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Att leva med autismspektrumtillstånd : Innehållsanalys och samtalsanalys av en fokusgruppsdiskussion / To Live with an Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis : Content Analysis and Conversation Analysis of a Focus Group DiscussionCollin, Angelica, Tollander, Sofie January 2015 (has links)
Autismspektrumtillstånd (AST) är en neuropsykiatrisk funktionsnedsättning som kan påverka individens vardagsliv. Livsområden som kan vara problematiska är bland annat arbetsliv, familjeliv, relationer och områden som kräver social interaktion. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka vardaglig kommunikation hos vuxna med AST samt att genom deltagarnas personliga berättelser undersöka hur AST kan påverka en individs liv. Denna typ av studie är viktig för att generera en bättre förståelse för behoven hos vuxna med AST och därmed ge indikationer för vilka typer av anpassningar som kan behövas i samhället. Föreliggande studie baserades på en videoinspelad fokusgruppsdiskussion med fyra deltagare som i vuxen ålder har diagnostiserats med AST. Två olika analysmetoder användes för att studera materialet, nämligen samtalsanalys och innehållsanalys. Resultaten visade att deltagarna har kompetens för social interaktion och empatisk förmåga. Ett par av deltagarna uppfattades ha annorlunda blickanvändning, och oväntade ämnesbyten och avbrottsförsök observeras under diskussionen. Flertalet av deltagarna uppgav att de har haft psykiska svårigheter under sina liv och de ser diagnostiseringen som viktig för deras livskvalitet då den möjliggör kontaktskapande med likasinnade. Detta förefaller vara betydelsefullt för dem då de har svårt att bygga relationer. Resultaten i föreliggande studie kan bidra till en ökad förståelse för hur en neuropsykiatrisk diagnos kan påverka en individs liv. / Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a neuropsychiatric impairment that may affect an individual's everyday life. Life areas that may be problematic include work, family, relationships and areas that require social interaction. The aim of the present study was to investigate communication in everyday life amongst adults with ASD as well as, by listening to the participants' personal narratives, explore how AST can affect an individual's life. The study was based on a video recorded focus group discussion with four participants who in adulthood have been diagnosed with ASD. Conversation Analysis and Content analysis were used for analysis of the material. The results showed that the participants have skills for social interaction and empathy. Some of the participants were perceived as using their gaze in a deviant way, and unexpected changes in topics and attempted interruptions were observed during the discussion. The majority of the participants described periods of psychiatric problems during their lives, and that the diagnosis has been important for their quality of life as it enables them to create relationships with people with similar difficulties. This appears to be important to them since they have difficulties building relationships. The results contribute to a better understanding of how a neuropsychiatric diagnosis can affect an individual's life.
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Kindgesentreerde spelterapie en sandkasspelterapie met 'n kind met die Aspergersindroom / D FaulFaul, Dinelle January 2013 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to research the therapeutic outcomes achieved by a five year-old boy with Asperger Syndrome (AS), by means of non-directive processes of child centred play therapy (CCP) and sand tray play therapy (STP). In this investigative-descriptive qualitative research design, a saturated, holistic, intrinsic single case study was used as research method. The therapeutic process, events and outcomes of a unique single case within the context of AS, non-directive play therapy and the interactional-pattern analysis (IPA), are described. This study was motivated by the fact that the researcher disposed of data for a unique single case study that could contribute meaningfully to the need for a research database that describes effective therapeutic interventions and outcomes with children with AS. From the perspective of Rogerian person-centred theory (RPT), the literature study focused on an integrated discussion of AS, CCP and STP by means of 17 interpersonal variables of the interactional-pattern analysis (IPA). The following data sources was investigated: interviews with parents and teachers; CCP-sessions of J recorded on video; photos of some of J’s STP-sessions and the therapists’ process notes. Triangulation was used to evaluate the various categories of therapeutic outcomes from different viewpoints and to give meaning to them. The conclusions indicated that this boy with AS had used the non-directive processes of CCP and STP to achieve various therapeutic outcomes in the areas of: imaginary play; dramatic play; social interaction with the therapist, parents, family, teachers, his peer group and with strangers; traumatic experiences during visits to the doctor and bath times; identification, expressing and regulating emotions; and minimising acting out behaviour. Therapeutic outcomes have been demonstrated in 8 IPA-variables, namely: empathy, defining of relationships, potential to evoke acceptance or rejection, sincere interest and congruent conduct, control, emotional