Orientador: Lourdes de la Rosa Onuchic / Banca: Rosa Lúcia Sverzut Baroni / Banca: Henrique Lazari / Banca: Glen César Lemos / Banca: José Pedro Machado Ribeiro / Resumo: Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo investigar as contribuições que a Álgebra Abstrata Moderna (onde se trabalham as teorias de Grupos, Anéis e Corpos, dentre outras), ministrada como uma disciplina em cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática no Brasil, poderia dar à Formação Inicial de Professores de Matemática. Esta pesquisa teve caráter qualitativo e foi apoiada no Modelo Metodológico de Romberg-Onuchic. Visando alcançar esse objetivo, propusemos uma pesquisa de campo, desenvolvida em 2015, com uma turma do quinto período de Licenciatura em Matemática do Instituto Federal de Goiás (IFG). Para isso, elaboramos e implementamos um projeto de ensino com o propósito de levar os alunos dessa turma a construírem um conhecimento satisfatório de Álgebra Abstrata Moderna e mostrar a relação de seus conteúdos com os da Educação Básica. Para a construção desse conhecimento, fizemos uso da Metodologia de Ensino-Aprendizagem-Avaliação de Matemática através da Resolução de Problemas, figurada no campo da Educação Matemática e consolidada por diversas pesquisas como eficiente no processo de ensino, aprendizagem e avaliação de Matemática em diversos níveis - Fundamental, Médio e Superior. A correlação entre os conteúdos de Álgebra Abstrata Moderna e os da Educação Básica se deu através da proposição, aos estudantes da referida turma, de atividades extraclasse, que, sempre, em um momento posterior, eram discutidas, em sala de aula, por todos os integrantes desse processo: alunos, pesquis... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The main purpose of the present work was to investigate the contributions that Modern Abstract Algebra (which the theories of Groups, Rings and Fields, among others, are worked on), as a discipline in Degree courses in Mathematics in Brazil, might give to initial Teacher Education in Mathematics. The present research has a qualitative approach and it was grounded on the Methodological Model of Romberg-Onuchic. In order to achieve that goal, we proposed a field research, developed in 2015, involving a class of fifth semester students of Degree in Mathematics at Instituto Federal de Goiás (IFG). To that end, we elaborated and implemented a teaching project with the purpose of enabling that group of students to build satisfactory knowledge on Modern Abstract Algebra and showing the relationship of its contents to the ones of Elementary Education. In order to build such knowledge, we used the Methodology of Teaching-Learning-Evaluation in Mathematics through Problem Solving, found in the field of Mathematics Education and consolidated by several researches as effective in the process of Mathematics teaching, learning and evaluation in several levels - Elementary, Middle and Higher Education. The correlation between the contents of Modern Abstract Algebra and the ones of Elementary Education came about through the proposition to that group of students of extracurricular activities which were always discussed further in classroom by all people involved in that process: students, researcher and teacher. There were also two meetings with the only purpose of working, discussing and analysing this association - Modern Abstract Algebra and Elementary Education. The evidence-gathering was made through the researcher's observation during the project application, the materials produced by the students, the media (audio and video recordings of the meetings) and a diagnostic ... (Complete abstract electronic access below) / Doutor

In this thesis we study Ax-Schanuel type inequalities for abstract differential equations. A motivating example is the exponential differential equation. The Ax-Schanuel theorem states positivity of a predimension defined on its solutions. The notion of a predimension was introduced by Hrushovski in his work from the 1990s where he uses an amalgamation-with-predimension technique to refute Zilber's Trichotomy Conjecture. In the differential setting one can carry out a similar construction with the predimension given by Ax-Schanuel. In this way one constructs a limit structure whose theory turns out to be precisely the first-order theory of the exponential differential equation (this analysis is due to Kirby (for semiabelian varieties) and Crampin, and it is based on Zilber's work on pseudo-exponentiation). One says in this case that the inequality is adequate. Thus, by an Ax-Schanuel type inequality we mean a predimension inequality for a differential equation. Our main question is to understand for which differential equations one can find an adequate predimension inequality. We show that this can be done for linear differential equations with constant coefficients by generalising the Ax-Schanuel theorem. Further, the question turns out to be closely related to the problem of recovering the differential structure in reducts of differentially closed fields where we keep the field structure (which is quite an interesting problem in its own right). So we explore that question and establish some criteria for recovering the derivation of the field. We also show (under some assumptions) that when the derivation is definable in a reduct then the latter cannot satisfy a non-trivial adequate predimension inequality. Another example of a predimension inequality is the analogue of Ax-Schanuel for the differential equation of the modular j-function due to Pila and Tsimerman. We carry out a Hrushovski construction with that predimension and give an axiomatisation of the first-order theory of the strong Fraïssé limit. It will be the theory of the differential equation of j under the assumption of adequacy of the predimension. We also show that if a similar predimension inequality (not necessarily adequate) is known for a differential equation then the fibres of the latter have interesting model theoretic properties such as strong minimality and geometric triviality. This, in particular, gives a new proof for a theorem of Freitag and Scanlon stating that the differential equation of j defines a trivial strongly minimal set.

