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The Effect of Speaking Context on Articulatory Kinematics in Habitual and Clear SpeechClarke, Lauren Elizabeth 11 August 2023 (has links) (PDF)
This study examined the effect of speaking contexts on articulatory kinematics in habitual and clear speech conditions. Ten male and 10 female participants (ages 18"“29) completed speaking tasks in three contexts and two conditions. The contexts were word, phrase, and passage, with both mid-sentence and end of-sentence stimuli in the phrase and passage contexts. The two conditions were habitual and clear speech. Participants had sensors attached to the mid-tongue, jaw, lower lip, and upper lip, and an electromagnetic articulograph tracked their movements. Three tokens for each stimulus were analyzed for duration, displacement, and velocity. Articulatory coordination was measured through absolute and percent jaw contribution, and displacement correlations. Statistical analysis revealed significant changes across both conditions and contexts. Generally, the articulator movements were larger for clear versus habitual speech and decreased progressively in size from word to phrase to passage. Duration significantly increased in the clear speech condition and decreased from word to phrase to passage, which likely underlies the changes seen in the other measures. Percent jaw contribution to lower lip movement was significantly higher in the clear speech condition, percent jaw contribution to tongue movement was significantly higher for the passage compared to the other contexts, and jaw and lower lip correlations with the tongue were higher in the clear condition and lower in the passage context. Incidental rate variation and motor equivalence across speakers limit the degree to which we can interpret these results in terms of articulatory coordination. Overall, this study demonstrates significant changes in speech kinematics across contexts in both clear and habitual conditions, indicating that researchers should exercise caution when generalizing findings from studies using short, contrived stimuli.
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A Study of the Effects of Articulation Problems on College Achievement, Length of College Career, and Extracurricular ActivitiesStafford, Lois January 1960 (has links)
No description available.
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A Study of the Effects of Articulation Problems on College Achievement, Length of College Career, and Extracurricular ActivitiesStafford, Lois January 1960 (has links)
No description available.
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A Study of Materials and Resource Books for Use in Articulation TherapyLee, Joan January 1962 (has links)
No description available.
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Articulation between vocational and technical education programs governed by the Ohio Board of Regents and those programs governed by the Ohio Board of Education /Hopkins, Stanley Edward January 1984 (has links)
No description available.
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Curriculum articulation problems of business administration majors in the public colleges of Georgia /Perritt, Roscoe D. January 1966 (has links)
No description available.
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Exploring the Effects of Delayed Auditory Feedback on Speech Kinematics: A Comparative Analysis of Monologue Speech and Tongue TwistersPersons, Abbey Corinne 25 July 2024 (has links) (PDF)
This study investigated the effects of delayed auditory feedback (DAF) on speech kinematics during tongue twisters and monologues. Participants were 20 adults (10 men, 10 women) aged 18-29 with typical speech and hearing abilities. A smartphone app provided DAF latencies of 50 ms, 100 ms, and 150 ms. Kinematic measures were made of peak speed, stroke distance, and hull area for the tongue front, jaw, and lower lip under typical and the three DAF conditions. Results indicated that DAF significantly reduced peak speed and stroke distance for all articulators during tongue twisters (p < .01), with the effect magnitude increasing with longer delays. No significant DAF effects were observed in monologues (p > .05). Sex differences were noted, with women showing higher speeds and longer stroke distances across both tasks (p < .05). These findings suggest that DAF disrupts motor performance, particularly in structured tasks, and that sex differences are present in speech kinematics. Future research could explore the perceptual impacts of DAF and the cognitive load associated with speech under altered feedback conditions.
