Re-Membering Ancient Women: Hypatia of Alexandria and Her Communities is a recovery of Hypatia of Alexandria (355-415 ACE) as a skilled rhetorician and instructor of note who taught in Alexandria, Egypt. This work addresses Hypatia as a missing female figure from the history of rhetoric and follows the work of feminist historiographers in the field of Rhetoric and Composition including Andrea Lunsford, Jan Swearingen, Susan Jarratt, and Cheryl Glenn (among others) who note the exclusion of women from ancient schools of rhetoric, yet assert their participation in rhetorical activities. In its recovery of Hypatia, the work recreates the historical milieu of Roman Alexandria including Alexandria’s ethnically and religiously diverse population. As a woman of Greco-Egyptian decent, Hypatia’s public work was supported by Egyptian, Greek, and Roman legal and social customs that enabled her to lecture in public and private, administer her own school, and advise high-level political leaders. Using feminist and post-modern theories as a lens and fusing disciplines such as Rhetoric and Composition, Classics, History, Philosophy, Communication Studies, Critical Theory, and Women’s Studies, this project demonstrates that although primary texts authored by women are scarce, historians may still recover women and their activities for expanded historical traditions of rhetoric by examining secondary texts. The concept of community is used as a heuristic in order to discover communities in which Hypatia engaged and led to the discovery of women Neoplatonists of the fourth century ACE and Neopythagoreans from the sixth through second centuries BCE. The Neoplatonists and Neopythagoreans usually married only those who shared their belief system; hence, women were commonly educated and participated in their communities to secure the survival of their respective group. Included is a sustained critique of historiographical methods that may allow feminist historiographers to return to the ancient period to conduct much needed further research.

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The three works of Procopius of Caesarea, the History of the Wars, the Buildings and the Secret History, form a corpus which can be profitably studied as a whole. My thesis is a typology of the visual in Procopius’ corpus, which is embedded in a study of narrative technique. It concerns itself with the representation of material reality and the complex relationship between materiality and the text. It utilises the digressive and the descriptive as an indirect entry point to expose Procopius’ literary finesse and his use of poikilia. In the first half of this thesis, the main object of my study is the representation of the material world in Procopius. The first chapter is devoted to the first book of the Buildings as it depicts the city of Constantinople. The second chapter moves to the representation of space and the third chapter to that of objects of all sizes and kinds. From these three different angles, I demonstrate how the visual is deeply charged with both ideological and meta-textual intentions. The second half of the thesis goes beyond materiality to examine what I discuss as the imaginaire of Procopius. The fourth chapter examines the way violence is depicted in a material and spectacular manner as well as its meta-textual implications, and the fifth and final chapter addresses the omnipresence of the supernatural in the corpus as well as Procopius’ self-representation as narrator and character. While preoccupied to some extent with ideological and political concerns, this thesis is first and foremost centred on the text itself and how its relationship to the description of material culture throws light on a crucial author on the cusp between the classical and the medieval imaginaire, one of the most significant authors in Byzantine literary culture.