This present work to describe the code based on D5 as part of the application of Abstract Algebra, through Symmetry Groups, as well as its advantages over other codes in the case of detection of typos. To this end, we provide some definitions and theorems of the theory of groups useful for understanding this work. Study groups Permutation Groups and Symmetry, issues of great relevance to the study of dihedral groups, being these, particularly if those groups and the basis for the development of the code described herein. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever o Código baseado em D5 como aplicação de parte da Álgebra Abstrata, através dos Grupos de Simetria, bem como suas vantagens em relação a outros códigos, em se tratando da detecção de erros de digitação. Para tanto, fornecemos algumas definições e teoremas da teoria dos Grupos úteis à compreensão deste trabalho. Estudamos os Grupos de Permutação e os Grupos de Simetria, assuntos de grande relevância para o estudo dos Grupos Diedrais, por serem, estes, caso particular dos grupos citados e base para o desenvolvimento do código aqui descrito.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / I study d-bar and Dirac operators on classical and quantum domains subject to the APS boundary conditions, APS like boundary conditions, and other types of global boundary conditions. Moreover, the inverse or inverse modulo compact operators to these operators are computed. These inverses/parametrices are also shown to be bounded and are also shown to be compact, if possible. Also the index of some of the d-bar operators are computed when it doesn't have trivial index. Finally a certain type of limit statement can be said between the classical and quantum d-bar operators on specialized complex domains.

Cette thèse est consacrée à une classe de groupes, appelés groupes de Kac-Moody, qui généralise de façon naturelle les groupes de Lie semi-simples, ou plus précisément, les groupes algébriques réductifs, dans un contexte infini-dimensionnel. On s'intéresse plus particulièrement au problème d'isomorphismes pour ces groupes, en vue d'obtenir un analogue infini-dimensionnel de la célèbre théorie des homomorphismes 'abstraits' de groupes algébriques simples, due à Armand Borel et Jacques Tits.<p><p>Le problème d'isomorphismes qu'on étudie s'avère être un cas particulier d'un problème plus général, qui consiste à caractériser les homomorphismes de groupes algébriques vers les groupes de Kac-Moody, dont l'image est bornée. Ce problème peut à son tour s'énoncer comme un problème de rigidité pour les actions de groupes algébriques sur les immeubles, via l'action naturelle d'un groupe de Kac-Moody sur une paire d'immeubles jumelés. Les résultats partiels, relatifs à ce problème de rigidité, que nous obtenons, nous permettent d'apporter une solution complète au problème d'isomorphismes pour les groupes de Kac-Moody déployés.<p>En particulier, on obtient un résultat de dévissage pour les automorphismes de ces objets. Celui-ci fournit à son tour une description complète de la structure du groupe d'automorphismes d'un groupe de Kac-Moody déployé sur un corps de caractéristique~$0$.<p><p>Nos arguments permettent également de traiter de façon analogue certaines formes anisotropes de groupes de Kac-Moody complexes, appelées formes unitaires. On montre en particulier que la topologie Hausdorff naturelle que portent ces formes est un invariant de leur structure de groupe abstrait. Ceci généralise un résultat bien connu de H. Freudenthal pour les groupes de Lie compacts.<p><p>Enfin, l'on s'intéresse aux homomorphismes de groupes de Kac-Moody à image fini-dimensionnelle, et l'on démontre la non-existence de tels homomorphismes à noyau central, lorsque le domaine est un groupe de Kac-Moody de type indéfini sur un corps infini. Ceci réduit un problème ouvert, dit problème de linéarité pour les groupes de Kac-Moody, au cas de corps de base finis. / Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation mathématiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished