Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:24:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_maria_do_carmo.pdf: 1347046 bytes, checksum: fb69e511087e5bcc66d8c7e0c7e2a559 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-18 / This linguistic investigation aims to study the conceptions of language and teaching interiorized by teachers from the first grades of basic education acting in the public teaching networks. They are protagonists of the graduation program in plain pedagogy. The program aims to attend the determination of law, 9.394/96, that has the purpose of improving the basic education rates, qualifying the teaching activity, which is based upon the theoretical-practical relation. Facing this phenomenon, we bring again the hypothesis: what language conceptions subsidize the subject‟s reflections when they are narrating their experiences theoretical-practical? We take as a referential the language supported by theoretical contributions and authors that discuss the teaching of maternal language, circumstanced by the language conceptions that base the practice of teachers in this area of the knowledge. We also chose to accomplish a theoretical sturdy of the memorial, in order to give visibility in text. The sample is made of 24 selected memorials, which build the corpus. It was analyzed through four categories that constitute the fundamental activities of Portuguese language teaching orality, writing, reading and grammar. The results of the research confirm that the conditions of the memorials production were decisive in order to answer the raised hypothesis. Thus, the language conception inside the narrative discourses has an interactionist approach, considering the way they auto refer the reconstruction of the practice of maternal language teaching / Esta investigação linguística tem como objeto de estudo as concepções de linguagem e ensino dos professores das séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, em exercício nas Redes Públicas de Ensino, protagonistas do Programa de Graduação Plena em Pedagogia. Este programa tinha como objetivo atender ao disposto na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional-LDB 9.394/96, com a finalidade de melhorar os índices da Educação Básica, qualificando o fazer docente, fundamentado na relação teoria-prática. Diante desse fenômeno, nos voltamos para levantar a hipótese: que concepções de linguagem subsidiam as reflexões dos sujeitos ao narrarem as suas experiências teórico-práticas no Memorial? Tomamos como referencial a Linguagem apoiada nas contribuições de teóricos e autores que discutem o Ensino da Língua Materna, circunstanciado pelas concepções de linguagem que embasam a prática do professor dessa área do conhecimento. Optamos fazer um estudo teórico do Memorial para dar visibilidade a este gênero textual. A amostra se constitui de 24 memoriais selecionados, na Instituição Formadora. Para a consecução dos objetivos tomamos como principio metodológico a análise qualitativa por possibilitar a interação entre a pesquisadora, os autores e o texto. Efetuamos um corte epistemológico nos memoriais para constituir o corpus. Este foi analisado a partir de quatro categorias que constituem os eixos de ensino da Língua Portuguesa, a oralidade, a escrita, a leitura e a gramática. Os resultados dessa pesquisa confirmam que as condições de produção dos memoriais foram determinantes para responder à hipótese levantada. Assim, a concepção de linguagem predominante no discurso das narrativas é de abordagem interacionista, pela forma que autoreferenciam a reconstrução da prática de ensino da Língua Materna

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:25:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 luiz_fernando_lopes.pdf: 1017570 bytes, checksum: c969f16a7168a4f5e3b90a108e48ff17 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-12 / This research descriptive and analytical, qualitative discusses the theories of the Russian philosopher Mikhail Bakhtin regarding the dialogic and polyphony in the poem Morte e Vida Severina, of João Cabral de Melo Neto. We aimed to analyze the dialogic and polyphonic categories of some stanzas of that poem, specifically, the subject as a representation of a social collective, intertextuality and poetic intergenericidade because we believe that this guy is an inseparable part of the things of the world and the things that surround. Our theoretical framework was made from Bakhtin's ideas (1998, 2005, 2011); and the Voloshinov in respect of discourse aspects, and Candido ideas (2010) of Secchin (2003), Teles (1977) and Cabral itself (2015), with regard to literary aspects. Our analysis points to the study of discursive dialogism present in the poem and its discursive marks that intertwine with historical, cultural and ideological values, featuring thus a text with great discursive richness. The presence of polyphony is another brand present in this study indicating the formation of social subjects that reflect a community of discourse, always open to multiple