Notre thèse se propose comme objectif la définition et l’étude du traitement de l’ekphrasis dans la fiction narrative française en prose entre 1585 et 1660. L’ekphrasis y est comprise dans le sens ancien et rhétorique d’un discours doté d’évidence (enargeia), mettant son objet devant les yeux du lecteur/auditeur. En s’appuyant sur une rigoureuse enquête philologique, le présent travail vise d’abord à définir l’origine rhétorique de la notion d’ekphrasis et de tracer sa complexe cartographie sémantique entre l’Antiquité et la première modernité. L’enquête s’efforce ensuite de montrer l’attitude – de docilité ou de rébellion – de l’ekphrasis romanesque par rapport aux préceptes antiques et contemporains, par la mise en lumière des singularités d’écriture qui différencient la pratique des romanciers. Enfin, l’étude s’attache à dégager les effets que l’ekphrasis et plus en général le discours évident, dont les sources mettent en lumière l’étroit lien avec les passions, sont censés susciter chez le lecteur. / The aim of this thesis is the definition and study of the treatment of ekphrasis in fictional prose narrative in French between 1585 and 1660. Ekphrasis is considered here in its ancient and rhetorical sense of a discourse having the quality of enargeia – that is, one that places its object before the eyes of the reader/listener.Based on a rigorous philological investigation, this paper aims first at defining the rhetorical origin of the concept of ekphrasis, and its complex semantic mapping between Antiquity and the early modern period.This research attempts then to shed light on the attitude (docility or rebellion) of fictional ekphrasis toward the ancient and contemporary precepts, by highlighting the singularities of writing that distinguish the practice of novelists.Finally, this study focuses on identifying the effects that ekphrasis, and more generally the figures of enargeia – of which the sources highlight the close link with the passions – are expected to arouse in the reader.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-06-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:34:46Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_mv_me_assis.pdf: 669011 bytes, checksum: a60e334b5d3c2df3dd2d65a73d171bde (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O presente trabalho tem como proposta o estudo sobre a obra acadêmica de Cláudio Manuel da Costa, segundo referenciais teóricos adotados buscados nas Retóricas e Poéticas antigas e nas obras de Iris Kantor (2004); de João Palma-Ferreira (1982); de Yêdda Dias Lima (1983); de Alberto Lamego (1923) e de José Aderaldo Castello (1969), tanto para o estudo do academicismo quanto para disponibilizar o corpus deste trabalho, do qual constam as correspondências e a obra poética do autor, debatidas nas Obras Poéticas (Ribeiro, 1903); n’O Inconfidente Cláudio Manuel da Costa (Franco, 1931) e na Poesia dos Inconfidentes (Proença Filho, 1996). O panorama histórico e a inserção dos pensamentos iluministas em Portugal e no século XVIII do Brasil têm por referenciais o Testamento Político de D. Luís da Cunha (1976); Verdadeiro Método de Estudar (Verney, 1952), Como Interpretar Pombal? (Org. Calouste Gulbenkian, 1983) e A Idade de Ouro do Brasil (Boxer, 2000). O corpus é composto por algumas correspondências endereçadas aos membros da Academia Brasílica dos Renascidos; pelo Juramento, dirigido à mesma agremiação e pelos Apontamentos para se unir ao Catálogo dos Acadêmicos Supranumerários, que dão notícia da biografia e da produção escrita do poeta em questão. Os Estatutos da Academia Brazilica dos Renascidos, contribuem para o entendimento da organização da academia, enquanto o drama O Parnaso Obsequioso, obra de caráter circunstancial, pode ser considerado um dos poucos atos acadêmicos de que se tem notícia. A busca, inclusão e análise dos textos não literários de Cláudio Manuel da Costa significam ilustrar, com sua obra, os estudos acadêmicos e, deste modo, configurar sua produção não poética na consolidação de uma orientação formal de escrita condizente com a época na qual foi produzida. / The present work proposes the study on the work of Costa, Cláudio Manuel. In order to accomplish our goal, the theoretical references adopted were searched in ancient Rhetoric and Poetics and in the work by Kantor, Íris (2004); Ferreira, João Palma - (1982); Lima, Yêdda Dias (1983); Lamego, Alberto (1923) and Castello, José Aderaldo (1969). The Obras Poéticas of Ribeiro, João (1903); O Inconfidente Cláudio Manuel da Costa of Franco, Caio Mello (1931) and Poesia dos Inconfidentes, organized by Filho, Domício Proença (1996) debate the corpus that we chose and, with aid of their forewords and analyses, explained some subjects on the studied author. For the elaboration of the historical panorama of the insertion of Enlightenment thoughts in Portugal and in the 18th century in Brazil, we refer to Testamento Político of D. Cunha, Luís (1976); Verdadeiro Método de Estudar of Verney, Luís António (1952); to the collection Como Interpretar Pombal? organized by publisher Calouste Gulbenkian (1983) and A Idade de Ouro do Brasil of Boxer, Charles (2000). The corpus is composed by the correspondence addressed to the members of the Academia Brasílica dos Renascidos; the Juramento and the Apontamentos para se unir ao Catálogo dos Acadêmicos Supranumerários; the Estatutos da Academia Brazilica dos Renascidos that contributed to the understanding of the organization of the Academy, as well as the drama O Parnaso Obsequioso, a circumstancial work considered as one of his few known academic acts. The search, adoption and analysis of the non-literary texts in this work were a way of addressing the work of Costa, Cláudio Manuel in the context of the academic studies and, by doing so, to configure his non-poetic production in a formal orientation of writing that fits the time in the which it was produced.

