The chosen project originated as a response to humanity’s need to eat, and the agricultural processes necessary to feed the global population. The proposed solution will investigate the connection of physically and meta-physically dissociated elements, in order to create responsive architecture. The aim is to steer away from a mono-functional building and design typologies and to strive towards creating architecture that will address the needs of the public. The chosen project investigates future and current solutions for the production of food in urban environments. The scales of investigation range from microscopic research to the implementation and monitoring of skills transferred into the community. The proposed facility is thus composed out of various different programs, each with its own specific requirements. The composition can broadly be divided into scientific research facilities, a greenhouse complex and a public exhibition centre. It is unnecessary for the pragmatic and complex nature of the building to undermine the spatial expression. In the proposed facility, pragmatic limitations informed the design process, but did not govern the outcome. Instead, the limitations fuelled alternative problem solving, which in turn produced creative solutions. Thus, the building accepts that it is pragmatic in program, and compensates accordingly in order to create inviting spaces for people using the facility on an everyday basis. Copyright / Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Architecture / unrestricted

Com o propósito de apresentar uma visão do mercado de paisagismo, no Estado de São Paulo, auxiliar no processo de formação dos agrônomos, para atuação nesta área, bem como contribuir para sua avaliação educacional, o presente trabalho analisou três diferentes focos de estudo: prestadoras de serviço de paisagismo, estudantes em fase de conclusão do curso de engenharia agronômica e docentes responsáveis pelo ensino de paisagismo, em instituições de ensino superior, no Estado de São Paulo. Para coleta de dados, realizou-se contato direto com os envolvidos nesta pesquisa, visando entrevistá-los, com questionário semi-estruturado, pelo método de amostragem nos dois primeiros focos, e como censo para o último. Capítulos específicos foram elaborados para apresentação de cada um dos pontos analisados, obtendo, em sua primeira discussão, a visão de que os serviços de paisagismo, no Estado, apresentam-se diretamente relacionados a jardins e utilização de plantas ornamentais, oferecidos por profissionais de diferentes formações, para atuação, neste setor. Assim, constatou-se a participação de arquitetos (25%), oriundos de cursos livres de paisagismo (25%), engenheiros agrônomos (23,33%), técnicos agrícolas (8,33%), concluintes do ensino médio (6,66%), técnicos em edificações (5%), biólogos (3,33%), matemáticos (1,66%), bem como outros (1,66%), sem qualquer formação ou instrução escolar; os analisados demonstraram otimismo quanto à prosperidade deste setor no Estado (96%). Quanto aos estudantes, observou-se que 55,4% consideraram-se satisfeitos com o embasamento da disciplina obrigatória que aborda o paisagismo; indicando que os recursos educacionais mais importantes são o contato com profissionais da área (87,75%), situações reais para desenvolvimento de projetos (79,9%) e software para desenvolvimento de projetos (73,04%); entretanto elencaram como recursos mais utilizados, durante a formação, materiais de desenho (71,08%), mesas próprias para desenho (62,25%) e situações reais para desenvolvimento de projetos (54,41%). Apresentaram, ainda, insegurança, quanto à sua capacitação, para atuação no mercado (58,33%); embora 22,55% dos estudantes pretendessem trabalhar com paisagismo, e 27,45% consideraram possível tal atuação. Quanto à pesquisa junto aos docentes, puderam ser identificadas três áreas em sua formação, sendo engenharia agronômica (85%), engenharia florestal (10%) e ciências biológicas (5%), além de apresentarem pós-graduação, em várias áreas do conhecimento. Esses docentes listaram 37 diferentes disciplinas obrigatórias da agronomia, pelas quais eram responsáveis e afirmaram que as empresas atuantes neste mercado não oferecem seus serviços da maneira como esta atividade requer (70%). 95% dos docentes mostraram-se favoráveis à atuação de equipes multiprofissionais, quando do oferecimento desses serviços, com preferência para atuação de engenheiros agrônomos e arquitetos. / Aiming to present a market overview of landscaping in the State of São Paulo, assist in the process of training agronomists to act in this field and contribute to the educational evaluation, in this context, this study examined three different foci of study: service providers of landscaping; students nearing completion of the agronomy course; and teachers responsible for teaching landscaping for the future agronomists in the state of São Paulo. For data collection, a direct contact was used with those involved in this research, with the purpose of interviewing them with a semi-structured survey, which was applied as sampling in the first two cases and as a census in the last one. Specific chapters were prepared to present each of the points analyzed, resulting, in the first discussion, in the view that landscaping services, in the State, present themselves as being directly related to the use of gardens and ornamental plants, offered by professionals who have a diversity in academic formation for working in this sector. The following included the