<p><b>Objectives.</b>The general objectives of this dissertationwere to examine the effects of acute exposure to meaningfulirrelevant speech and road traffic noise on memory performance,and to explore annoyance responses to noise exposure in theschool environment for pupils and teachers in different agegroups.</p><p><b>Methods</b>. The thesis comprises seven papers, representingdifferent methodological approaches: experiments, surveystudies and interviews. In the experiments, reported in PapersI-V, 288 pupils and teachers participated in the age groups,13-14 years (n=96), 18-20 years (n=96), 35-45 years (n=48) and55-65 years (n=48). The subjects were randomly assigned to oneof three conditions: (a) meaningful irrelevant speech, (b) roadtraffic noise, and (c) silence. The equivalent sound level inthe noise conditions was set to 66 dB(A). A test batteryreflecting episodic and semantic memory were used. The surveystudies, reported in Paper VI and VII, included 207 pupils(M=13.5) and 166 teachers (M=45.9). Two separate questionnairesmainly comprising items about annoyance, noise sensitivity andstress symptoms were administered. Paper VI presents results offocus group interviews (n=16) treating the main topics:disturbing sounds, emotions, ongoing activity, and suggestionsconcerning future changes. Results. The overall findings showedthat both noise sources affected episodic and semantic memoryto the same degree for all age groups. The results indicatedthat the similarity of semantic content between noise and thetask at hand was not the only suitable explanation model, sincea non-speech noise impaired memory as much as speech.</p><p><b>Results</b>also indicated that attention effects did notmediate the obtained noise effects and that the noise effectsdid not differ between age groups. Therefore, it seemedunlikely that different memory and attentional capacities stoodout as explanatory factors of the memory effects. Sinceperformances of both episodic and semantic memory tasks wereimpaired, the explanation based on level of access to long-termmemory was also ruled out. However, the episodic memory task,reading comprehension, stood out to be most impaired by noise,suggesting that complexity of the task to perform was ofimportance. For reading comprehension there was also adifferent noise pattern obtained. Participants performance wasin this task, more impaired by meaningful irrelevant speechthan by road traffic noise. This effect indicated thatmeaningful irrelevant speech might reduce the availablecognitive resources necessary for learning the text. Theannoyance models derived from the survey studies indicated thatsensitivity acted as a mediator between hearing status andannoyance, with stress symptoms as an outcome. Whetherannoyance arises or not was also determined by control andpredictability of the noise. In the interviews a differentannoyance pattern was found, in that stress symptoms appearedto be a determinant of annoyance. To be involved, respected,take own responsibility and respect others were suggestions onhow to change the environment to become more silent.</p><p><b>Conclusions.</b>For both pupils and teachers acute exposureto meaningful irrelevant speech and road traffic noiseinfluenced both the achieving and providing of knowledge. Acommon annoyance pattern was also found for pupils andteachers, where individual and situational factors were ofimportance. To achieve a more silent school environment in thefuture, the pupils pointed out that the interaction betweenthemselves and their teachers was of importance.</p><p><b>Key words:</b>Noise, meaningful irrelevant speech, roadtraffic noise, memory, age groups, school environment, pupils,teachers</p>

Thesis (Psy.D.)--Wheaton College, 2006. / The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral group therapy intervention for chronic pain with an economically disadvantaged community sample of older adults. Specifically, the study was designed to assess the impact of the intervention on mood, general well-being, and the use of learned coping skills to manage pain. The program was a modified version of Ersek's "Managing Chronic Pain" which incorporated coping skills training in the areas of exercise, relaxation, and cognitive restructuring. The intervention consisted of a six week "class" with a one month follow-up booster session, each session lasting 90 minutes. Twenty-two participants with an average age of 77 living in government subsidized housing completed the program. The program was found to be moderately effective. Participants' pain intensity and interference did not significantly decrease, however scores trended in the predicted direction. Scores in the areas of mood, physical well-being, and coping skills all changed in the predicted directions, however the changes were not statistically significant. Mental health well-being increased significantly following program participation, but returned to initial levels at the one month follow-up booster session assessment. Clinical implications as well as limitations of the study are discussed. Includes bibliographical references (l. 87-96).