possibilities, whose characters being pointed in an unfinished process of evolution. This concept shall be taken in poem analysis as the position taken by the narrator - character-as a conductor of a large chorus of voices participating in the aesthetic construction. The intertextual relations are also part of our research, and it was possible to find them in the presence of elements of medieval and religious culture, which, quite influenced cabralinos writings, beyond the aspects of folklore and popular culture; all in line with the development of the poem. Finally, the multiple aspect of corpus analysis also shows up in the intergeneric relationships, because it is a theatrical text made in verse, which characterizes it as a dramatic poem. / A presente pesquisa de cunho descritivo-analítico, de natureza qualitativa procura discutir as teorias do filósofo russo Mikhail Bakhtin no que se refere ao dialogismo e à polifonia no poema Morte e Vida Severina, de João Cabral de Melo Neto. Objetivamos analisar as categorias dialógicas e polifônicas de algumas estrofes do referido poema, especificamente, o sujeito como representação de um coletivo social, a intertextualidade e a intergenericidade poética, pois acreditamos que esse sujeito é parte indissociável entre as coisas do mundo e as coisas que o cercam. Nosso arcabouço teórico foi constituído a partir das ideias de Bakhtin (1998, 2005, 2011); e as de Volochinov, no que diz respeito aos aspectos discursivos, e das ideias de Candido (2010), de Secchin (2003), de Teles (1977) e as do próprio Cabral (2015), no que diz respeito aos aspectos literários. Nossas análises apontam para o estudo do dialogismo discursivo presente no poema e suas marcas discursivas que se entrelaçam com valores históricos, culturais e ideológicos, caracterizando, assim, um texto com grande riqueza discursiva. A presença da polifonia é outra marca presente neste estudo apontando a formação de sujeitos sociais que refletem um discurso de coletividade, sempre aberto à múltiplas possibilidades, cujas personagens sendo apontadas em um processo de evolução inacabado. Tal conceito passa a ser tomado na análise do poema como a posição tomada por parte do narrador personagem -como um regente de um grande coro de vozes que participam da construção estética. As relações intertextuais também fazem parte da nossa pesquisa, e foi possível encontrá-las na presença de elementos da cultura medieval e religiosa, que, influenciaram bastante os escritos cabralinos, além, dos aspectos do folclore e da cultura popular; todos em sintonia com a elaboração do poema. Por fim, o aspecto múltiplo do corpus em análise evidencia-se também nas relações intergenéricas, por se tratar de um texto teatral feito em versos, o que caracteriza-o como poema dramático.

Diploma thesis "China in the Czech Press: Comparing Representations of Authoritarian Political System in Democratic Media System" uses qualitative content analysis to examine attributes ascribed to China by selected Czech mainstream newspapers in selected periods, systematizing and categorizing the findings into instituted categories. The analysis serves as a basis for answering the key question: How media representations of political and social system - which is unacceptable in the system where the media work - can be ideologically adapted? Brief insight into history and contemporary problems of China and interpretation of the term "ideology" based on description of the development of this term firstly in its negative definition of Marxist line stay before presentation of results of the qualitative research. The thesis includes also extensive part full of graphical supplements which denote image of China in discourse of dailies Lidové noviny and Právo in five selected periods. It allows easy comparison of separate partial discourses, so distinctions among the partial images of China are well discoverable.

The thesis 'The role of the Czech public media in the pension reform discourse' aims to provide a critical reflection on the role of the Czech Television and the Czech Radio in the debate over the changes in the pension scheme of the Czech Republic. The principal method used for that is the discourse analysis, which comprises quality and quantity analysis of the media output, interviews and personal observation. The research project focuses on the context the debate over the pension reform occurs and how it is presented in the public media. The theoretical part summarizes the theoretical concepts used in the research project, i.e. concepts from the field of public policy, social policy, mass communication and discourse analysis. The empirical part examines the institutional development of the pension reform, its variations in political, scholarly (Czech and international) and public discourse. The major part of the research project is based on the discourse analysis of the pension reform discourse in the Czech public media. The role of the public media in the pension reform discourse is deduced on the basis of the theoretical and empirical parts.

