Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, 2018. / Submitted by Fabiana Santos (fabianacamargo@bce.unb.br) on 2018-08-24T21:34:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2018_LetíciaLopesQuirinoPantoja.pdf: 1387261 bytes, checksum: 1b6a51a66341b0dcfcfdfc4f418136da (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana (raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2018-08-30T18:34:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2018_LetíciaLopesQuirinoPantoja.pdf: 1387261 bytes, checksum: 1b6a51a66341b0dcfcfdfc4f418136da (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-30T18:34:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2018_LetíciaLopesQuirinoPantoja.pdf: 1387261 bytes, checksum: 1b6a51a66341b0dcfcfdfc4f418136da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). / A doença articular degenerativa (DAD) é caracterizada por degeneração de tecidos duros e moles em torno de uma articulação levando à dor e alterações funcionais. A DAD da articulação temporomandibular (ATM) pode ser uma condição local ou ser secundária a uma doença sistêmica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a evidência científica disponível sobre a prevalência da DAD da ATM por meio da revisão sistemática. Para isso, foram selecionados estudos que relatam dados de prevalência sobre DAD da ATM. A DAD foi avaliada utilizando diagnóstico clínico e por imagens. Uma estratégia de busca foi desenvolvida para os bancos de dados (LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed, Science Direct, SCOPUS, Web of Science), bem como pesquisa adicional na literatura cinzenta. O risco de viés dos estudos individuais foi avaliado por meio do Joana Briggs Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. Uma metanálise de proporção combinando os dados de prevalência foi realizada usando o MedCalc Statistical Software. Como resultado, de 1082 estudos, 32 foram incluídos e agrupados em dois grupos: o primeiro com estudos que relataram a prevalência de DAD da ATM secundária a doenças sistêmicas, como artrite idiopática juvenil (AIJ) e artrite reumatóide (AR); e o segundo grupo com estudos que relataram a prevalência de DAD em pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular (DTM). A prevalência de DAD em pacientes com AIJ foi de 66,7% (IC: 54,31-78,01; n=292) e em pacientes com AR foi de 78,85% (CI: 61,63-91,94; n=140). Entre os pacientes com DTM, a prevalência de DAD foi de 62,77% dos pacientes (IC: 33,6-87,6; n=1472) ou de 44,23% das articulações (IC: 31,48-57,4; n=2199). Esta revisão sistemática mostrou uma alta prevalência de DAD em pacientes com doença reumática sistêmica e uma ocorrência menos prevalente, mas ainda alta, em pacientes com DTM sem envolvimento sistêmico. / Degenerative joint disease (DJD) is characterized by degeneration of hard and soft tissues around a joint leading to pain functional disability. DJD of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) may be a local condition or part of a systemic disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the available scientific evidence about the prevalence of DJD of the TMJ through a systematic review. A search on electronic databases and grey literature from their inception to January 2018 was performed. Studies reporting prevalence data of DJD of the TMJ were included. DJD was assessed through clinical and imaging diagnosis. Studies risk of bias was evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. A proportion meta-analysis was conducted using the MedCalc Statistical Software. From 1082 studies, 32 were identified, and the sample size included 3435 subjects. They were clustered into two groups: the first comprised studies that reported prevalence of DJD in TMJ secondary to rheumatic systemic diseases such as Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) and Reumathoid Arthritis (RA); and the second group comprised studies that reported prevalence of DJD on Temporomandibular disorders patients. The overall prevalence of DJD on JIA patients was 66.7% (CI: 54.31-78.01; n=292) and on RA patients was 78.85% (CI: 61.64-91.94; n=140). Among TMD patients, the prevalence of DJD reported by patients was 62.77% (CI: 33.6-87.6; n=1472) and reported by joints was 44.23% (CI: 31.48-57.4; n=2199). This review attempts to high prevalence of DJD in patients with systemic rheumatic disease and a less prevalent, but still high, occurrence in patients with TMD without systemic involvement.

Orientador : Laurecir Gomes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-28T09:38:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigues_EdsonDelgado_D.pdf: 13735157 bytes, checksum: bc1b213b05a7f7ae4652d0bc93a4d39a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: A matriz extracelular é essencial para o desenvolvimento do organismo, desempenhando diferentes funções. Nas cartilagens das articulações, a composição da matriz determina uma estrutura com propriedades elásticas e de suporte mecânico que facilita os movimentos. O papel fisiológico da cartilagem depende da integridade dessa matriz, formada em geral por fibras de colágeno, principalmente do tipo 11, proteoglicanos e glicoproteínas não colagênicas. Variações na concentração dos componentes e no tipo de constituição conferem propriedades biomecânicas especiais ao tecido. A análise bioquímica destes componentes tem sido descrita, especialmente em mamíferos, porém pouco se sabe dessa matriz na cartilagem de aves. Os proteoglicanos são importantes para a fisiologia do tecido, e a sua expressão pode variar sob a influência de diferentes fatores. Pequenos proteoglicanos, como fibromodulim e decorim, estão distribuídos de maneira diversa nas sub-regiões articulares, sugerindo uma relação entre a expressão dessas moléculas e as diferentes propriedades biomecânicas do tecido resultantes das forças em ação. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como finalidade fazer a análise bioquímica da matriz extracelular de cartilagens das articulações escapulo-umeral, úmero-ulnar e úmero-radial de frangos, visando analisar pequenos proteoglicanos e identificar os tipos de glicosaminoglicanos presentes em cada região. As cartilagens provenientes do úmero proximal, úmero distal em contato com o rádio e úmero distal em contato com a ulna apresentaram maior conteúdo de ácido hexurônico e glicosaminoglicanos sulfatados quando comparados com as cartilagens oriundas da ulna proximal e rádio proximal. Variações significativas na concentração de proteína, ácido urônico e glicosaminoglicanos sulfatados foram obtidas no extrato total e na fração 04 de cada região. O glicosaminoglicano encontrado nas cartilagens estudadas foi o condroitim sulfato, com predominância de resíduos de ácido a-L-glicurônico e N-acetil _-O-galactosamina 4-0-sulfatados com uma relação de três _Oi-4S para cada _Oi-6S em todas as regiões, com exceção da cartilagem da região proximal do rádio, onde a razão foi de 2,5. As amostras obtidas, após cromatografias de troca iônica e interação hidrofóbica das frações D4, apresentaram um perfil eletroforético semelhante em SDS-PAGE. Na ausência de _-mercaptoetanol ocorrem duas bandas de 160 e 200 kDa que após tratamento com _-mercaptoetanol ficam tênues e ocorre o aparecimento de uma banda com 57 kDa. Esse fenômeno pode representar interação com outros elementos de matriz ou mesmo auto-agregação. Duas moléculas parcialmente isoladas reagiram com anticorpos anti-fibromodulim e anti-decorim em immunoblotting, sugerindo uma correspondência com fibromodulim e decorim. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho podem corresponder à fisiologia normal de tecidos sob diferentes condições de pressão mecânica. Esses resultados podem ser representativos para as condições que esses animais se encontravam, porém diferentes variações podem ocorrer quando essas cartilagens forem analisadas em diferentes idades, condições de criação, genótipo, etc / Abstract: The extracellular matrix is present in every tissue, but it is specially abundant in tendons and cartilages. In articular cartilages, the composition of the matrix determines a structure with elastic and structural properties that facilitate the movements. The physiological role of cartilage depends on the integrity of the matrix, made mainly by type 11 collagen fibers, proteoglycans and non collagen glycoproteins. Variations in the concentration and types of components may result in special biomechanical properties to the tissue. The biochemical analysis of extracellular matrix components has been carried out in several species, but it is scarce in avian. Proteoglycans are important for the tissue physiology and its expression may vary under the influence of different factors. Small proteoglycans, as the fibromodulin and decorin, are differentially distributed in the articular cartilage sub-regions, suggesting a relation among the expression of those molecules and the presence of different biomechanical properties of the tissue. According to that, this work was focused on the biochemical analysis of the extracellular matrix articular cartilages from scapular-humerus, ulnar-humerus and radial-humerus articulations of chicken, aiming to analyze small proteoglycans and identify the type of glycosaminoglycans present in each cartilage. The cartilages obtained from proximal humerus, distal humerus in contact with the radius and distal humerus in contact with the ulna, presented higher content of uronic acid and sulfated glycosaminoglycans, when compared with cartilages obtained from proximal ulna and proximal radius. Significant variations in the concentration of protein, uronic acid and sulfated glycosaminoglycan were obtained from the total extract and in the 04 fraction of each region. The glycosaminoglycan found in the different cartilages was condroitin sulfate, with a predominance of a-L-glucuronic acid and N-acetil _-O-galactosamine 4-0-sulfated residues with a relation of three LlOi-4S for each LlOi -6S in ali regions, with the exception of cartilage from the radium proximal region, where the relation was of 2.5. Samples obtained afier ion exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatographies from 04 fraction presented the same electrophoretic profile in SDS-PAGE. In the absence of _mercaptoethanol two components of 160 and 200 kDa were detected, which afier treatment with _-mercaptoethanol appear as a faint band; a polypeptide with 57 kDa was also present in reducing conditions. If the 57 kDa component arose from a oligomeric component or from some autoaggregation process remains to be studied. Immunoassays using anti-fibromodulin and anti-decorin, indicated that the components with 57 kDa and 70-90 kDa found in matrix of each joint analyzed are the small proteoglycans fibromodulin and decorin. Despite the different sites and functional properties of the different cartilages, no differences were found in the composition of the extracellular matrix of each one / Doutorado / Biologia Celular / Doutor em Biologia Celular e Estrutural

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T18:29:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo8002_1.pdf: 655863 bytes, checksum: 5a052230914ceda4016ea7661120c5e3 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Apesar da denominação francesa Reumatismo articular agudo enfatizar o envolvimento articular, é no acometimento cardíaco que residem as maiores morbimortalidades da doença reumática. Única manifestação da doença que pode ser fatal na fase aguda e produzir seqüelas permanentes, a cardite reumática permanece bastante prevalente nos países economicamente menos favorecidos. Para o diagnóstico clínico do envolvimento cardíaco na doença reumática aguda permanece de valor o eletrocardiograma. São muitos os achados eletrocardiográficos no decorrer da doença, porém, nem sempre fornecem subsídios para o reconhecimento do componente cardíaco. Compreende-se então, o interesse em buscar novos dados ao Eletrocardiograma mais sensíveis e específicos da doença. A dispersão do intervalo QT, provável medida da pouca homogeneidade da repolarização ventricular, definida como a diferença entre o maior e o menor intervalo QT nas doze derivações, tem sido motivo de pesquisa em vários estudos. O aumento da dispersão do intervalo QT parece ter significado prognóstico importante, mostrando-se preditor independente de mortalidade em pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio e com insuficiência cardíaca. Até a presente data, não parece haver estudos que correlacionem a Dispersão do QT com a presença de cardite reumática. No Brasil, especialmente nas regiões mais carentes, a doença reumática ainda constitui problema de Saúde Pública, de maneira que é válida a pesquisa de novos índices diagnósticos, de gravidade e do prognóstico da doença. Neste estudo, comparou-se características eletrocardiográficas, particularmente a dispersão do QT em pacientes com e sem cardite reumática em pacientes internados em primeiro acometimento cardíaco internados no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco e no Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco. Foram avaliadas 66 crianças, metade com cardite, no período de Julho a dezembro de 2003. As crianças com cardite preencheram os critérios de inclusão no estudo: afecção aguda da doença reumática, através dos critérios de Jones e em primeiro surto de cardite. O eletrocardiograma foi realizado no primeiro dia de internamento hospitalar. Foram excluídas as crianças com uso de medicações e com distúrbios metabólicos que pudessem alterar a dispersão do intervalo QT. No grupo de comparação, crianças portadoras de quaisquer cardiopatias também foram excluídas. A idade média e a distribuição segundo o sexo foi similar nos dois grupos de estudos. A valvulopatia mais encontrada nas crianças com cardite foi a insuficiência mitral isolada e quase metade se encontrava em insuficiência cardíaca. Quanto à gravidade, como os hospitais participantes da pesquisa são centros de referência, 66,7% foram agrupadas em moderadas ou graves. Mesmo com valores de QTc significativamente maiores do que no grupo de comparação (p<0,01), a normalidade do QTc foi encontrada em 84,8% dos pacientes com cardite. A dispersão do intervalo QT foi significativamente maior no grupo com cardite do que no grupo de comparação (p<0,0001). Quando se tentou correlacionar os valores de dispersão do intervalo QT com as variáveis: índice cardiotorácico, gravidade de cardite, tipo de valvulopatia encontrada e QTc, não houve significância estatística. De acordo com os resultados, a dispersão do intervalo QT parece ter alta especificidade e valor preditivo positivo para predizer a presença de cardite. Estudos prospectivos e controlados, com maior casuística são necessários para confirmar estes achados

