Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-12-15T17:01:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 IvanildoMartinsFormigaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 3283299 bytes, checksum: f7ef9f350801b9a9e089df42e16d2c95 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-28T20:46:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 IvanildoMartinsFormigaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 3283299 bytes, checksum: f7ef9f350801b9a9e089df42e16d2c95 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-28T20:46:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IvanildoMartinsFormigaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 3283299 bytes, checksum: f7ef9f350801b9a9e089df42e16d2c95 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-26 / A agricultura ? um dos temas mais discutidos atualmente dentro do campo conceitual da sustentabilidade. Os debates s?o cada vez mais recorrentes e colocam em quest?o, o modelo adotado a partir p?s-guerra, denominado de revolu??o verde, pelo seu potencial de degrada??o dos recursos naturais. Esse tipo de agricultura colocou o Brasil no topo do agroneg?cio mundial, aonde se destaca em diversos setores como o de gr?os, carne, a??car e tamb?m na fruticultura. As discuss?es est?o voltadas para aspectos relacionados ao uso de agroqu?micos, monocultivo, convers?o de florestas nativas em extensas ?reas agr?colas, dentre outros pontos tidos como delet?rios ao equil?brio ambiental. Por outro lado, encontra-se um modelo, denominado de agricultura familiar, que para muitos pesquisadores, possui atributos mais pr?ximos do entendimento de agricultura sustent?vel. No estado do Rio Grande do Norte, o potencial agr?cola reside principalmente na fruticultura, aonde se destaca o agropolo A?u-Mossor?, como uma das principais regi?es produtoras de frutas tropicais do Brasil, sendo o mel?o o principal fruto produzido. O cultivo desta oler?cola desenvolveu-se na regi?o no final da d?cada de 1980, a partir do investimento de grandes empresas agr?colas, cujas t?cnicas de cultivo eram pautadas pela revolu??o verde. Atualmente, o cultivo do mel?o ? tamb?m desenvolvido em agroecossistemas cuja gest?o ? caracterizada pela participa??o familiar, inclusive em assentamentos rurais criados pelo Instituto Nacional de Coloniza??o e Reforma Agr?ria (INCRA). Diante desta inser??o da agricultura familiar num campo em que a pouco era dominado por grandes empresas agropecu?rias, surgem quest?es relativas a manuten??o dos atributos que caracterizam essa modalidade de gest?o agr?cola. O presente trabalho objetivou a avalia??o da sustentabilidade de agroecossistemas familiares do assentamento S?o Rom?o em Mossor?-RN, cultivados com mel?o. O estudo foi realizado a partir da utiliza??o da estrutura do Marco para Avalia??o de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturais Incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidade (MESMIS), em dez agroecossitemas do assentamento. Os dados foram obtidos a partir da realiza??o de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e observa??es de campo, de forma que as respostas, considera??es e coment?rios realizados pelos assentados foram amplamente aproveitados para percorrer os seis passos do ciclo avaliativo do MESMIS. Foram determinados sete pontos cr?ticos que afetam a sustentabilidade, sendo: recursos h?dricos, solos, depend?ncia de insumos externos, biodiversidade, qualidade de vida, rendimento familiar e organiza??o comunit?ria, a partir dos quais derivaram vinte e tr?s indicadores que buscaram refletir o real estado de sustentabilidade dos agroecossistemas. / Agriculture is one of the most discussed topics currently in the conceptual field of sustainability. The debates are increasingly recurrent and put in question the model adopted from post-war, so-called green revolution, for its potential of degradation of natural resources. This type of Agriculture put Brazil at the top of the global agribusiness, where stands out in various sectors such as grain, meat, sugar and horticulture. Discussions are focused on aspects related to the use of agrochemicals, monoculture, conversion of native forest in extensive agricultural areas, among other points taken as deleterious to environmental balance. On the other hand, there is a model, called by family farming, which for many researchers, has attributes closer to the understanding of sustainable agriculture. In the state of Rio Grande do Norte, the agricultural potential lies mainly on horticulture, where stands the agropolo AcuMossor?, as one of the greatest tropical fruit producing regions of Brazil, being melon, the major fruit produced. The cultivation of this vegetable was developed in the region in the late 1980s, from the investment of large agricultural enterprises, whose cultivation techniques were grounded by the green revolution. Currently, the melon cultivation is also developed in agroecosystems whose management is characterized by family participation, including small farmers of rural settlements created by Instituto Nacional de Coloniza??o e Reforma Agr?ria (INCRA). In view of the inclusion of family farming in a field that recently was dominated by large agribusiness companies, some questions arise about the maintenance of attributes that characterise this type of family agriculture management. This research aimed to assess the sustainability of family agroecosystems in S?o Rom?o settlement in Mossor?-RN, cultivated with melon. The study was conducted by the Framework for Evaluation of Natural Resources Management Systems Incorporating Sustainability Indicators (MESMIS), in ten agroecosystems of the mentioned settlement. The data were obtained from semi-structured interviews and field observations, so that the answers, considerations and comments made by settlers, were widely used to cycle through the six steps of the MESMIS evaluation. As a result of the work, were determined seven critical points affecting sustainability, being: water resources, soils, reliance on external inputs, biodiversity, quality of life, family income and community organizing, from which was derived twenty-three indicators that sought to reflect the actual state of sustainability of the agroecosystems