Cet ouvrage a été rédigé en LaTeX, ce qui permet d'atteindre directement certaines sections, notes ou références bibliographiques par le biais des hyperliens. / Ce mémoire se veut une synthèse critique de la littérature portant sur la logique déontique. Le premier objectif est d'y présenter un aperçu historique de son origine et de son évolution. Cet objectif sera principalement atteint par le biais du chapitre 2 portant sur les paradoxes, lequel nous permettra non seulement de voir en réaction à quoi les principales approches se sont développées, mais nous donnera aussi une vue d'ensemble quant aux différents courants que l'on retrouve en logique déontique. En second lieu, cet ouvrage vise à fournir une synthèse de la littérature portant sur l'analyse formelle du discours normatif. Les chapitres 3, 4 et 5 offrent une synthèse des principaux courants qui cherchent à répondre à cet objectif, ce que l'on peut regrouper sous trois banières, à savoir les logiques monadiques, les logiques dyadiques et les logiques temporelles. Finalement, nous proposons une lecture critique de cette littérature. Cette critique, qui repose notamment sur la prémisse à savoir que la logique déontique se doit non pas de rendre compte de l'utilisation du discours normatif mais plutôt de sa structure, vise à montrer que les systèmes actuels ne parviennent pas à rendre compte adéquatement de certaines caractéristiques fondamentales au discours juridique. / In this essay we aim to provide a critical analysis of the literature regarding deontic logic. First of all, we wish to give a historical account of deontic logic's evolution, which will be done mainly by chapter 2. This chapter concerns the paradoxes of deontic logic and gives an overview of the usual systems and their origin. Our second objective is to provide a synthesis of the literature regarding the formal analysis of the normative discourse. The chapters 3, 4 and 5 give an account of the three principal ways which deal with deontic operators, that is the monadic deontic logic, the dyadic deontic logic and the temporal deontic logic. Finally, we propose a critical analysis of that literature and we show that these systems do not represent adequately some of the normative discourse's fundamental characteristics. We will accomplish this by providing an analysis of the legal discourse and show that the concept of obligation has some properties and behaves in a way that cannot be represented by the actual systems.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:34:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonia da Conceicao Espirito Santo.pdf: 1211676 bytes, checksum: 20b5c04e019fa2ab3268a7d3106ff65e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-15 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / This Dissertation is situated on the Critical Analysis of the Discourse, in interdisciplinarity with Text Linguistics, Social Representation Theory and Enunciation Theory. Its General Purpose it to contribute with the study of the different roles in different Brazilian social and cultural groups, and its Specific Purposes are: to identify the different social roles forming the social structure of our northeastern country man ( sertanejo ); to examine how such roles function, focusing the interaction of the northeastern country man with other social groups; and to recognize the cultural and ideological values contained in the representation of the different social roles examined. It is justified that the frequent evaluations of Brazilian education evidence the inefficiency of public schools in the teaching-learning process, the solutions commonly presented being given by professionals who are out of school and, thus, the classroom context and the student profile are not considered. The setting point of the investigation was to know the different social representations, which are kinds of knowledge stored in the students long term memory, by means of a questionnaire to characterize them and to choose one of their favorite songs. The hypothesis guiding the research results from the dialect between the social and the individual aspects, and the methodological proceeding was the theoreticalanalytical one, which enabled the analysis of the base-text, taking into consideration the categories Society, Cognition and Speech, being supported by internal texts. The results obtained evidence that: 1) the base-text brings Renato Russo s complaint against social injustice and oppression in the lower classes resulting from northeastern migration; 2) the big city is represented by different social groups, each one with specific social roles determined by the Power ideology; 3) the Power is established by the economic power, which reorganizes the other social hierarchies, present in the representations of the social cognition signs, intra, inter and extra group. In conclusion, the citizenship is not attributed to all Brazilian citizens, since lower classes are subject to the State, although the State is not responsible for them / Dissertação situada na Análise Critica do Discurso, em interdisciplinaridade com a Linguística de Texto, a Teoria das Representações Sociais e a Teoria da Enunciação. Tem por Objetivo Geral, contribuir para os estudos dos papéis sociais, em diferentes grupos sócio-culturais brasileiros e por Objetivos Específicos: identificar os diferentes papéis sociais que compõem a estrutura da