A capacidade de identificação de emoções é imprescindível para uma interação social adequada entre indivíduos. Existem transtornos psiquiátricos, como o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), que impedem o reconhecimento de emoções e acabam por comprometer a qualidade de vida das pessoas. Faz-se necessária uma forma eficaz de avaliar e treinar os pacientes na identificação de emoções. Este trabalho faz parte de um projeto maior que objetiva fornecer representações de faces humanas com emoções diversas. Já existe um sistema, implementado em nossos grupos de pesquisa LAPIS-BIOINFOMED, que apresenta como saída imagens de faces com a aplicação das emoções: aversão, medo, raiva, satisfação, surpresa e tristeza, mas restrito à faixa etária jovem, sexo masculino e etnia caucasiana. Este sistema será utilizado no futuro como um jogo para auxiliar no tratamento dos pacientes com autismo, apresentando as imagens das caricaturas para que sejam adivinhadas pelo paciente. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi expandir o algoritmo existente de forma a permitir a combinação de diversas faixas etárias, sexos e etnias, permitindo que as imagens geradas sejam mais próximas ou mais distantes do convívio do paciente em tratamento, graduando assim a dificuldade no reconhecimento das emoções aplicadas às imagens. Neste trabalho foi levantado o estado da arte na literatura, para a área de representação de sexos, etnias e faixas etárias em imagens de face. Estes dados levantados foram comparados com características extraídas de tabelas com dados antropométricos, que armazenam as principais medidas e distâncias entre regiões da face humana (olhos, boca, nariz, etc.) para diferentes etnias, faixas etárias e sexos. Após esta análise, foram adicionadas ao algoritmo de geração de imagens as características que melhor diferem as três diversidades estudadas. Também foram adicionadas características que não estavam presentes nos dados antropométricos, como as rugas, tanto de idade quanto de algumas emoções. O produto final deste projeto é a comparação entre as características utilizadas pela literatura e as características extraídas da antropometria, e a expansão do algoritmo atual contemplando as diversidades étnicas, etárias e de sexo, permitindo que o usuário possa escolher uma configuração dessas diversidades para a geração das imagens com as emoções aplicadas / The ability to identify emotions is essential for adequate social interaction between individuals. There are psychiatric disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), which prevent recognition of emotions and impair people\'s quality of life. An effective way to evaluate and train patients to identify emotions is needed. This work is part of a larger project that aims to provide representations of human faces with diverse emotions. There is already a system, implemented in our research group LAPIS-BIOINFOMED, which outputs face images with those emotions applied: aversion, fear, anger, satisfaction, surprise and sadness, but restricted to the young age group, male sex and Caucasian ethnicity. This system will be used in the future to develop serious games to support the treatment of patients with ASD, by presenting facial images with emotional expressions, so that the emotion can be guessed by the patient. The aim of the present study was to expand the existing algorithm to allow the combination of different age groups, genders and ethnicities, allowing the generated images to be closer to or more distant from the patient\'s life, graduating the difficulty in the recognition of the emotions applied to the images. In this work, the state of the art was presented in the literature for the area of representation of sexes, ethnicities and age groups in face images. These data were compared with characteristics extracted from articles with anthropometric data, which store the main measurements and distances between regions of the human face (eyes, mouth, nose, etc.) for different ethnic groups, age groups and sexes. After this analysis, the characteristics that best differ the three studied diversities were added to the imaging algorithm . Features that were not presented in the anthropometric data were also added, such as wrinkles, both age and some emotions. The final product of this project is the comparison between the characteristics used in the literature and the characteristics extracted from the anthropometry, and the expansion of the current algorithm contemplating the ethnic, age and sex diversities, allowing the user to choose a configuration of these diversities for the generation of the images with the applied emotions