Orientador: Carlos Eduardo Mendes de Moraes / Banca: Jarbas Vargas Nascimento / Banca: Sandra Aparecida Ferreira / Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como proposta o estudo sobre a obra acadêmica de Cláudio Manuel da Costa, segundo referenciais teóricos adotados buscados nas Retóricas e Poéticas antigas e nas obras de Iris Kantor (2004); de João Palma-Ferreira (1982); de Yêdda Dias Lima (1983); de Alberto Lamego (1923) e de José Aderaldo Castello (1969), tanto para o estudo do academicismo quanto para disponibilizar o corpus deste trabalho, do qual constam as correspondências e a obra poética do autor, debatidas nas Obras Poéticas (Ribeiro, 1903); n'O Inconfidente Cláudio Manuel da Costa (Franco, 1931) e na Poesia dos Inconfidentes (Proença Filho, 1996). O panorama histórico e a inserção dos pensamentos iluministas em Portugal e no século XVIII do Brasil têm por referenciais o Testamento Político de D. Luís da Cunha (1976); Verdadeiro Método de Estudar (Verney, 1952), Como Interpretar Pombal? (Org. Calouste Gulbenkian, 1983) e A Idade de Ouro do Brasil (Boxer, 2000). O corpus é composto por algumas correspondências endereçadas aos membros da Academia Brasílica dos Renascidos; pelo Juramento, dirigido à mesma agremiação e pelos Apontamentos para se unir ao Catálogo dos Acadêmicos Supranumerários, que dão notícia da biografia e da produção escrita do poeta em questão. Os Estatutos da Academia Brazilica dos Renascidos, contribuem para o entendimento da organização da academia, enquanto o drama O Parnaso Obsequioso, obra de caráter circunstancial, pode ser considerado um dos poucos atos acadêmicos de que se tem notícia. A busca, inclusão e análise dos textos não literários de Cláudio Manuel da Costa significam ilustrar, com sua obra, os estudos acadêmicos e, deste modo, configurar sua produção não poética na consolidação de uma orientação formal de escrita condizente com a época na qual foi produzida. / Abstract: The present work proposes the study on the work of Costa, Cláudio Manuel. In order to accomplish our goal, the theoretical references adopted were searched in ancient Rhetoric and Poetics and in the work by Kantor, Íris (2004); Ferreira, João Palma - (1982); Lima, Yêdda Dias (1983); Lamego, Alberto (1923) and Castello, José Aderaldo (1969). The Obras Poéticas of Ribeiro, João (1903); O Inconfidente Cláudio Manuel da Costa of Franco, Caio Mello (1931) and Poesia dos Inconfidentes, organized by Filho, Domício Proença (1996) debate the corpus that we chose and, with aid of their forewords and analyses, explained some subjects on the studied author. For the elaboration of the historical panorama of the insertion of Enlightenment thoughts in Portugal and in the 18th century in Brazil, we refer to Testamento Político of D. Cunha, Luís (1976); Verdadeiro Método de Estudar of Verney, Luís António (1952); to the collection Como Interpretar Pombal? organized by publisher Calouste Gulbenkian (1983) and A Idade de Ouro do Brasil of Boxer, Charles (2000). The corpus is composed by the correspondence addressed to the members of the Academia Brasílica dos Renascidos; the Juramento and the Apontamentos para se unir ao Catálogo dos Acadêmicos Supranumerários; the Estatutos da Academia Brazilica dos Renascidos that contributed to the understanding of the organization of the Academy, as well as the drama O Parnaso Obsequioso, a circumstancial work considered as one of his few known academic acts. The search, adoption and analysis of the non-literary texts in this work were a way of addressing the work of Costa, Cláudio Manuel in the context of the academic studies and, by doing so, to configure his non-poetic production in a formal orientation of writing that fits the time in the which it was produced. / Mestre