participation of: architects (25%), people derived from open landscaping courses (25%), agronomists (23.33%), agricultural technicians (8.33%) high school graduates (6.66%), building technicians (5%), biologists (3.33%), mathematicians (1.66%), and those without any formal training or schooling (1.66%); which altogether showed optimism about the prosperity of this sector in the State (96%). In the second discussion developed, it was observed that 55.4% of students considered themselves satisfied with the basement of the compulsory subject that encompasses landscaping; they also indicated that the most important educational resources are: \"contact with professionals in the field\" (87.75%), \"real-life situations to develop projects\" (79.9%) and \"software to develop projects\" (73.04%), however the features most used during the training were: \"design materials\" ( 71.08%), \"design appropriate tables\" (62.25%), \"reallife situations to develop projects\" (54.41%); they demonstrated insecurity, in their formation, regarding their performance in the market (58.33%), despite this, 22.55% of students intended to work with landscaping, and 27.45% considered this activity a possibility. In the third debate, we identified three distinct fields of academic formation, regarding the teachers undergraduate schools, which capacitate agronomists in the activities of landscaping, which include: agronomy (85%), forest engineering (10%) and biological sciences (5%) which represented distinct formation fields in graduate school, and found themselves responsible for 37 different mandatory courses in agronomy. They argued that companies operating in this market do not offer their services in the way this activity needs to be done (70%), and 95% of the teachers favored the performance of multidisciplinary teams in providing these services, giving priority to the activities of agronomists and architects.

Com o propósito de apresentar uma visão do mercado de paisagismo, no Estado de São Paulo, auxiliar no processo de formação dos agrônomos, para atuação nesta área, bem como contribuir para sua avaliação educacional, o presente trabalho analisou três diferentes focos de estudo: prestadoras de serviço de paisagismo, estudantes em fase de conclusão do curso de engenharia agronômica e docentes responsáveis pelo ensino de paisagismo, em instituições de ensino superior, no Estado de São Paulo. Para coleta de dados, realizou-se contato direto com os envolvidos nesta pesquisa, visando entrevistá-los, com questionário semi-estruturado, pelo método de amostragem nos dois primeiros focos, e como censo para o último. Capítulos específicos foram elaborados para apresentação de cada um dos pontos analisados, obtendo, em sua primeira discussão, a visão de que os serviços de paisagismo, no Estado, apresentam-se diretamente relacionados a jardins e utilização de plantas ornamentais, oferecidos por profissionais de diferentes formações, para atuação, neste setor. Assim, constatou-se a participação de arquitetos (25%), oriundos de cursos livres de paisagismo (25%), engenheiros agrônomos (23,33%), técnicos agrícolas (8,33%), concluintes do ensino médio (6,66%), técnicos em edificações (5%), biólogos (3,33%), matemáticos (1,66%), bem como outros (1,66%), sem qualquer formação ou instrução escolar; os analisados demonstraram otimismo quanto à prosperidade deste setor no Estado (96%). Quanto aos estudantes, observou-se que 55,4% consideraram-se satisfeitos com o embasamento da disciplina obrigatória que aborda o paisagismo; indicando que os recursos educacionais mais importantes são o contato com profissionais da área (87,75%), situações reais para desenvolvimento de projetos (79,9%) e software para desenvolvimento de projetos (73,04%); entretanto elencaram como recursos mais utilizados, durante a formação, materiais de desenho (71,08%), mesas próprias para desenho (62,25%) e situações reais para desenvolvimento de projetos (54,41%). Apresentaram, ainda, insegurança, quanto à sua capacitação, para atuação no mercado (58,33%); embora 22,55% dos estudantes pretendessem trabalhar com paisagismo, e 27,45% consideraram possível tal atuação. Quanto à pesquisa junto aos docentes, puderam ser identificadas três áreas em sua formação, sendo engenharia agronômica (85%), engenharia florestal (10%) e ciências biológicas (5%), além de apresentarem pós-graduação, em várias áreas do conhecimento. Esses docentes listaram 37 diferentes disciplinas obrigatórias da agronomia, pelas quais eram responsáveis e afirmaram que as empresas atuantes neste mercado não oferecem seus serviços da maneira como esta atividade requer (70%). 95% dos docentes mostraram-se favoráveis à atuação de equipes multiprofissionais, quando do oferecimento desses serviços, com preferência para atuação de engenheiros agrônomos e arquitetos. / Aiming to present a market overview of landscaping in the State of São Paulo, assist in the process of training agronomists to act in this field and contribute to the educational evaluation, in this context, this study examined three different foci of study: service providers of landscaping; students nearing completion of the agronomy course; and teachers responsible for teaching landscaping for the future agronomists in the state of São Paulo. For data collection, a direct contact was used with those involved in this research, with the purpose of interviewing them with a semi-structured survey, which was applied as sampling in the first two cases and as a census in the last one. Specific