No / Recent research by Andrew Reynolds has interrogated the archaeological record for evidence of Anglo-Saxon execution cemeteries (Reynolds 2009). This paper will discuss how osteological evidence can aid our interpretation of Anglo-Saxon capital punishment and give insight into the type of evidence that might aid in the identification of corporal punishment from skeletal populations. The importance of correctly interpreting skeletal trauma is essential, but this can be supported by scrutinising the palaeodemographic profile of execution populations, burial position, an understanding the decomposition process and the significance of post-depositional disturbance of burials. It will lay down a framework for the successful identification of corporal and capital p unishments, with reference to Anglo-Saxon documentary sources. / Full text of the author's final draft is unavailable due to copyright restrictions.

Yes / This document reviews Legacy Data generated from 10 years’ worth of road scheme activity in Ireland to determine how archaeological geophysical surveys could be carried out on national roads in the future. The geophysical surveys were carried out by several different contractors across a range of challenging field conditions, geologies, weather and seasons. The research is based upon the results of linear schemes but also has validity for wider approaches. The findings of this research are based upon the compilation of all terrestrial archaeological geophysical surveys carried out on behalf of the National Roads Authority (NRA), a review of the success or otherwise of those surveys in comparison with ground-observed excavations and in combination with experimental surveys that tested previously held assumptions or knowledge to determine best practice methods for the future. The use and success of geophysical surveys in Ireland differ quite significantly from those in the UK, from where many of the methods of assessment were derived or adapted. Many of these differences can be attributed to geology. Ireland has a very high percentage of Carboniferous limestone geology, overlain mostly by tills and frequent occurrences of peat. These soils can reduce, to some extent, the effectiveness of magnetometer surveys; the most frequently used geophysical technique in Ireland. However, magnetometer data can be maximised in these cases by increasing the spatial resolution to produce effective results. An increase in spatial resolution is also effective generally, for enhancing the chances of identifying archaeological features by discriminating between archaeological and geological anomalies as well as increasing anomaly definition and visualisation of small and subtle archaeological features. Seasonal tests have determined that Irish soils are generally suitable for year round earth resistance assessments although some counties in the southeast of the country may experience very dry soils at the surface during some periods of the year. A variety of sampling strategies were used in the past, however it is now apparent that detailed assessments across the full length and width of a proposed road corridor are the most appropriate form of geophysical investigation. Magnetometer surveys are generally suitable for most Irish soils and geologies, although exceptions apply in areas of near-surface igneous deposits, deep peat and alluvial soils; however magnetometer surveys are not capable of identifying all types of archaeological features and other methods will be required for a full evaluation. Analysis of the Legacy Data has determined that in general the NRA archaeological geophysical surveys were historically used in a very positive way on road schemes. The range of features assessed or identified account for most types of archaeological sites in Ireland. These have provided a significant archive of case studies that will be of benefit to future archaeological geophysical research and will help to protect the globally dwindling archaeological resource that is threatened by development-led or commercially driven projects.

No / In rehydroxylation (RHX) dating, the activation energy of the rehydroxylation reaction is required first in the estimate of a material's effective lifetime temperature (ELT), and second to correct the RHX rate constant obtained at a given measurement temperature to that at the ELT. Measurement of the activation energy is thus integral to the RHX methodology. In this paper, we report a temperature-step method for the measurement of activation energy and develop fully the underlying theoretical basis. In contrast to obtaining the activation energy from a series of separate experiments (each of which requires the sample to be dehydroxylated prior to measuring the RHX rate constant), the temperature-step method not only requires a single dehydroxylation at 500°C but also eliminates repeated acquisition of Stage I data, which are not required for dating purposes. Since the first temperature step is set to correspond to the temperature at which a dating determination is carried out, the measurement of rate constants at higher temperatures simply becomes an extension of dating. Consequently, the logistics of obtaining the activation energy of rehydroxylation are greatly simplified.

The area which today covers the Doric House, the Roman East Bath and the Byzantine East Church at the Karian sanctuary of Zeus at Labraunda in south-western Turkey, was by Swedish archaeologists called the P-building and the R-bath during the early 1950s. The excavations of this area in 1951 and 1953 were documented in three excavation diaries by archaeologist Inge Dahlén, written in Swedish. These diaries have, however, never been published. This thesis therefore focused to analyse Dahlén’s three excavation diaries in terms of three aspects. The first aspect was to understand the archaeological work and documentation methods at Labraunda during the 1951 and 1953 excavations and consequently, determine how the archaeology functioned in practice at the site in the early 1950s. The second aspect was to present in what ways Dahlén’s diaries could contribute to the current and future excavations at the East Bath at Labraunda. The last aspect was to study Dahlén’s own archaeological interpretations which occured in the diaries. In order to present all the three aspects, the analysis and discussion on the diaries were organised into four headings: archaeological work, archaeological finds, stratigraphy and documentation methods. Studying the diaries based on these headings showed that certain improvements occurred in the diaries from 1951 to 1953. Dahlén’s excavation diaries reveal a large amount of archaeological data regarding the progress of the excavations and the numerous discoveries from the excavated areas. They need, therefore, to be taken into consideration for a better understanding of both the early and the new excavations that are being conducted at the same area.