The demographic transition experienced, principally, by emerging countries has resulted in changes in the age and population structure. In this sense, it is perceived that the countryside is undergoing complex changes, because often the elderly remain alone, without the support of children and families. Thus, the elderly had developed ways to take care of themselves, which those need to be studied by nursing area. This study research the question: "How is the self-care of elderly participants of the third age groups in the rural areas?" and objectively describe the self-care of elderly participants of third age groups of rural areas. It is characterized as a qualitative study, exploratory and descriptive approach that uses the narrative interview as a technique for assemblage of data. The subjects of the study are ten elderly people living in rural areas from a municipality located in the northwest in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, which participate in activities group in rural areas. However, the date have been collected on the period between April and December of 2014. The elderly were invited to participate to this study, and when the agreement to participate was scheduled day, place and time for assemblage of data as the availability and choice of the elderly. All interviews were recorded and transcribed had their content in full. The elderly received the term of informed consent, and respected all research recommendations with humans. The letter E and a number coded the subjects in order to ensure the patient's confidentiality. The interviews were subjected to thematic content analysis of the operative protocol. The results of the study are presented in the form of a scientific paper, which aims to describe self-care of the rural elderly who take part in the third age group. It was possible to create four analysis categories: recognize and take responsibility for their care; as I take care of me when I am sick; with whom I can tell when I am sick; and the group of elderly and care for oneself. It is understood that this study allows for support of nursing care, as the understanding of self-care of the rural elderly allows nursing, based on scientific knowledge, create media that enable them to maximize the quality of life for seniors. / A transição demográfica vivenciada, principalmente, pelos países em desenvolvimento tem acarretado mudanças na estrutura etária e populacional. Neste sentido, percebe-se que a área rural vem sofrendo alterações mais complexas, pois muitas vezes os idosos permanecem sozinhos, sem o apoio de filhos e familiares. Assim, os idosos têm desenvolvido maneiras para cuidar de si, que necessitam ser estudadas pela enfermagem. Este estudo tem por questão de pesquisa: Como é o cuidado de si de idosos participantes de grupos de terceira idade do meio rural? e objetiva descrever o cuidado de si de idosos participantes de grupos de terceira idade do meio rural. Caracteriza-se como um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória que utiliza a entrevista narrativa como técnica para a coleta dos dados. Constituem os participantes do estudo dez idosos residentes no meio rural de um município localizado no noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, que participam de atividades grupais no meio rural. Os dados foram coletados no período compreendido entre abril e dezembro de 2014. Os idosos foram convidados a participar do estudo, e quando da anuência em participar, foi agendado dia, local e horário para a coleta dos dados conforme a disponibilidade e escolha do idoso. Todas as entrevistas foram gravadas e tiveram seu conteúdo transcrito na íntegra. Os idosos receberam o termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, sendo respeitadas todas as recomendações de pesquisas com seres humanos. Os participantes foram codificados pela letra E seguido de um número, a fim de garantir o anonimato do sujeito. As entrevistas foram submetidas a análise de conteúdo temática da proposta operativa. Os resultados do estudo estão apresentados na forma de um artigo científico, que objetiva descrever o cuidado de si de idosos que residem no meio rural. No artigo são apresentadas quatro categorias de análise: reconhecer e assumir a responsabilidade pelo seu cuidado; como eu me cuido quando estou doente; com quem eu posso contar quando estou doente; e, o grupo de terceira idade e o cuidado de si. Entende-se que este estudo permite fundamentar o cuidado de enfermagem, visto que a compreensão do cuidado de si de idosos do meio rural permite que a enfermagem, pautada em conhecimentos científicos, crie meios que possibilitem maximizar a qualidade de vida dos idosos.