chapters were prepared to present each of the points analyzed, resulting, in the first discussion, in the view that landscaping services, in the State, present themselves as being directly related to the use of gardens and ornamental plants, offered by professionals who have a diversity in academic formation for working in this sector. The following included the participation of: architects (25%), people derived from open landscaping courses (25%), agronomists (23.33%), agricultural technicians (8.33%) high school graduates (6.66%), building technicians (5%), biologists (3.33%), mathematicians (1.66%), and those without any formal training or schooling (1.66%); which altogether showed optimism about the prosperity of this sector in the State (96%). In the second discussion developed, it was observed that 55.4% of students considered themselves satisfied with the basement of the compulsory subject that encompasses landscaping; they also indicated that the most important educational resources are: \"contact with professionals in the field\" (87.75%), \"real-life situations to develop projects\" (79.9%) and \"software to develop projects\" (73.04%), however the features most used during the training were: \"design materials\" ( 71.08%), \"design appropriate tables\" (62.25%), \"reallife situations to develop projects\" (54.41%); they demonstrated insecurity, in their formation, regarding their performance in the market (58.33%), despite this, 22.55% of students intended to work with landscaping, and 27.45% considered this activity a possibility. In the third debate, we identified three distinct fields of academic formation, regarding the teachers undergraduate schools, which capacitate agronomists in the activities of landscaping, which include: agronomy (85%), forest engineering (10%) and biological sciences (5%) which represented distinct formation fields in graduate school, and found themselves responsible for 37 different mandatory courses in agronomy. They argued that companies operating in this market do not offer their services in the way this activity needs to be done (70%), and 95% of the teachers favored the performance of multidisciplinary teams in providing these services, giving priority to the activities of agronomists and architects.

Ce travail porte sur les représentations des campagnards et des paysans dans les mentalités des Romains de l’époque républicaine, en se fondant sur l’étude de textes littéraires. Dans l’ensemble des œuvres latines de Plaute à Virgile, les ruraux donnent lieu à des images multiples et contradictoires, passant tantôt pour des rustres ridicules, tantôt pour des citoyens modèles. Nous montrons comment, malgré une telle diversité, ces représentations engagent une vision d’ensemble cohérente, liée à différentes conceptions de l’identité romaine. Une étude préalable du champ lexicographique couvrant les différentes dénominations de l’habitant des campagnes et une mise au point historiographique soulignent la place essentielle qu’occupaient encore les ruraux dans la vie sociale, économique et politique de l’Vrbs aux deux derniers siècles de la République. Il apparaît ensuite que le stéréotype du rustre, susceptible d’être analysé en termes de marqueurs, constitue un véritable type théâtral dans la Néa, lequel influence d’autres textes où son utilisation dans l’invective se mêle parfois à un discours métatextuel. Car le rusticus ridicule, bien que constitué en contre-modèle de comportement, est paradoxalement associé à une identité romaine mise en débat. C’est elle qui entre aussi en jeu dans les discours des agronomes faisant l’éloge de la ruralité. Le stéréotype du bonus agricola, incarnation d’un mos maiorum rural, renvoie à des représentations collectives et à une valorisation axiologique de l’activité agricole – distincte du travail physique et de l’élevage – autant qu’à des prises de position idéologiques personnelles en faveur de la rusticitas. / Based on the study of literature, this work deals with the representations of the countrymen and peasants in the mentalities of Romans in the Republican era. In all the Latin books from Plautus to Virgil, the countrymen are depicted trough multiple and contradictory images, in which they are made out to be either ridiculous uncouth people or model, ideal citizens. We show that, in spite of such a diversity, these representations reveal a coherent global vision of the peasantry which is linked to different conceptions of Roman identity. A preliminary study of the lexicography encompassing the various denominations of the countryside inhabitants and a historiographical focus underline the essential place that the rural still had in the social, economic and political life of the Vrbs in the last two centuries of the Republic. It then comes out that the stereotype of the uncouth man, which could be analysed in terms of “markers”, is in the Nea a real theatrical type. These type influences other texts, in which it is used for the invective, sometimes mixed to a metatextual speech. Indeed, even if the ridiculous rusticus is a counter-model of behaviour, he is paradoxically associated to a debatable Roman identity, which also comes into play in the agronomists’ speeches praising rurality. The bonus agricola stereotype embodying a rural mos maiorum, points out to collective representations and to an axiological valorisation of the agricultural activity – unlike physical work or breeding – as much as to personal ideological stances favouring rusticitas.