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Traduction et adaptation culturelle du questionnaire "Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia for Temporomandibular Disorders (TSK-TMD)"Badri, Oualid 10 February 2024 (has links)
Il y a de plus en plus d’évidences indiquant que la peur du mouvement, qu’on appelle aussi la kinésiophobie, joue un rôle clé dans le développement et la persistance des douleurs chroniques. La question de son implication dans les désordres temporo-mandibulaires (DTM) chroniques a fait l’objet de plusieurs études. Son rôle prédictif serait supérieur à d’autres facteurs tels que l’intensité de la douleur. L’outil le plus largement utilisé pour en faire la mesure est le Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia for Temporomandibular Disorders (TSK-TMD). L’objectif de l’étude est de faire une traduction, adaptation et validation du TSK-TMD à 18 items pour une population québécoise francophone. Ce travail a été fait en accord avec les recommandations du Guidelines for Establishing Cultural Equivalency of Instruments. Deux phases cliniques ainsi que 39 patients ont été nécessaires pour aboutir à ce travail. La première phase visait à traduire et adapter culturellement le questionnaire. La deuxième phase consistait à administrer le questionnaire à une population présentant des DTM chroniques. Les propriétés psychométriques du questionnaire ont été évaluées à l’aide d’un coefficient alpha de Cronbach, des coefficients de corrélation pour chaque item et d’un test de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Le coefficient alpha de Cronbach calculé est de 0,87, démontrant ainsi une bonne consistance interne. Sur l’ensemble des items, 16 ont obtenu un coefficient de corrélation favorable. Cependant, deux items ont présenté un coefficient de corrélation inférieur à 0,2, mettant en doute leur importance dans la puissance globale du questionnaire. Au test de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, les échantillons du test /retest suivent une loi de distribution similaire. Cela concorde avec de bonnes stabilité et fiabilité. Le questionnaire produit est donc prêt à être utilisé en clinique. Une version plus courte pourrait éventuellement être développée. / There is growing evidence that kinesiophobia, the fear of movement, plays a key role in the development of chronic pain. Its role in chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD) has been the subject of several studies. It may serve as a better predictor than other factors, such as pain levels. The most widely used tool to measure it is the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia for Temporomandibular Disorders (TSK-TMD). The study aims to translate, adapt and validate the 18-item TSK-TMD for French-speaking people in Quebec. The method followed the recommendations of the Guidelines for Establishing Cultural Equivalency of Instruments. It comprised two clinical phases. The first phase involved the translation and cultural adaptation of the questionnaire. The second phase consisted of administering the questionnaire to a sample of 39 patients with chronic TMD pain. We evaluated the questionnaire’s psychometric properties with the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, correlation coefficients for each item, and a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The results show a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0,87, which indicates good internal consistency. For sixteen out of eighteen items, the correlation coefficient is acceptable. However, for two items, the correlation coefficient is less than 0,2, calling into question their contribution to the questionnaire’s overall strength. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test shows that the test/retest with the translated version of the TSK-TMD follows a similar distribution pattern. It is consistent with good stability and reliability. The questionnaire produced is ready for clinical use. Nonetheless, developing a shorter version of the questionnaire could be useful.
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La pronuntiatio musicale : une interprétation rhétorique au service de Händel, Montéclair, C. P. E. Bach et Telemann / The Pronuntiatio in music : A Rhetorical Interpretation with Reference to Händel, Montéclair, C. P. E. Bach and TelemannPalacios Quiroz, Rafael 13 February 2012 (has links)
Cette thèse veut contribuer au débat sur l’interprétation historiquement informée : oubliant la question de la prononciation globale de l’oeuvre, l’IHI néglige la dimension rhétorique de l’interprétation musicale, et c’est cette lacune que nous prétendons combler. À partir d’une réflexion sur la théorie de la pronuntiatio rhétorique et en prenant appui sur les principes d’interprétation exposés dans une sélection de traités (C.P.E. Bach, Quantz, Mattheson, L.Mozart), notre réflexion nous amène à proposer ce que nous appelons l’Interprétation Rhétoriquement Informée. L’IRI est définie comme la pratique musicale qui assied ses décisions interprétatives sur des informations contenues dans le corpus des traités de rhétorique et d’art oratoire, des manuels de discours public et des méthodes d’interprétation instrumentale et vocale. La pronuntiatio est envisagée dans ses aspects auditifs et visuels (vox et corpus),ses quatre vertus (puritas, perspicuitas, ornatus et aptum), ainsi que leurs vices et licences respectifs. Notre intention est d’élaborer un ensemble de stratégies rhétoriques modulables par lesquelles l’analyse collabore à l'interprétation en termes de