The study sought to establish the effect of age, gender, job level and race on attitudes towards affirmative action. A research was conducted in a government organisation in the security cluster in one of the provinces in South Africa. Findings indicated that men and women’s disposition towards affirmative action was positive. Employees at different job levels and varying age groups were also positive towards affirmative action in general. There were significantly lower numbers of white participants and those on senior management levels such that this cannot be objectively reported. The generally positive regard employees have towards affirmative action is good for the organisation if it wants to build a cohesive culture that is non sexist and does not discriminate on the basis of job level and age. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / (M. Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology))

Au regard des problématiques sanitaires, économiques et environnementales liées à l'augmentation de la population âgée au cours des prochaines décennies, l'identification des déterminants du maintien ou de la dégradation de l'état de santé physique lors de l'avancée en âge représente un enjeu de santé publique majeur. Un consensus existe sur la relation entre les traits de personnalité définis par le Modèle en Cinq Facteurs (MCF, Digman, 1990), et la santé physique des seniors. Toutefois, peu de travaux ont identifié les processus sous-tendant cette relation. Sur la base d'un programme de recherche composé de cinq études, ce travail doctoral avait pour objectif de contribuer aux connaissances existantes, par l'identification d'un certain nombre de facteurs susceptibles de moduler et d'expliquer la contribution des traits de personnalité sur des indicateurs de santé physique lors de l'avancée en âge. Ce travail a permis la mise en évidence du rôle modérateur de l'âge chronologique dans la contribution de certains traits de personnalité, et principalement l'ouverture aux expériences, sur la santé perçue (étude 1), qui s'avère dépendant de l'état de santé objectif des individus (étude 2). De plus, la contribution de la personnalité sur des indicateurs de santé physique chez les seniors n'est pas activée par l'exposition aux stéréotypes liés à l'âge (étude 3). Par ailleurs, ce travail confirme la relation entre l'ouverture aux expériences et la tendance au rajeunissement, qui est reconnue comme étant un facteur de protection de l'état de santé lors de l'avancée en âge, et met en évidence le rôle médiateur d'une faible identification au groupe d'âge dans cette association (étude 4). Cette dissociation du groupe d'âge et le biais de rajeunissement associés à l'ouverture aux expériences semblent se manifester indépendamment du contexte et de l'environnement dans lequel la personne âgée évolue (étude 5). Ce travail doctoral permet donc un approfondissement des mécanismes qui sous-tendent la contribution des traits de personnalité sur la santé physique lors de l'avancée en âge, et contribue à une littérature relativement récente et en expansion insistant sur les implications de l'ouverture aux expériences pour la santé et le fonctionnement global des seniors. / Given the economic, environmental, and health issues related to the increasing number of people over 65 years in the coming decades, the identification of the factors associated with the maintenance or the degradation of physical health with advancing age is a major public health concern. Personality, as defined by the Five-Factors Model (FFM, Digman, 1990), is consistently associated with physical health in old age. However, few studies have focused on the underlying mechanisms of this relation. Based upon a five studies research program, the present doctoral dissertation aimed to contribute to current knowledge by identifying a number of factors which may modulate and explain the contribution of personality traits on markers of physical health with advancing age. This research revealed a moderating role of chronological age in the relation between personality, and openness to experiences in particular, and perceived health (study 1), which appeared to be dependent upon disease burden (study 2). Moreover, the contribution of personality on markers of physical health does not seem to be activated by the exposure to age-related stereotype (study 3). Finally, the present doctoral project confirmed the relation between openness to experience and a youthful subjective age, which is a recognized protective factor for physical health in old age, and identified the mediating role of age-group dissociation in this relationship (study 4). The tendencies to dissociate oneself from one's age group and to feel younger among open older people seem to be independent of the context and the environment (study 5). This doctoral dissertation contributes to an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying the contribution of personality traits on physical health with advancing age, and adds to a growing body of research emphasizing the implications of openness to experience for global health and functioning of older people.

The topic of this work is "Playing in Heterogeneous Classes - Comparative Study on Kindergartens of Common versus Waldorf Type". The theoretical part deals with the definition of the pre-school aged children's need of playing, the development of playing, the need of a playing partner and the function of toys. Then it focuses on playing in the General Educational Plan for Pre-School Education, playing integration into the daily routine of a kindergarten and benefit of playing for a child and a teacher. It describes the specific features of a heterogeneous group of children and their relationship to playing. It also discusses the characteristics of a Waldorf kindergarten. In the end of the part the School Educational Plan of the studied schools is shown. The practical part of this work is based on monitoring children during their free playing time in the chosen kindergartens. The time daily devoted to free playing, the ways the teachers react to free playing and which types of playing are most common were the objectives of the research. The work then names toys recommended for a heterogeneous class by the teachers, toys chosen by children, how younger children are integrated into the older children's playing and vice versa. Then, by using a questionnaire, following data will be obtained from parents...

Magister Commercii - MCom / Research indicates that approximately fifteen years ago there were over three (3) million dualcareer couples representing 20% of dual-worker couples. It is expected that the amount of dual-career couples will continue to increase, as most college students, both men and women, anticipate participating in a career as well as in a family (Spiker- Miller & Kees, 1995).Individuals and organizations are confronted with a hyper turbulent environment and individuals are also faced with a myriad of challenges and adversity in their work and personal lives. Due to the economy and the changing needs of individuals, today very few families reflect the configuration of a typical family (a husband who worked outside the home, a wife who fulfilled the duties of homemaker and child-carer), as both partners are normally employed. The dual-career couple phenomenon has added to the pressure of managing multiple demands and has a considerable impact on the nature of people's careers(Greenberg & Baron, 2003). Dual-career couples‘ career advancement is largely affected by the career barriers they perceive to encounter. The perceptions of career barriers encountered differ from one couple to another based on factors such as: age, race and parental demand(children). Differences may also exist between partners in a dual-career relationship based on their gender.Most studies that have been conducted have looked at work-life balance of dual-career couples or have focused on the problems dual-career couples face solely from the woman‘s perspective. The aim of this study is to look at dual-career couples not only from female‘s perspective and to tap into their perceptions regarding career barriers encountered in the workplace. The findings could help organisations realize the importance of assisting dualcareer couples and how they could improve their career development. Dual-career couples therefore warrant attention as a special group seeing as the career salience, strategies and transitions of one partner inevitably affects those of the other, which could also have repercussions for their employers (Smith, 1997).A self-developed Demographic Questionnaire and the Career Barriers Inventory (Revised) was used to gather the data. The research was conducted within a large retail organisation. The sample comprised of men and women, permanent and contract employees within the following departments: Human Resources, Marketing, Logistics, Finance, Group Merchandise Procurement (GMP), Buying, Sourcing, Audit, Planning and Group Services.The sampling procedure that was utilised was non-probability sampling. Statistical analyses involved descriptive statistics (Frequencies, Means and Standard deviations) and inferential statistics (T-Test and Analysis of variance). The study revealed that the most highly rated career barriers which respondents perceived to experience or which affected their career advancement were multiple-role conflict, decisionmaking difficulties, sex discrimination and racial discrimination. Whilst, the career barriers which were rated the lowest by respondents included disapproval by significant others, disability/health concerns and discouraged from choosing non-traditional careers.Furthermore, the findings indicated that the perceptions of dual-career couples based on gender regarding career barriers in the workplace is partially accepted because there are statistically significant differences regarding the perceptions amongst females and males in terms of lack of confidence as a career barrier. The hypothesis proposing that there are significant differences in the perceptions of dual-career couples who have and those who do not have children, is partially accepted, as there was a statistically significant difference regarding disapproval by significant others. The findings for the perceptions of dual-career couples based on race regarding career barriers in the workplace is partially supported because significant differences were found for the following career barriers: difficulties with network/socialisation, lack of confidence and race discrimination based on employees‘ race.Lastly, significant differences in the perceptions of dual-career couples based on age regarding career barriers in the workplace was rejected, as no significant differences regarding career barriers based on employees‘ age were found.Amongst others, a limitation of this study is evident. The study may lack generisability as the sampling procedure used was non-probability sampling and only included those employees who were easily accessible. Additionally, a quantitative study was used by making use of questionnaires, but no observation or interviews were used. The present study also only focuses on the differences in perceptions of dual-career couples, based on biographical factors such as; gender, age, number of children (parental demands), race and age. Ideally all research should have a broad speck of people or participants, to ensure higher generalizability.In an effort to deal with the limitations of the current study, the following are recommended, future research should use a large proportionate stratified random sample as this would allow the findings to be reliably generalised to the population. A combination of both quantitative and qualitative methodology would help to develop detailed understanding of dual-career couple‘s and their differences in perceptions of career barriers.It is important for organisations to have continuous negotiations with employees in order to integrate the demands of the organisation and the career needs of its employees. Furthermore,they should respond to the shifting demographics by adopting voluntary policies such as alternative work schedules and child and elder care assistance to help workers meet family needs, which in turn will be beneficial to the organisation by attracting and retaining the best talent.

The master’s thesis investigates the influence of a pilot‘s age and experience on the probability of aviation accident related to general aviation in the Czech Republic. The results were obtained using statistical analyses of data from aircraft accident final reports. The aim of the thesis is to propose the ways of decreasing the number of accidents caused by the analyzed factors while taking into account the current aviation legislation.

The master’s thesis investigates the influence of a pilot‘s age and experience on the probability of aviation accident related to general aviation in the Czech Republic. The results were obtained using statistical analyses of data from aircraft accident final reports. The aim of the thesis is to propose the ways of decreasing the number of accidents caused by the analyzed factors while taking into account the current aviation legislation.

Die Prüfungsjahrgänge 2015 und 2016 der Universitäten (Chemnitz, Dresden, Freiberg und Leipzig) und Hochschulen für angewandte Wissenschaften (Dresden, Leipzig, Mittweida, Zittau-Görlitz und Zwickau) im Geschäftsbereich des Sächsischen Staatsministeriums für Wissenschaft, Kultur und Tourismus (SMWK) sind Gegenstand der 3. Sächsischen Absolventenstudie. Die Prüfungsjahrgänge oder Prüfungskohorte 2015/16 umfassen alle Absolventinnen und Absolventen, die von dem Beginn des Wintersemesters 2014/15 bis zum Ende des Sommersemesters 2016 ihr Studium erfolgreich abgeschlossen haben. Nach den Prüfungsjahrgängen 2006/07 und 2010/11 liegen damit zu einer dritten Prüfungskohorte ausführliche Daten zum Berufseinstieg der Hochschulabsolventinnen und -absolventen aus dem Freistaat Sachsen vor.:Zusammenfassung III 1 Einleitung 1 2 Profil der befragten Absolventinnen und Absolventen 5 2.1 Fächergruppen und Studienbereiche, Hochschultypen und Abschlüsse 5 2.2 Soziodemografische Angaben 12 2.2.1 Geschlecht der Befragten 12 2.2.2 Alter beim Studienabschluss 15 2.2.3 Staatsangehörigkeit und Migrationshintergrund 16 2.2.4 Bildungsherkunft der Befragten 18 2.2.5 Betreuungsverantwortung der Absolventinnen und Absolventen 21 2.3 Wege zur Hochschule 23 2.3.1 Erworbene Hochschulzugangsberechtigungen 23 2.3.2 Noten der Hochschulzugangsberechtigungen 26 3 Studienverlauf und Rückblick auf das Studium 29 3.1 Studienerfolg 30 3.1.1 Abschlussnoten 30 3.1.2 Einhaltung der Regelstudienzeit 32 3.2 Rückblickende Bewertung des Studiums 35 3.2.1 Studienbedingungen 35 3.2.2 Anforderungen 39 3.2.3 Kompetenzerwerb 42 3.3 Studienaufenthalte im Ausland 49 3.4 Rückblickende Bewertung der Studienentscheidung 54 3.4.1 Studienentscheidung aus heutiger Sicht 54 3.4.2 Relevanz der Arbeitsmarktchancen bei der Studienentscheidung 57 4 Übergang vom Studium in den Beruf 61 4.1 Berufseinstieg und früher Berufsverlauf 61 4.1.1 Tätigkeitsverlauf im Überblick 62 4.1.2 Erwerbstätigkeit und Erwerbslosigkeit im Zeitverlauf 68 4.1.3 Elternzeit im Zeitverlauf 82 4.2 Weiterqualifikation 85 4.2.1 Promotion (MDS-Absolventinnen und -Absolventen) 86 4.2.2 Weiteres Studium (Bachelor) 98 4.2.3 Facharztweiterbildung 109 4.3 Praktika nach dem Studium 111 4.4 Stellensuche 121 4.4.1 Beginn der Stellensuche 121 4.4.2 Aufwand und Erfolg der Stellensuche 123 4.4.3 Probleme bei der Stellensuche 124 4.4.4 Strategien der Stellenfindung 128 4.5 Erste Erwerbstätigkeit 131 4.5.1 Berufsstart 131 4.5.2 Berufliche Stellung und Einkommen 134 4.5.3 Adäquanz der Erwerbstätigkeit 139 4.5.4 Wirtschaftsbereich und Beschäftigung im öffentlichen Dienst 145 4.5.5 Rahmenbedingungen der Erwerbstätigkeit 149 5 Regionale Mobilität 153 5.1 Region des Erwerbs der Hochschulzugangsberechtigung 154 5.2 Regionale Ausrichtung der Stellensuche 161 5.3 Region der ersten Erwerbstätigkeit 166 5.4 Region der Hochschulzulassungsberechtigung und der ersten Erwerbstätigkeit – Mobilitätstypen 173 6 Berufliche Zufriedenheit, Veränderungen und Zukunftspläne 181 6.1 Berufliche Zufriedenheit 181 6.2 Berufliche Veränderungen 187 6.3 Zukunftsperspektiven 193 A Methodische Anmerkungen und Datengrundlage 199 A.1 Grundgesamtheit und Stichprobe 199 A.2 Erstellung des Fragebogens und Durchführung der Befragung 201 A.3 Rücklauf und Datenqualität 204 B Abbildungen und Tabellen 209 C Literaturverzeichnis 331 D Fragebögen 335