Studies have investigated and dismissed the effect of freeze-thaw cycles on both skeletal muscle and on trabecular bone, but have failed to properly address the effects of these storage methods on the integrity of articular cartilage. Preventing cartilage injury is important in minimizing the long term debilitating effects of osteoarthritis. Accurate subfracture injury prediction must take into account the possible effects that freeze thaw cycles may have on the mechanical properties of cartilage tissue. This paper addresses this concern with matched pair testing of various low temperature storage techniques against fresh control groups. Controlled mechanical indention tests were performed on bovine articular cartilage-on-bone specimens to compare stiffness, peak stress, and loading energy of the cartilage. Findings showed that a slow freeze thaw or flash freeze cycle caused cartilage stiffness to decrease by 37% and 31% respectively. Compressive stress at this strain was also lowered by 31% with a single freezing process. These results may be indicative of a weakened extracellular matrix structure caused by the freeze-thaw process. It is still unclear whether these changes in mechanical properties will result in a change in injury susceptibility for articular cartilage. / Master of Science

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by Linda, Fu Lap Kun. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-128). / ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.i / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.ii / ABSTRACT --- p.xii / Chapter CHAPTER ONE: --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO : --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.6 / Chapter 2.1 --- BIOLOGY OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Normal cartilage --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.1.1 --- Composition and properties --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1.1.2 --- Morphology of normal cartilage --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Degeneration of cartilage --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1.2.1 --- Morphology of degenerative cartilage --- p.12 / Chapter 2.1.2.2 --- Biochemical characteristics of degenerative cartilage --- p.13 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Healing of degenerated articular cartilage --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2 --- METHODS TO CREATE OSTEOARTHRITIS MODEL --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Immobilization --- p.16 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Instability method --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3 --- SCORING OF OSTEOARTHRITIS --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Gross morphology --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3.1.1 --- Mapping of OA area --- p.17 / Chapter 2.3.1.2 --- Amount of synovial fluid --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3.1.3 --- Mobility --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Histological scoring --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Biochemical comparison --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3.3.1 --- Water content --- p.21 / Chapter 2.3.3.2 --- Proteoglycan --- p.21 / Chapter 2.4 --- THE TREATMENT OF OSTEOARTHRITIS --- p.23 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Biology of Hyaluronic acid --- p.24 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Repairing properties of Hyaluronic acid in OA --- p.24 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- The pharmacology of Hyalgan --- p.26 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Intraarticular injection of Hyaluronic acid in animals --- p.26 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE: --- CREATING OSTEOARTHRITIC MODEL --- p.28 / Chapter 3.1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2 --- MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Animals --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Instabilization --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.2.1 --- Reagent and Apparatus --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.2.2 --- Procedure --- p.32 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Immobilization --- p.36 / Chapter 3.2.3.1 --- Reagent and Apparatus --- p.36 / Chapter 3.2.3.2 --- Procedure --- p.37 / Chapter 3.3 --- METHODS OF ASSESSMENT --- p.39 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Gross structure comparison --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.1.1 --- Gross mapping of the OA areas --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Histochemical scoring --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.2.1 --- Procedure --- p.40 / Chapter 3.3.2.1.1 --- Hematoxylin & eosin stain --- p.45 / Chapter 3.3.2.1.2 --- Safranin O stain --- p.45 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Biochemical assessment --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3.3.1 --- Water content --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3.3.2 --- Proteoglycan content --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.3.2.1 --- Reagent --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.3.2.2 --- Procedure --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.3.2.3 --- Standard curve --- p.52 / Chapter 3.4 --- METHODS OF STATISTICAL ANALYSIS --- p.53 / Chapter 3.5 --- RESULTS --- p.54 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Gross morphology --- p.54 / Chapter 3.5.1.1 --- General appearance --- p.54 / Chapter 3.5.1.2 --- Gross osteoarthritic area --- p.56 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Histological results --- p.59 / Chapter 3.5.2.1 --- Histological appearance --- p.59 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Results of biochemical