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-03-23T11:25:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Jos? Adilson Gon?alves de Souza.pdf: 1218745 bytes, checksum: 84625bf13e0c0adf4f55d188a675635b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-23T11:25:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Jos? Adilson Gon?alves de Souza.pdf: 1218745 bytes, checksum: 84625bf13e0c0adf4f55d188a675635b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-26 / The full formation of professionals on agricultural area consists on the possibility to insert pedagogical practices of learning in the Agriculture Technic Course?s students, as a strategic factor on the sustainable social development of a country, being decisive in the construction of their cultural, scientific and technological identity. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the student?s knowledge construction using the Projects Methodology in the direct seeding system of lettuce, in order to contribute to the knowledge construction of these professionals and also to provide technological information that will subsidize the increase of lettuce?s production and quality. The study was managed at IFFluminense ? campus Bom Jesus of Itabapoana-RJ, with the participation of the students of Concomitant Agriculture Technic Course. So the experiment with lettuce cultivation on direct seeding system was implanted in two stages: in the first one, it was done the plantation of plant species for mulch formation and, in the second stage, 25 days after the plant species lodging, the lettuce seedlings were transplanted. In the first stage, the mass production of dry matter in the aerial part of the species was evaluated, while in the second stage it was evaluated the phytosociological survey of weeds on the 21st day after the transplantation and the lettuce production characteristics. All along the study, analysis tool was used to monitor the knowledge gains, both transmitted and acquired, through questionnaires and reports obtained during the conduction of field experiment with the lettuce cultivation. The highest mass production of dry matter in cover crops was obtained with the treatment using corn species. The species of cover crops which promoted greater reduction on weeds infestation, compared to the conventional plantation, were the following treatments: cowpea + corn; crotalaria + corn; cowpea + wheat. When checking the weight of fresh mass of the aerial part of the lettuce, the treatments that had better results were the conventional plantation and the one with crotalaria. When analyzing the several teaching methods, it was found that the best one was the projects methodology, with 90% of acceptance. When checking the students? performance level in terms of fulfilling the objectives that were set to them, in the first and in the second stage of the experiment it was found that 70% and 90%, respectively, clearly overcame the objectives. The students? interaction with the project contributed to the construction of learning and socialization with the practical realities proposal. Therefore, the students observed that the direct seeding system of the lettuce was viable and efficient in the study, besides having a positive effect on the productivity and low impact upon the soil and on the environment / A forma??o plena de profissionais da ?rea agr?cola consiste na possibilidade de inserir pr?ticas pedag?gicas de aprendizagem aos estudantes do Curso T?cnico em Agropecu?ria, como fator estrat?gico no desenvolvimento social sustent?vel de um pa?s, sendo decisivo na constru??o da sua identidade cultural, cient?fica e tecnol?gica. Nesse trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a constru??o de conhecimentos dos discentes utilizando a Metodologia de Projetos no sistema de plantio direto de alface, de modo a contribuir na constru??o de conhecimento desses profissionais e, tamb?m, disponibilizar informa??es tecnol?gicas que ir?o subsidiar o aumento da produ??o e qualidade da alface. O trabalho foi conduzido no IFFluminense ? campus Bom Jesus do Itabapoana-RJ, com a participa??o dos estudantes do Curso T?cnico em Agropecu?ria concomitante. Assim, foi implantado um experimento com a cultura de alface em sistema de plantio direto em duas fases: na primeira fase, foi realizado o plantio de esp?cies de plantas para forma??o da cobertura morta e, na segunda fase, ap?s 25 dias do acamamento das esp?cies de plantas, foram transplantadas as mudas de alface. Na primeira fase, foi avaliada a produ??o de massa de mat?ria seca da parte a?rea das esp?cies. J? na segunda fase, foram avaliados o levantamento fitossociol?gico das plantas espont?neas, aos 21 dias ap?s o transplantio, e as caracter?sticas de produ??o da alface. Foi utilizado, ao longo do trabalho, ferramenta de an?lise e acompanhamento de ganhos de conhecimentos transmitidos e adquiridos atrav?s de question?rio e relat?rios obtidos na condu??o de experimento de campo com a cultura de alface. A maior produ??o da massa de mat?ria seca das plantas de cobertura foi com o tratamento da esp?cie de planta milho. As esp?cies de plantas de cobertura que promoveram maior redu??o da infesta??o de plantas espont?neas, em rela??o ao plantio convencional, foram os tratamentos feij?o-mi?do + milho; crotal?ria + milho; feij?o-mi?do + trigo. Ao verificar o peso da massa fresca da parte a?rea da alface, os tratamentos que apresentaram melhores resultados foram o plantio convencional e a crotal?ria. Ao analisar os v?rios m?todos de ensino, verificou-se que o melhor m?todo de aprendizagem foi a metodologia de projetos com 90% aceita??o. Ao verificar o n?vel de desempenho dos alunos em termos de cumprimento dos objetivos que lhe foram fixados, na primeira e segunda fase do experimento, constatou-se que 70% e 90%, respectivamente, superaram claramente os objetivos que foram fixados. A intera??o dos estudantes com o projeto contribuiu para a constru??o da aprendizagem e socializa??o com a realidade pr?tica proposta. Assim, os estudantes constataram que o sistema de plantio direto de alface foi vi?vel e eficiente no estudo e tem efeito positivo na produtividade e baixo impacto sobre o solo e o ambiente.