O objetivo desta tese é analisar a relação entre saberes locais e arqueológicos na construção do conhecimento sobre o passado, usando da metodologia etnográfica, e com base nos conceitos de arqueologia pública e patrimônio arqueológico. Como estudo de caso, escolhi o sítio arqueológico \"Charqueada Santa Bárbara\", fragmento de uma antiga estancia de produção de charque (carne seca) de mesmo nome, em Pelotas/RS. Com isso, minha pesquisa esteve associada ao projeto O Pampa Negro: Arqueologia da escravidão na região meridional do Rio Grande do Sul (1780-1888), coordenado por Lucio Menezes Ferreira. Como ferramentas de análise, tomei como guia cinco conceitos específicos: representação social, memória, paisagem, narrativa e agência. Como resultado, defendo três pontos essenciais. Primeiro, que a arqueologia pública não se deixe fagocitar pelas estratégias de mercado, e permaneça como um veio da disciplina preocupado com produção de conhecimento crítico sobre o passado, e com uma postura engajada no presente. Segundo, que patrimônio é uma categoria Estatal de gestão do espaço e memória social. Como tal, ela não é análoga à relações de afeto desenvolvidas entre pessoas e coisas. Mas concede à arqueologia um poder, mesmo que pequeno, sobre as condições sociais e histórias que serão representadas no patrimônio arqueológico, e devemos usar esse poder pelo viés da arqueologia pública como defendo. Por fim, em consonância com os demais resultados, busquei produzir uma narrativa de história recente sobre os moradores que ainda vivem sobre o sítio arqueológico. Para isso, analisei suas materialidades cotidianas, que se mostraram mais representativas de suas histórias, e também de histórias mais críticas sobre o passado de Pelotas. Entre tantos temas identificados pela etnografia, escolhi falar sobre história das mulheres na Chácara. / The aim of this thesis is to analyze the relationship between local and archaeological expertise in the construction of knowledge about the past, using an ethnographic method, and based on the concepts of public archeology and archaeological heritage. As a case study, I chose the archaeological site of \"Charqueada Santa Bárbara\", a fragment of an old plantation of charque production (jerked beaf) of the same name, in Pelotas/RS/Brazil. My research was associated to the project The Pampa Negro: Archeology of slavery in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul (1780-1888), coordinated by Lucio Menezes Ferreira. Among so many themes identified by ethnography, I chose to talk about the history of women in Chácara Santa Bárbara. As tools of analysis, I followed the path of five particular concepts: social representation, memory, landscape, narrative, and agency. As a result, I advocate three essential points. First, public archeology must remain a branch of discipline concerned with producing critical knowledge about the past and an engaged political stance in the present while disallowing itself to be absorbed by marketing strategies. Second, heritage is a State category for space and social memory management. As such, it is not analogous to the affective relations developed between persons and things. Nonetheless, it gives archeology the power to help define social conditions and stories that will be represented in the archaeological heritage, and we must use that power to show critical and socially responsible versions of the past. Finally, according to these premises, I tried to produce a recent historical narrative about the residents who still live at Charqueada Santa Bárbara. For that, I analyzed their daily material culture, which were more representative of their life stories, and of more critical pictures of Pelotas\' past.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2018-11-07T18:56:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VENUSIA CELE FERRAZ PINHEIRO.pdf: 21559742 bytes, checksum: 3a42bdd54d2077f98b0c5cf6f4f33d83 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-07T18:56:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VENUSIA CELE FERRAZ PINHEIRO.pdf: 21559742 bytes, checksum: 3a42bdd54d2077f98b0c5cf6f4f33d83 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-15 / The "Archaeological Patrimony and Heritage Education" was this work's subject, that aimed to analyze the understanding of the educative actions developed at the "Archaeological Rescue of the Vale dos Sonhos Site Project, Goiânia - GO" made between 2001 and 2003 at Vale dos Sonhos Condominium Area by experts from Universidade Católica de Goiás. Mainly intending to exam the public comprehension - people who participated of the mentioned actions - about the cultural and archeaological heritage placed in that region, and also reflect on the valorization of this heritage by the local population, that was made interviews with twenty inhabitants of the Vale dos Sonhos Condominium Area, those people who activitly participated of the educational process. This is an exploratory and descriptive case study, whose research instruments were the semistructured interview and documentary analysis. The technique for studying the results was the speech graphic analysis. / O “Bem Arqueológico e a Educação Patrimonial no Vale dos Sonhos” foi o tema do presente trabalho, o qual objetivou analisar o alcance das ações educativas desenvolvidas no “Projeto de Resgate Arqueológico do Sítio Vale dos Sonhos, Goiânia-GO” que foram realizadas entre 2001 e 2003 no Residencial Vale dos Sonhos por especialistas da Universidade Católica de Goiás. Com o principal propósito de examinar a compreensão do público – participante das referidas ações – acerca do patrimônio cultural arqueológico situado naquele local, bem como refletir sobre a valorização atribuída ao mesmo por tal população, foram realizadas entrevistas com vinte moradores do Residencial Vale dos Sonhos que participaram de forma efetiva dessas ações. Este é um estudo de caso de caráter exploratório e descritivo, cujos instrumentos de pesquisa foram a entrevista semiestruturada e a análise documental. A técnica para investigar os resultados foi a análise gráfica do discurso.