Dagens organisationer möter nya villkor och krav från de yngre generationerna Millennials och Gen Z på arbetsmarknaden. Med de yngre generationernas nya villkor och krav har organisationen fått det svårare att behålla dem på sin arbetsplats. De har bidragit till en högre personalomsättning än vad tidigare generationer har gjort och denna studie har till syfte att undersöka vad det beror på och vad organisationen bör göra för att behålla dem. Det är även syftet att ta reda på om faktorerna som får Millennials och Gen Z att byta arbetsplats skiljer sig  åt eller om det är samma. Studien genomförde två olika insamlingsmetoder, en kvantiativ och en kvalitativ, som sedan analyserades och tolkades med ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt. Analysen visade att Millennials byter arbetsplats för att; det är brist på balans mellan deras arbetsliv och privatliv, att de inte får den utveckling, utbildning eller befordran de förväntar sig samt för att de känner sig osäkra i sin anställning eller med sin lön. Resultatet visade även att  Gen Z byter arbetsplats på grund av; att de känner sig osäkra i sin anställning eller i sin lön, att det är brist på balans mellan arbetsliv och privatliv samt att de inte kan lita på eller vara stolt över sina ledare/ chefer. Dessutom visade resultatet att organisationer behöver ta reda på vad de yngre generationernas förväntningar är på dem och arbetsplatsen för att kunna behålla dem som  anställda. De behöver veta även att Millennials och Gen Z som anställda skiljer sig åt i sina  förväntningar och behov, samt att de faktorer som dem prioriterar när de väljer arbetsplats inte är samma faktorer som får dem att lämna. / Today's organisations are facing new conditions and demands from the younger generations of  Millennials and Gen Z in the employee market. With the new conditions and demands of the  younger generations, organizations are finding it more difficult to retain them in the workplace. They have contributed to a higher employee turnover rate than previous generations and the aim is to study what it depends on and what organizations should do to retain them. It also aims to  find out if the factors that cause Millennials and Gen Z to change jobs are different or if it is the  same. The study carried out two different collection methods, a quantitative and a qualitative  one, which were then analyzed and interpreted with a qualitative approach. The analyze revealed that Millennials change workplaces because; there is a lack of work-life balance, they  do not get the development, education or the promotion they expect and because they feel insecure in their employment or with their salary. The results also showed that Gen Z changed jobs because; they feel insecure in their employment or salary, there is a lack of work-life balance and that they cannot trust or be proud of their leaders/managers. In addition, the results  showed that organisations need to find out what the younger generations' expectations are of  them and the workplace in order to retain them as employees. They need to know that  Millennials and Gen Z as employees differ in their expectations and needs, and that the factors that they prioritize when choosing a workplace are not the same factors that cause them to leave