sociedade do nosso sertanejo nordestino; examinar qual funcionamento esses papéis têm entre si, a partir da interação do sertanejo nordestino com outros grupos sociais; e reconhecer os valores culturais e ideológicos, contidos na representação dos diferentes papéis sociais examinados. Justifica-se, pois frequentes avaliações da educação brasileira apontam a ineficiência das escolas públicas no processo ensino-aprendizagem e as soluções apontadas são, comumente, apresentadas por profissionais que atuam fora da escola e, portanto, o contexto da sala de aula e o perfil do aluno são desconsiderados. O ponto de partida da investigação foi conhecer as diferentes representações sociais, que são formas de conhecimento armazenadas na memória de longo prazo dos alunos, através de um questionário para caracterizá-los e para a escolha de uma música de suas preferências. A hipótese orientadora da pesquisa decorre da dialética entre o social e o individual e o procedimento metodológico foi teórico-analítico, o que propiciou a análise do texto-base a partir das categorias Sociedade, Cognição e Discurso, sendo complementada por intertextos. Os resultados obtidos indicam que: 1) o texto-base traz, representado em língua, uma denúncia de Renato Russo contra a injustiça e a opressão social, relativas às classes carentes, oriundas da migração nordestina; 2) a metrópole é representada por diferentes grupos sociais, cada um com papéis sociais específicos, determinados pela ideologia do Poder; 3) o Poder se institui a partir do poder econômico, que reorganiza as demais hierarquias sociais, presentes nas representações dos marcos de cognição social, intra, inter e extragrupais. Conclui-se que a cidadania não é atribuída a todos os brasileiros, pois, as classes mais carentes têm dever com o Estado, porém, o Estado não tem dever com elas

This diploma thesis analyses the media image of political party Sdružení pro republiku - Republikánské strany Československa (SPR - RSČ, The Union for Republic - Republican Party of Czechoslovakia), and the media discourse in 1990s. The thesis is focused on analysis of electronic media such as radio and TV talk shows. The time period of the analysis was chosen to capture the period when this political subject was active on Czechoslovak and later on Czech political scene, i.e. 1990-1998. The author discusses the development of the political communication of the party representatives (most of the space is dedicated to media appetence of SPR - RSČ president Miroslav Sládek) and the general political communication in mass media. The goal of the thesis is to analyse the comparison of the media appearance of the party members during the eight years from when the party entered on political scene to its political decline in June 1998. Keywords The Union for Republic - Republican Party of Czechoslovakia, analysis of media discourse, electronic media, party system, media image, development of society.

Ce mémoire se veut une synthèse critique de la littérature portant sur la logique déontique. Le premier objectif est d'y présenter un aperçu historique de son origine et de son évolution. Cet objectif sera principalement atteint par le biais du chapitre 2 portant sur les paradoxes, lequel nous permettra non seulement de voir en réaction à quoi les principales approches se sont développées, mais nous donnera aussi une vue d'ensemble quant aux différents courants que l'on retrouve en logique déontique. En second lieu, cet ouvrage vise à fournir une synthèse de la littérature portant sur l'analyse formelle du discours normatif. Les chapitres 3, 4 et 5 offrent une synthèse des principaux courants qui cherchent à répondre à cet objectif, ce que l'on peut regrouper sous trois banières, à savoir les logiques monadiques, les logiques dyadiques et les logiques temporelles. Finalement, nous proposons une lecture critique de cette littérature. Cette critique, qui repose notamment sur la prémisse à savoir que la logique déontique se doit non pas de rendre compte de l'utilisation du discours normatif mais plutôt de sa structure, vise à montrer que les systèmes actuels ne parviennent pas à rendre compte adéquatement de certaines caractéristiques fondamentales au discours juridique. / In this essay we aim to provide a critical analysis of the literature regarding deontic logic. First of all, we wish to give a historical account of deontic logic's evolution, which will be done mainly by chapter 2. This chapter concerns the paradoxes of deontic logic and gives an overview of the usual systems and their origin. Our second objective is to provide a synthesis of the literature regarding the formal analysis of the normative discourse. The chapters 3, 4 and 5 give an account of the three principal ways which deal with deontic operators, that is the monadic deontic logic, the dyadic deontic logic and the temporal deontic logic. Finally, we propose a critical analysis of that literature and we show that these systems do not represent adequately some of the normative discourse's fundamental characteristics. We will accomplish this by providing an analysis of the legal discourse and show that the concept of obligation has some properties and behaves in a way that cannot be represented by the actual systems. / Cet ouvrage a été rédigé en LaTeX, ce qui permet d'atteindre directement certaines sections, notes ou références bibliographiques par le biais des hyperliens.