This project represents the comprehensive study of architectural duties on an archaeological excavation known as the Archaeological Exploration of Sardis. This project is meant to serve as an overview of the duties and expectations of an architectural staff member for recruitment and enrichment purposes. The project is divided into 5 main categories: The Sardis Architecture Manual, recruitment lecture transcript, an exhibit of Ball State University staff and student work pertaining to the excavation, an analysis of the future of architectural recording at Sardis, and process work done in the completion of the project.In the future, the Archaeological Exploration of Sardis may not have the necessary Senior Architects to train the new Student Architects from Ball State University. It is hoped that this project will allow new Architect staff members to properly perform the duties pertaining to an archaeological excavation with a minimum of training from senior members. / Department of Architecture

The current state of degradation of most archaeological collections has compromised the research and protection of this heritage. To respond to these problems, some initiatives that seek to modify the current practices of preservation of archaeological collections are emerging, as the fieldwork in the Charqueada Santa Barbara archaeological site ( Pelotas, RS, Brazil ), linked to the research project Pampa Negro: Arqueologia da Escravidão na Região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul (1780-1888), which has brought together a multidisciplinary team to talk about the praxis of each area and to think of appropriate solutions for the better management and protection of archaeological collections. In the context of the conservation, protocols for preventive and curative intervention of different types of materials were developed and tested in field and laboratory. Among the types of material recovered in the excavation, metal objects, especially iron, are those most susceptible to deterioration due to the process of recovery and to the speed at which the corrosive processes occur as well as the complexity of the products resulting from these. In this context, the aim of this study was to analyze, from a study of the interface between conservation and archeology, how the conservation procedures performed in the field and laboratory in the ferrous artifacts contributed to the preservation of archaeological collections. It was expected to verify which interventions enable a better conservation of archaeological origin and of the associated information material culture, and disseminate the need for greater integration between the experts related to the safeguard of the archaeological heritage areas. It was concluded that conservation practices directly assist in the preservation of archaeological collections in its material, documentary and symbolic aspects. Therefore, the conservator has become more of a manager of these collections, in a performance that, increasingly, is turning into an agent crucial to the management of the archaeological heritage. / O estado atual de degradação de grande parte dos acervos arqueológicos tem comprometido as pesquisas e a salvaguarda destes bens. Destas problemáticas vêm surgindo iniciativas que buscam a modificação das práticas atuais de preservação dos acervos arqueológicos, como o trabalho de campo do sítio Charqueada Santa Bárbara (Pelotas, RS, Brasil), vinculado ao projeto O Pampa Negro: Arqueologia da Escravidão na Região Meridional do Rio Grande do Sul (1780-1888), que reuniu uma equipe multidisciplinar a fim de dialogar a respeito da práxis de cada área e pensar de forma conjunta soluções adequadas para um melhor gerenciamento e salvaguarda dos acervos arqueológicos. No âmbito da conservação, foram elaborados e testados em campo e em laboratório protocolos de intervenção preventiva e curativa para distintos materiais. Dentre os materiais recuperados na escavação, os objetos metálicos, em especial os de ferro, estão entre aqueles mais suscetíveis à deterioração decorrente deste processo, em função da velocidade em que ocorrem os processos corrosivos e da complexidade destes. Neste contexto, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi analisar, a partir de um estudo da interface entre Conservação e Arqueologia, de que forma os procedimentos de conservação realizados em campo e em laboratório nos artefatos em ferro contribuíram para a preservação dos acervos arqueológicos. Almejou-se verificar as intervenções que possibilitam a melhor conservação da cultura material de origem arqueológica e da informação associada, e difundir a necessidade de uma maior integração entre os especialistas das áreas relacionadas à salvaguarda do patrimônio arqueológico. Concluiu-se que as práticas de conservação auxiliam diretamente na preservação dos acervos arqueológicos, em suas instâncias material, documental e simbólica. O conservador vem se configurando, portanto, como mais um gestor destes bens, em uma atuação que, cada vez mais, se torna indispensável ao gerenciamento do patrimônio arqueológico.