L’encyclopédie en neuf livres de Martianus Capella, vraisemblablement composée au début du Ve s. après J.-C., se situe à la transition entre les conceptions antiques et médiévales de la « formation libérale ». Sept sciences, dons de Mercure à Philologie, exposent leur discipline devant les dieux, et forment un programme d’ascension de l’âme vers le monde divin et rationnel. En promettant un exposé conforme au statut de science (disciplina) qu’elle partage avec ses six compagnes, Rhétorique propose de dépasser les débats dont elle fait l’objet : son enseignement veut construire un art général de l’argumentation persuasive. Notre étude définit la place du livre 5 dans l’œuvre de Martianus et dans la tradition rhétorique antique. Contrairement aux traités des rhéteurs latins tardifs qui nous sont parvenus, le traité du livre 5 adopte (et adapte) les orientations des derniers ouvrages rhétoriques de Cicéron (le De oratore notamment) : la théorie est conçue pour répondre aussi bien aux questions « particulières », domaine des orateurs, qu’aux questions « générales » et philosophiques. Cette conception de la rhétorique n’est pas nouvelle : elle s’appuie sur des traditions philosophiques d’enseignement de la rhétorique, notamment développées dans des cadres péripatéticiens et académiciens. Le traité de Martianus est toutefois le seul témoin tardif qui reprenne ces perspectives avancées, et cherche à les organiser sous forme systématique. Science de la parole persuasive, la rhétorique occupe une place essentielle dans la mise en œuvre du projet de Martianus, et constitue une étape importante avant le principe plus élevé représenté par l’harmonie. / Martianus Capella’s encyclopedic work, probably composed in the early 5th century A.D., forms an original transition between Ancient and Medieval conceptions of "liberal education". As wedding gifts given by Mercury to Philology, seven Sciences present their branch of knowledge in a divine assembly : this scientific programme aims at the ascension of the soul towards the divine and rational world. Rhetoric answers (and goes beyond) the traditional critics directed against oratory. She promises a presentation consistent with the status of science (disciplina) she shares with her six companions : her teaching builds a general art of persuasive argument. Our study defines the position of Book 5 in Martianus’ work and in the Ancient rhetorical traditions. Whereas the Late Latin rhetorical handbooks that have survived partake of the « standard » rhetorical teaching, Martianus’ Book 5 adopts (and adapts) the guidelines of the Cicero’s latest rhetorical works (especially De oratore) : the theory is designed to meet both "particular " questions, area of orators, and the "general" philosophical questions. This conception of rhetoric is not new : it relies on philosophical traditions of teaching rhetoric that were developed in Peripatetic and Academic settings. Martianus’ Book 5 is however the only Late Antique testimony that embraces these advanced prospects, and seeks to organise them in a systematic form. As the science of persuasive speech, Rhetoric plays an essential role in Martianus’ project, and constitutes an important step before the higher principle represented by Harmony.

Imitation was one of the five teaching methods passed down from the Greeks and was, from antiquity down to the nineteenth century, highly respected among scholars and educators. However, imitation has lost status as a viable pedagogy, and especially perhaps in the field of composition studies.

Au VIe siècle avant J.-C., Solon a joué un rôle politique important à Athènes. Législateur, il a établi des lois. Législateur, mais aussi poète : des fragments poétiques qui vont du poème complet à un simple vers nous ont été transmis grâce à des auteurs postérieurs. Jusqu’à présent, les études sur Solon ont, pour la majeure partie, cherché à mieux cerner le législateur athénien d’une part, à comprendre la pensée postulée dans les poèmes d’autre part. Ces démarches visent toutes deux à enrichir notre connaissance lacunaire du VIe siècle avant J.-C. Le scepticisme appliqué aux sources de la tradition indirecte, qui nous apporte des informations sur Solon, a ouvert de nouvelles perspectives. Le projet que nous proposons s’inscrit dans cet héritage. Nous nous intéressons aux auteurs des Ve et IVe siècles avant J.-C. pour analyser, dans la lettre du texte, ce qu’ils disent de Solon et surtout, la manière dont ils le disent. Ainsi, il sera possible de saisir les dynamiques de transmission, de mutation et d’appropriation de cette figure d’autorité chez chacun des auteurs de notre corpus, car tirée à hue et à dia, la figure de Solon a servi des causes fort différentes. Puisque la tradition conditionne fortement les interprétations de la poésie solonienne et l’étude de son action politico-législative, il était nécessaire de revenir à la source même de toutes ces interprétations. Dès lors, il sera possible d’enrichir notre connaissance de l’histoire politique et intellectuelle de l’Athènes démocratique du IVe siècle, mieux comprendre le rapport qu’elle entretient avec son propre passé, mais aussi saisir comment se construit une argumentation politique et une idéologie propre à une société donnée à un moment précis de son histoire. / In the 6th century B.C., Solon played an important role in the city of Athens. As a lawgiver, he established laws for the Athenians. But he was also a poet : Solon's poetic fragments – entirely poems or a single verse – have been passed on later by authors. Up until now, scholars have tried, on the one hand to understand the reforms of the lawgiver and one the other hand to study his poems. Both of these approaches aim to improve our incomplet knowledge about the 6th century B.C. But the sources of the indirect tradition have been submit to skepticism. This allows new and fresh perspectives for Solonian studies. The scope of my PhD Thesis follows this skeptic approach : I will analyze most of the authors of the 5th and 4th centuries B.C., what they say and do about Solon. It will allow us to thus understand the dynamics of transmission, of mutation and of appropriation which occur to this authoritative figure in each text of the corpus. Because tradition heavily influences all the interpretations of Solonian poetry and reforms in the field of politic and legislation, it requires us to go back to the first sources of these various interpretations. I hope this study will help us increase our knowledge of the political and intellectual background of the Athenian Democracy of the 4th century B.C., and clarify which kind of connexion exists between the polis and its own past. Last but not least, this study contributes to understand how a political argumentation and a democratic ideology can be shaped by forensic discourses.

No description available.