃneca a jà tÃo conhecida aproximaÃÃo entre o trÃgico e o Ãpico na Antiguidade? O discurso de EurÃbates, uma vez que possui essa natureza Ãpica, faria alusÃo a poemas Ãpicos e seriam eles importantes para a formaÃÃo de sentido no AgamÃmnon? Como um suposto âdiscurso Ãpicoâ funcionaria nessa tragÃdia? Guiados por tais questionamentos, propomos neste trabalho um estudo do relato da personagem EurÃbates, do ponto de vista do diÃlogo entre o gÃnero trÃgico e o Ãpico e do diÃlogo com outras obras, estabelecido essencialmente atravÃs de alusÃes.

Greek tragedy portrayed the husband and wife relationship as fraught with hos¬tilities and ambivalences. The purpose of this mini-dissertation is to examine these dysfunctions, and to explain them. I have approached the problem from several important angles. I have begun with selected aspects of Athenian Mythol¬ogy and the foundation myths of Athenian culture to see whether there are recur¬rent themes that attest to inherent ambivalences and hostilities towards women within the mythological heritage of Athens. This approach is based on two as¬sumptions: first, that the dynamics of interpersonal relationships portrayed in mythology and literature tend to mirror the modal patterns of cultures and sec¬ond, the experiences of these modal patterns are the inspiration from which a culture draws its mythmaking. I then examine the context of the production of tragedy within the religious framework of the festival of the Greater Dionysia so as to establish a theory of the nature and function of Greek tragedy. The purpose of the second focus is to see whether there are connections between the workings of Greek tragedy and the thematic material it portrays. I have chosen four Greek tragedies within which to explore marital dysfunctions: Aeschylus’ Agamemnon, Sophocles’ Ajax and The Women of Trachis, and Euripides’ Medea. I have un¬der¬taken a close reading of the original texts and commentaries as well as a close reading of comparative translations of the texts for the purpose of this study. My explorations reveal that Athenian society was aware of the risks of the dire imbalance prevailing within their social order, which was created by such a fero¬cious suppression and derogation of half their members. In addition this imbal¬ance was redressed on a continual basis by the production of and through com¬munal participation in tragedy in its function as a ritualistic mechanism for ca¬thartic relief. Thus I conclude that the production of tragedy served to reaffirm the status quo. Tragedy provided a process for the de-structuring of familial and social order first and then sought and promoted a process of psychological restructuring and re-integration. This occurred through the empathetic workings of Catharsis or pur¬gation of negative emotions or feelings of guilt. The cathartic effects of tragedy were designed for men. As a collective therapeutic action it confirmed the male dominated order of society and reaffirmed the Athenian perception of a dualistic reality in the form of irreconcilable opposites: theatre versus life and female ver¬sus male. Tragedies were written by men and performed by men and thus we can expect all symptoms, signs and symbols of male and female conflict to be the products of the masculine psyche. / Prof. J.L.P. Wolmarans