O objetivo desta tese é analisar a relação entre saberes locais e arqueológicos na construção do conhecimento sobre o passado, usando da metodologia etnográfica, e com base nos conceitos de arqueologia pública e patrimônio arqueológico. Como estudo de caso, escolhi o sítio arqueológico \"Charqueada Santa Bárbara\", fragmento de uma antiga estancia de produção de charque (carne seca) de mesmo nome, em Pelotas/RS. Com isso, minha pesquisa esteve associada ao projeto O Pampa Negro: Arqueologia da escravidão na região meridional do Rio Grande do Sul (1780-1888), coordenado por Lucio Menezes Ferreira. Como ferramentas de análise, tomei como guia cinco conceitos específicos: representação social, memória, paisagem, narrativa e agência. Como resultado, defendo três pontos essenciais. Primeiro, que a arqueologia pública não se deixe fagocitar pelas estratégias de mercado, e permaneça como um veio da disciplina preocupado com produção de conhecimento crítico sobre o passado, e com uma postura engajada no presente. Segundo, que patrimônio é uma categoria Estatal de gestão do espaço e memória social. Como tal, ela não é análoga à relações de afeto desenvolvidas entre pessoas e coisas. Mas concede à arqueologia um poder, mesmo que pequeno, sobre as condições sociais e histórias que serão representadas no patrimônio arqueológico, e devemos usar esse poder pelo viés da arqueologia pública como defendo. Por fim, em consonância com os demais resultados, busquei produzir uma narrativa de história recente sobre os moradores que ainda vivem sobre o sítio arqueológico. Para isso, analisei suas materialidades cotidianas, que se mostraram mais representativas de suas histórias, e também de histórias mais críticas sobre o passado de Pelotas. Entre tantos temas identificados pela etnografia, escolhi falar sobre história das mulheres na Chácara. / The aim of this thesis is to analyze the relationship between local and archaeological expertise in the construction of knowledge about the past, using an ethnographic method, and based on the concepts of public archeology and archaeological heritage. As a case study, I chose the archaeological site of \"Charqueada Santa Bárbara\", a fragment of an old plantation of charque production (jerked beaf) of the same name, in Pelotas/RS/Brazil. My research was associated to the project The Pampa Negro: Archeology of slavery in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul (1780-1888), coordinated by Lucio Menezes Ferreira. Among so many themes identified by ethnography, I chose to talk about the history of women in Chácara Santa Bárbara. As tools of analysis, I followed the path of five particular concepts: social representation, memory, landscape, narrative, and agency. As a result, I advocate three essential points. First, public archeology must remain a branch of discipline concerned with producing critical knowledge about the past and an engaged political stance in the present while disallowing itself to be absorbed by marketing strategies. Second, heritage is a State category for space and social memory management. As such, it is not analogous to the affective relations developed between persons and things. Nonetheless, it gives archeology the power to help define social conditions and stories that will be represented in the archaeological heritage, and we must use that power to show critical and socially responsible versions of the past. Finally, according to these premises, I tried to produce a recent historical narrative about the residents who still live at Charqueada Santa Bárbara. For that, I analyzed their daily material culture, which were more representative of their life stories, and of more critical pictures of Pelotas\' past.

South Africa contains many archaeological resources including shell middens from the Middle Stone Age (MSA) and Later Stone Age (LSA). These shell middens give researchers insight into the behaviour of modern humans where the first fossil evidence appears in Africa around 200 000 years ago (Klein, 2008). Research into shell middens is therefore vital to understand the origin of human kind. This study investigates whether Geographical Information Systems (GIS) is a useful tool for predicting locations of unknown shell midden sites using the characteristics of known areas of modern human habitation. This was done using suitability analysis and expert mapping techniques. Ground truthing of the results of the desktop analysis revealed that GIS is not a useful tool for predicting sites of modern habitation as the characteristics that determine human habitation are too variable.