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Field collections in the Southern Gulf of Oman and the Northwestern Arabian Sea, and examination of museum collections from this study area, yielded 7 genera and 33 species of apogonid fishes. Twenty one species of Apogon, one Archamia, four Cheilodipterus, three Fowleria, one Rhabdamia, two Siphamia, and one Holapogon are reviewed and illustrated. The Dhofar Cardinalfish, Apogon dhofar, nov. sp. is described from 21 specimens collected in the Arabian Sea, off southern Oman. It differs from the very similar A. pseudotaeniatus Gon, 1986 in its higher gill-raker count (12-17 developed rakers vs. 9-11) and coloration. Apogon dhofar has narrower dark vertical bars (one scale row or less wide vs. two or more for A. pseudotaeniatus) which are often indistinct or absent in life and tend to fade with size; and a caudal spot which is much smaller (2-3% SL vs. 4-6% SL for pseudotaeniatus) and often absent in life. Both A. dhofar and A. pseudotaeniatus have small dark chromatophores covering their bodies, but A. dhofar differs in having these chromatophores concentrated under the posterior edge of each scale producing a reticulate pattern on the body. The Cryptic Cardinalfish, Apogon species C., is described from 19 specimens collected in the Gulf of Oman and Arabian Gulf It differs from the similar A. taeniatus Ehrenberg, 1828 in its lower gill-raker count (8 developed rakers vs. 10-15) and horizontal stripes (7-8 dark stripes vs. 5-6 indistinct stripes). Apogon species C. also has 3-4 short brown stripes radiating away from the eye whereas A. taeniatus occasionally has one narrow dark stripe. Apogon species C. lacks any caudal spot which is usually present in A. taeniatus. Apogon thurstoni Day, 1888 is shown to be a junior synonym of Apogon nigripinnis Cuvier, 1828, and Apogon smithvanizi Allen and Randall, 1994 is shown to be a junior synonym of Apogon gularis Fraser and Lachner, 1986. Apogon pharaonis Bellotti, 1874, formerly considered a junior synonym of Apogon nigripinnis Cuvier, 1828, is shown to be a valid species occurring in the Red Sea and western Indian Ocean, and the range of A. nigripinnis is redefined as eastern Indian to western Pacific. Apogon suezi Sauvage, 1883 is shown to be a junior synonym of A. pharaonis. A review is presented of the systematic literature of the apogonid fishes from the study area, and a key to genera and species is provided. Included in the key are 33 apogonid species known from the area and an additional 7 species (and one genus) not yet recorded but likely to occur. / Graduation date: 1997

Thesis (M.A.)--Johnson Bible College, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-85).

The study was designed to examine the factors which affect the transferability of Western (contemporary British) philosophies and practices to the Arab culture of Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. The general case of transferability was studied, but it was biased towards its application to management. The thesis opened with a short history of the area under consideration and highlighted the role of the West in the emergence of these modern Arab states. Arab way of life was discussed at some length to illustrate the existence of cultural discontinuities. Data for the research was obtained by distributing a questionnaire to Arab students from the countries concerned who were studying in British Universities and Polytechnics in the Spring of 1984. The students were adjudged to be fresh from their own culture and to be meeting the British educational system and way of life head on. The data was subjected to an extensive, but simple form of statistical analysis which searched for associations and factors relevant to transferability. Factor Analysis was used for the educational and cultural sections. Four main conclusions were drawn. (1) A simple framework, which emerged from the views of students on taught courses, can be used to classify the transferability of subjects, however it relies on judgement to quantify cultural discontinuities. (2) Seventy five percent of respondents experienced some degree of culture shock in Britain. (3) Students generally regarded Western education favourably, but felt that contact with the West would alter Arab society and hence they should take care about what aspects of Western life and culture to accept. (4) National factors as well as cultural factors affect transferability. Finally, future research could fruitfully be concentrated on examining the effectiveness or otherwise of ongoing cross national training programmes.

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Originally presented as the author's Thesis (master's)--Saudi Arabia. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 289-320).