Thesis (Psy.D.)--Wheaton College, 2006. / Abstract. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral group therapy intervention for chronic pain with an economically disadvantaged community sample of older adults. Specifically, the study was designed to assess the impact of the intervention on mood, general well-being, and the use of learned coping skills to manage pain. The program was a modified version of Ersek's "Managing Chronic Pain" which incorporated coping skills training in the areas of exercise, relaxation, and cognitive restructuring. The intervention consisted of a six week "class" with a one month follow-up booster session, each session lasting 90 minutes. Twenty-two participants with an average age of 77 living in government subsidized housing completed the program. The program was found to be moderately effective. Participants' pain intensity and interference did not significantly decrease, however scores trended in the predicted direction. Scores in the areas of mood, physical well-being, and coping skills all changed in the predicted directions, however the changes were not statistically significant. Mental health well-being increased significantly following program participation, but returned to initial levels at the one month follow-up booster session assessment. Clinical implications as well as limitations of the study are discussed. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-96).

Thesis (M.S.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 2007. / Typescript. Appendix A: Percent change in spending by industry ; Appendix B: List of top 30 advertisers by medium. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 48 - 51)

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T23:27:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_10506_DISSERTAÇÃO TACIANA.pdf: 1364084 bytes, checksum: 5f4d0201931a412e6fbb5abce16737ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-19 / Introdução: Conhecida desde a Antiguidade, a hanseníase ainda representa um desafio em Saúde Pública. Segundo o Ministério da Saúde, o diagnóstico da hanseníase em menores de 15 anos precisa ser priorizado, uma vez que os casos, nessa faixa etária, podem representar os contactantes ainda não diagnosticados pelo sistema de saúde. Dessa forma, foi feita análise da distribuição espacial dos coeficientes de detecção de casos novos de hanseníase em menores de 15 anos no Estado do Espírito Santo. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, ecológico da distribuição espacial da hanseníase em menores de 15 anos no Estado do Espírito Santo, entre 2010 e 2014. As informações foram resgatadas da base de dados de hanseníase da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Espírito Santo. Foi aplicado o método bayesiano empírico global e local para produzir uma estimativa da incidência da hanseníase, suavizando o efeito da flutuação dos coeficientes de detecção. Resultados: Altas taxas de incidência em menores de 15 anos foram encontradas na Região Norte do estado. As taxas corrigidas pelo método Ebest Global produziram alterações significativas dos valores: dos 42 municípios com incidência zero, nenhum município permaneceu com o número ajustado igual a zero. Conclusão: A distribuição da hanseníase em menores de 15 anos ocorreu de forma heterogênea entre os municípios, identificando possíveis regiões com alto risco de adoecimento. O emprego da análise espacial permite conhecer os locais prioritários para o controle a fim de nortear as políticas públicas de saúde, auxiliando no planejamento de ações da vigilância. / Introduction: Known since Ancient History, Hansen’s disease still presents a challenge to Public Health. According to the Ministry of Health, the diagnosis of Hansen’s disease in people under 15 needs to prioritized, since cases in that age group can represent the individuals exposed, but still not diagnosed by the healthcare system. Therefore, an analysis was made of the spatial distribution of the detection coefficients of new cases of Hansen’s disease in people under 15 years old in the State of Espírito Santo. Methods: Descriptive, ecological study of the spatial distribution of Hansen’s disease in people under 15 in the state of Espírito Santo between 2010 and 2014. The information was collected at the Hansen’s disease database of the Health Secretariat of the State of Espírito Santo. The global and local Empirical Bayes method was applied in order to produce an estimate of the incidence of Hansen’s disease, smoothing out the effect of the fluctuation of the detection coefficients. Results: High incidence rates in people under 15 were found in the Northern region of the state. The corrected rates by the Ebest Global method produced significant changes in value: of the 42 municipalities with zero incidence, none remained with the adjusted number equals zero. Conclusion: The Hansen’s disease distribution in people under 15 years old took place in a heterogenic form among the municipalities, identifying possible high-risk sickening regions. The employment of the spatial analysis allows knowing the priority places to be controlled in order to guide health-care public policies, helping to plan the vigilance actions.