génération d’idées, d’enrichissement et de canalisation de l’imaginaire et d’inscription du geste et de l’énergie appropriés dans la restitution sonore. Cette théorie de la prononciation musicale est appliquée à quatre oeuvres (Händel, Montéclair, Telemann, C.P.E. Bach) : ces exemples de programmes d’interprétation nous permettent d’avancer que la musique de cette époque est par essence éloquente et que son interprétation ne peut le redevenir sans un retour à l’intelligence rhétorique et à ses principes de pronuntiatio. / The present dissertation aims to contribute to the debate on Historically Informed Performance: setting aside thequestion of a particular piece’s global pronunciation, HIP ignores the rhetorical dimension of musical interpretation,and it is this specific gap we would fill. Based on a reflection on the rhetorical pronuntiatio theory, and leaning on theprinciples of interpretation as exposed in several selected treaties (C.P.E. Bach, Quantz, Mattheson, L. Mozart), ourreflection leads us to propose what we call the Rhetorically Informed Performance. The RIP is defined as a musicalpractice that grounds its interpretative decisions on information contained in the corpus of rhetorical and oratorial artskill treaties, as well as in public-speaking manuals and methods of vocal and instrumental interpretation. Thepronuntiatio is considered in both its visual and auditory aspects (corpus and vox), its four virtues (puritas, perspicuitas,ornatus and aptum), and their respective vices and licenses. Our intention is to put together a group of adjustablerhetorical strategies enabling the analysis to contribute to the interpretation in terms of the generation of ideas, theenrichment and channeling of imagination, and the inscription of the appropriate movement and energy into thesonorous reproduction. This musical pronunciation theory is applied to four pieces (Händel, Montéclair, Telemann,C.P.E. Bach): these examples of interpretation programs allow us to put forward the idea that the music of thatperiod was in its essence eloquent, and that its interpretation cannot become eloquent again without returning torhetorical intelligence and its principles of pronuntiatio.
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L'articulation entre le droit de l'OMC et les accords commerciaux régionauxRocha da Silva, Alice 30 January 2012 (has links)
Depuis la création de l'article XXIV du GATT, les recherches et les analyses liées à la relation entre le droit de l'OMC et les accords commerciaux régionaux ont été basés principalement sur cet article et sur la recherche pour la compatibilité des ACR avec les conditions et les critères proposés par ce dernier. Autres dispositions liés au même thème ont été créés, comme l'article V de l'AGCS et la Clause d'habilitation, qui cherchent à couvrir le commerce des services dans ces accords et regarder d'octroi de préférences en fonction du niveau de développement des Membres de l'OMC. Avec le temps, il a été constaté que l'application de ces dispositions et procédures d'évaluation de la compatibilité n'ont pas eu l'effet souhaité par les négociateurs des règles de l'OMC. Les ACR ont continué à se multiplier en parallèle avec le système de l'OMC et des relations de complémentarité, de concurrence et de conflit ont été établis entre eux. Face à l'inefficacité d'articuler les ACR avec le droit de l'OMC uniquement pour l'utilisation de dispositions conçus pour cela, on doit chercher dans d'autres dispositions de l'OMC, des outils pour atteindre cet objectif. En outre, ces dispositifs permettent l'utilisation de règles de droit international public dans certaines limites et ces règles peuvent être très utile pour l'articulation des ACR et de droit de l'OMC. Pour ce faire, il faut diviser l'analyse en deux phases, la première de recherche d'une articulation normatif et la seconde portait sur le traitement de la multiplicité des fora / Since the creation of article XXIV of the GATT, research and analysis related to the relationship between WTO law and Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) have been based primarily on this article and the search for compatibility of RTAs with conditions and criteria proposed by the latter. Other provisions related to the same theme were created, such as Article V of the GATS and the Enabling Clause, that seek to cover trade in services in these agreements and look for the granting of preferences based on the level of development between WTO Members. However, over time, the application of these provisions and procedures for assessing the compatibility have not reached the desired effect by the negotiators of WTO rules. The RTAs continued to increase in parallel with the WTO system and complementary relationships, competition and conflicts have been established between them. The ineffectiveness to articulate RTAs with WTO law solely using the article XXIV of the GATT leads us to search for new legal tools to achieve this articulation. More particularly, these tools allow us to use the rules of public international law within certain limits and may be very useful for the articulation between RTAs and WTO law. This research of legal tools is divided in two phases: the first one analyzes normative tools for articulation and the second one analyzes the treatment of multiple fora. Some of the items to be discussed will be the limitation of standards in the WTO, the rules of interpretation of WTO law and the attractiveness of the DSB for resolving conflicts among Members of the Organization
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