This thesis examines the influence of state identity narratives on regional cooperation frameworks in Central Asia. It applies the perspectives of ontological security theory to the self-articulation of state identities of Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan to decipher socialization mechanisms in each of the cases. Consequently, it traces the routinization of the state narratives of Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan toward the region and regional organizations. Ontological security theory argues that, in addition to physical security, states seek ideational security, security of identity and security of being. Using a grounded theory approach to study the formation of the state narratives of Kyrgyzstan and of Turkmenistan and utilizing official and media sources and interviews conducted during fieldwork, the thesis analyzes the process of routinization of state identity narratives, showcasing the narrators, the narratives and the processes of self-articulation. The key process that is traced is the routinization of the state narratives, i.e. the sequence of repeated actions (inter-textualized through speech acts and textual references) that transform the self-articulated stories of the states into the realm of the habitual. This process of routinization is then analyzed within the regional context, examining how these routinized narratives influence inter-state cooperation in Central Asia. As such, the thesis contributes to two main bodies of literature: the growing literature on the ideational aspects of regional cooperation in Central Asia; and existing research on the role of state identification practices in the foreign policies of Central Asian states.

Considérées, aujourd’hui, comme des œuvres majeures de la littérature allemande du XXe siècle, Scènes de la vie d’un faune et L’Ombre du corps du cocher sont, à l’origine, deux textes pour le moins à part dans le paysage littéraire allemand du début des années 1950 – au point que celui de Weiss n’a même pas trouvé d’éditeur avant 1960. La présente étude analyse les deux récits autodiégétiques à partir des traits saillants suivants : leur dispositif d’énonciation à double voix (narrateur vs. instance auctoriale non anthropomorphe), leurs réseaux de métaphores à valeur poétologique, et surtout les multiples interactions entre le foisonnement des microséquences descriptives et les macroséquences narratives quelque peu occultées par les premières, mais toujours indéniablement présentes. Dès lors, l’analyse dégage les implications esthético-politiques de chacun des deux textes ; en résonance avec des intertextes soit romantiques et d’ordre mythique (pour Scènes de la vie d’un faune), soit surréalistes et freudiens (pour L’Ombre du corps du cocher), chacun soulève une question ‘explosive’ en ce qu’elle est négligée ou évitée par la production littéraire allemande dominante de ces années-là. L’idylle convulsive d’Arno Schmidt : Quel est le prix à payer pour un récit fictionnel traitant de l’époque national-socialiste qui ne veut pas renoncer au plaisir de la métaphore ? Le psychodrame chosifié de Peter Weiss : Quelles zones la littérature allemande de l’après-guerre laisse-t-elle dans l’ombre en se tournant entièrement vers le recensement du monde extérieur et en optant pour un langage prétendument univoque, apposant des contours stables au réel ? / Today, Scenes from the Life of a Faun and The Shadow of the Coachman’s Body are considered as major works of the 20th century German literature ; originally however, at the beginning of the 1950s, they were rather isolated in the German-language literary landscape – to such an extent that Peter Weiss’ text was not even published until 1960. The present work analyses the two auto-diegetic narratives by choosing the following axes of comparison : the tension between the narrator’s voice and the voice of the authorial, non anthropomorphic instance ; the networks of metaphors with poetological implications and, above all, the interaction between the abounding descriptive micro-sequences and the narrative macro-sequences, somewhat hidden behind the descriptions but nonetheless and undeniably present. By following these tracks, the analysis shows the aesthetic-political implications of the two texts ; echoing with either romantic and myth-like (as far as Scenes from the Life of a Faun is concerned) or surrealist and Freudian (The Shadow of the Coachman’s Body) intertexts, each of the texts raises a specific ‘explosive’ question, neglected or avoided by the dominant literary production. Thus, Arno Schmidt’s convulsive idyll asks : What is the price to pay for a fictional narrative about the Nazi-years if it is not willing to give up the pleasures of the metaphor ? And Peter Weiss’ matter-of-fact psycho-drama : What is it that post-war German literature keeps out by focusing entirely on the outlines of the exterior world and by relying on a supposedly non-metaphorical language with stable meanings ?