Climate change will lead to higher temperatures and longer summers in the future, which will likely influence the growing season of fish living in temperate lakes. The warm summer of 2018 in Sweden matches prognoses for normal summers at the end of the century and can thus be used to investigate the effect of temperature related factors on fish growth. In this study I used back-calculation of the growth of roach (Rutilus rutilus) caught in Lake Tåkern, Sweden, to find differences in growth during 2018’s hot summer versus the period 2012-2017. I compared growth during these years with results from a similar study from Lake Tåkern in 1978. For this comparison I used 1977 as a representative year for the 1970’s. I applied sclerochronology to the scales to determine age and growth. The results show that growth in terms of length increment was faster in 2018 than in 2012 – 2016. The results indicate that 2018 had an effect on the whole roach population, since significant differences were found across age groups. Additional comparisons between 1977 and 2018 showed no significant difference. Differences in roach growth rate between 2012-2018 could be caused by the differences in mean temperature during the roaches growing season, since 2018 was abnormally warm, and the difference between 1997 and 2018 could be attributed to 1977’s fish death. This means that if the pattern of climate change continues, roach growth rates will increase in the future regardless of age group.

No description available.

Emerging evidence suggests that people not only categorize themselves and others based on age but also in terms of their generational membership. This cross-cultural study compared attitudes and stereotypes toward age and generational groups across the life span in China, Germany, and the United States including 1,112 participants between 18 and 86 years of age. We asked younger, middle-aged, and older respondents to rate either six age groups (e.g., adolescents, young adults, middle-aged adults, young-old, older, and old-old adults) or six matching generational groups (e.g., Generation Z, Millennials, Generation X, Baby Boomer, Silent Generation, and Greatest Generation) on various characteristics (e.g., happy, competent, selfish). Consistent with our hypotheses, the results demonstrate that across all three countries older generations were perceived consistently more positive, whereas older age groups were perceived as less positive. These findings suggest that generations represent a source of positive regard and high social status in later life across different countries with different historical backgrounds and cultures.

Title: Judo training concept of children in age group 8 to 10 years (U11) Objectives: The main objective of this work is to describe and evaluate a judo training concept for children in age group 8 to 10 years (U11). The secondary objective is to create a suitable test battery valid for children of this age. Methods: The thesis has an empirical-theoretical character. The work incorporates analyses of professional literature from the areas of general sports and judo training, data collection, and t-test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient statistical methods. Results: The results of the thesis show that it is very important to focus on the growth of all the individual components of the training based on the age and development specifics of the children. It is also apt to periodically evaluate the training performance through the whole training plan. Keywords: judo, conception, training, children in age group 8 to 10 years (U11), battery of tests