assay --- p.66 / Chapter 3.3.3.1 --- Water content --- p.66 / Chapter 3.5.3.2 --- Proteoglycan --- p.69 / Chapter 3.6 --- DISCUSSION --- p.72 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Relation between gross OA area & Mankin's score --- p.72 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Relation between gross OA area & GAG content --- p.74 / Chapter 3.6.3 --- Relation between Mankin's score & water content --- p.76 / Chapter 3.6.4 --- Relation between Mankin's score & GAG content --- p.78 / Chapter 3.6.5 --- Comparison of the four different parameters --- p.79 / Chapter 3.6.6 --- Merit on the four parameters --- p.84 / Chapter 3.6.6 --- Consistency & reproducible of the OA model --- p.85 / Chapter 3.6.7 --- Moderately severe OA model was needed in Part II --- p.86 / Chapter 3.7 --- CONCLUSION --- p.86 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR: --- HEALING OF CARTILAGE --- p.87 / Chapter 4.1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.88 / Chapter 4.2 --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.89 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Establishing the osteoarthritis --- p.89 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Treatment of the rabbits --- p.90 / Chapter 4.2.2.1 --- Reagent and Apparatus --- p.90 / Chapter 4.2.2.2 --- Procedure --- p.91 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Methods of assessment --- p.92 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Methods of statistical analysis --- p.92 / Chapter 4.3 --- RESULTS --- p.93 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Gross OA area --- p.94 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Mankin's score --- p.97 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Water content --- p.99 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Proteoglycan . . --- p.101 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Results of Part I and Part II --- p.103 / Chapter 4.4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.107 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Morphological comparison --- p.107 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Biochemical comparison --- p.110 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Comparison of the results in two parts of experiment --- p.111 / Chapter 4.5 --- CONCLUSION --- p.113 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.114 / APPENDIX --- p.129

Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 19, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Thesis advisor: Drs. Sheila Grant and James Cook. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alberta, 2010. / A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery. Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on February 17, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.

Long-term applicability of current surgical interventions for the repair of articular cartilage is jeopardized by the formation of mechanically inferior repair tissue. Cartilage tissue engineering offers the possibility of developing functional repair tissue, similar to that of native cartilage, enabling long-lasting repair of cartilage defects. Current techniques, however, rely on the need for a large number of cells, requiring substantial harvesting of donor tissue or a separate cell expansion phase. As routine cell expansion methods tend to elicit negative effects on cell function, the following study describes an approach to generate large-sized engineered cartilage constructs (≥ 3 cm2) directly from a small number of immature rabbit chondrocytes (approximately 20,000), without the use of a scaffold. After characterizing the hyaline-like engineered constructs, the in vivo repair capacity was assessed in a chondral defect model in the patellar groove of rabbits. In vitro remodeling of the constructs developed in the bioreactor occurred as early as 3 weeks, with the histological staining exhibiting zonal differences throughout the depth of the tissue. With culturing parameters optimized (3 weeks growth under 15 mM NaHCO3), constructs were grown and implanted into critical-sized 4 mm chondral defects. Assessed after 1, 3 and 6 months (n=6), implants were scored macroscopically to evaluate integration and survival of the implants. Out of 18 rabbits, 16 received normal or nearly normal over-all repair assessment. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluation showed good integration with surrounding cartilage and underlying subchondral bone. Architectural remodeling of the constructs was present at each time point, with the presence of flattened chondrocytes at the implant surface and columnar arrangement of chondrocytes in deeper zones. The observation of in vivo remodeling was also supported by the changes in biochemical composition of the constructs. At each time point, constructs had a collagen to proteoglycan ratio similar to that of native cartilage (3:1 collagen to proteoglycan). In contrast, the repair tissue for each control group was inferior to that produced with treated defects. These initial results hold promise for the generation of engineered articular cartilage for the clinical repair of cartilage defects without the limitations of current surgical repair strategies. / Thesis (Master, Chemical Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2012-01-31 01:03:15.276

No description available.