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-11-30T12:57:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GRAZIELA RODRIGUEZ RAMALHO_.pdf: 9033106 bytes, checksum: f9bb8db7a276b0a033851c0b02834eea (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-30T12:57:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GRAZIELA RODRIGUEZ RAMALHO_.pdf: 9033106 bytes, checksum: f9bb8db7a276b0a033851c0b02834eea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-07 / Nenhuma / Estudos de reprodução possibilitam determinar tipo, local, época de desova e tamanho mínimo dos indivíduos envolvidos neste processo. Neste sentido o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os aspectos reprodutivos de quatro populações de peixes (Corydoras paleatus, Astyanax jacuihensis, Bryconamericus iheringii e Cyanocharax alburnus) da parte baixa da bacia do rio Piratini/RS. As coletas foram realizadas de janeiro a março de 2014, em sete locais de amostragens. As capturas foram realizadas com rede de arrasto e puçá. Os espécimes foram eutanasiados em uma solução de Eugenol, para cada litro de água por 1 minuto. Posteriormente, o material foi fixado em formol 10%, por 48h, e conservado em etanol 70%. A identificação no nível de espécie ocorreu no Laboratório de Ictiologia da UNISINOS. Para a análise da biologia reprodutiva dos peixes foram analisados os dados morfométricos e o grau de maturação gonadal. Os sexos foram identificados para todos os exemplares das quatro espécies, baseando-se numa escala de cinco estádios: Estádio A/Imaturo; B/Em Maturação; Estádio C/Maduro e Estádio D/Esvaziado. Os resultados mostraram um total de 727 indivíduos, pertencentes a 6 ordens, 12 famílias, 28 gêneros e 38 espécies. Em relação aos índices de diversidade, Shannon-Wiener, equitabilidade e dominância, as ordens dos Characiformes e Siluriformes dominaram em riqueza. Para os Siluriformes C. paleatus, a análise da proporção sexual não diferiu significativamente, sendo 1:1, enquanto que para os Characiformes, A. jacuihensis, B. iheringii e C. alburnus, houve diferenças significativas de 3:1, com predominância de fêmeas para estas três espécies. A distribuição do fator de condição por local de captura apresentou forte elevação e variação às espécies analisadas, os locais 10 e 24, apresentando crescimento alométrico negativo (b<3). O crescimento alométrico positivo (b>3) foi registrado nos locais 12, 21, 15, 35, 45, 53 e 80 em relação à espécie C. paleatus, assim como, os locais 12, 21, 23, 33 e 53 referente à ordem dos Characiformes. Já nos locais 11, 12, 33 e 53, os Characiformes apresentaram crescimento alométrico negativo (b<3). As fêmeas em Estádio/C, foram encontradas nos locais 10, 15, 24, 45, 53 e 80, correspondente a C. paleatus e para a ordem dos Characiformes registrou-se baixo percentual maioria dos locais amostrados. A distribuição da frequência por classe de comprimento padrão evidenciou que a amplitude de variação de comprimento está compreendida para os Characiformes entre 35 mm a 60 mm, e para os Siluriformes entre 20 mm a 60 mm. Esses resultados são importantes na compreensão ecológica e reprodutiva de peixes do rio Piratini. / Reproduction studies make it possible to determine type, location, spawning season and minimum size of individuals involved in this process. In this sense aim of this study was to describe the reproductive aspects of four populations of fish (Corydoras paleatus, Astyanax jacuihensis, Bryconamericus iheringii and Cyanocharax alburnus) the lower part of the Piratini/RS River basin. Sampling was carried out from January to March 2014 in seven places of sampling. Catches have been taken with trawl and hand net. The specimens were euthanized in a solution of eugenol for each liter de water for 1 minute. Subsequently, the material was fixed in 10% formalin for 48 hours and preserved in 70% alcohol. The identification at the species level was the Ichthyology Laboratory of UNISINOS. To analyze the reproductive biology of fish were analyzed morphometric data and the degree of maturation. The sexes were identified for all copies of the four species, based on a five-stage scale: Step A/immature; B/in maturation; Stage C/Mature Stage D/exhausted; Stadium E/Home. The results showed a total of 727 individuals belonging to 6 orders, 12 families, 28 genera and 38 species. Regarding the diversity index, Shannon-Wiener, equitability and dominance, the orders of Characiformes and Siluriformes dominated in wealth. For Siluriformes C. paleatus, analysis of the sex ratio did not differ significantly, 1: 1, whereas for Characiformes, B. iheringii and C.alburnus, significant differences of 3: 1 with the predominance of Female for these three species. The distribution of the capture site condition factor showed a strong increase and change the analyzed species, local 10:24, with negative allometric growth (b <3). The positive allometric growth (b> 3) was recorded in 12 sites, 21, 15, 35, 45, 53 and 80 in relation to the species C. paleatus, as well as the locations 12, 21, 23, 33 and 53 concerning order of Characiformes. Already at the locations 11, 12, 33 and 53, the Characiforms were negative allometric growth (b <3). Females in Stadium/C were found in places 10, 15, 24, 45, 53 and 80, corresponding to C. paleatus and the order of Characiformes enrolled low percentage majority of sites sampled. The frequency distribution of standard lengths for class showed that the range of length variation for Characiforms is comprised between 35 mm to 60 mm, and the Siluriformes between 20 mm to 60 mm. These results are important in ecological understanding and reproductive Piratini river fish.