distance, problem solving and aspects relating to the presenting problem. The conclusion was reached that the conduct of the boy with AS as well as his mother and the therapist, played a mutual role in achieving his therapeutic outcomes within the 17 IPA-variables. The unstructured process of the non-directive play (CCP and STP) was utilised by a young child with AS to achieve therapeutic outcomes that relate to his everyday existence. A final conclusion is that involving the boy’s mother in his therapy and utilising an adapted Filial play program, enabled the mother to make emotional contact with her son and to diminish conflict between them. Guidelines for therapists are suggested with regard to non-directive responding in therapeutic contexts as found in this study. Furthermore, the contribution of this research to Psychology as science and discipline, is presented. Limitations of this study are indicated and recommendations for further research are made. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Psigologie))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2013
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The role of selective attention in perceptual switchingStoesz, Brenda M. 12 September 2008 (has links)
When viewing ambiguous figures, individuals can exert selective attentional control over their perceptual reversibility behaviour (e.g., Strüber & Stadler, 1999). In the current study, we replicated this finding but we also found that ambiguous figures containing faces are processed quite differently from those containing objects. Furthermore, inverting an ambiguous figure containing faces (i.e., Rubin’s vase-face) resulted in an “inversion effect”. These findings highlight the importance of considering how we attend to faces in addition to how we perceive and process faces. Describing the perceptual reversal patterns of individuals in the general population allowed us to draw comparisons to behaviours exhibited by individuals with Asperger Syndrome (AS). The group data suggested that these individuals were less affected by figure type or stimulus inversion. Examination of individual scores, moreover, revealed that the majority of participants with AS showed an atypical reversal pattern, particularly with ambiguous figures containing faces, and an atypical inversion effect. Together, our results show that ambiguous figures can be a very valuable tool for examining face processing mechanisms in the general population and other distinct groups of individuals, particularly those diagnosed with AS.
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Assessering van'n leerder in graad R met asperger-sindroomLemmer, Rina 11 1900 (has links)
In this investigative study the researcher studied the methods used to assess
learners with Asperger syndrome in Grade R. A detailed, and in depth study was made of Inclusive Education and the current assessment methods, as well as research into which assessment methods have been proved successful when dealing with learners with Asperger syndrome.
Derived from the literature study, interviews held and observations, the researcher concluded that learners with Asperger syndrome are very unique people, but need to be supported and helped to enable them to become worthy citizens within a community.
Out of the information collected it became apparent during this intense study of a fairly limited scope, that it is very important that the facilitator has to create an unique development programme for each individual learner with Asperger syndrome. Only then each learner will be helped to develop to his or her full potential.
The above facts generate recommendations towards the following:
• The Department of Education
• The primary school
• The facilitator
• The family
• Further research / Teacher Education / M.Ed. ( Inklusiewe Onderwys)
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Escolarização inclusiva e Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo no município de Barueri (SP): perfil doa alunos e perspectivas dos pais / Inclusive schooling and Autism Spectrum Disorders in Barueri city (SP): students profile and parents perspectivesOliveira, Juliana de 21 January 2013 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2013-01-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Although there is a bunch of legal documents that defend a quality education for all, there is an evident deficiency on researches to show how the schooling process for Special Educational Necessities (SEN) has been put in practice in the public education network. This process still represents a huge challenge because it demands adaptations on the entire school environment and, when it is about students with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), the challenge is bigger due to their behavioral manifestations. The aim of the present study is to map the situation and dynamics of the inclusion of students with ASD in a town from the São Paulo State, according to the parents perspectives. The study took place in Barueri town, State of São Paulo, with all mothers/main responsible for the students diagnosed with ASD registered from the 1º to the 9º grades on public schools of Elementary and Middle School (N=44). The instruments used on the research were: clinic evaluation based on DSM-IV, the Autism Screening Questionnaire ASQ, the Autism Behavior Checklist ABC, as well as a sociodemographic questionnaire and a semistructured questionnaire regarding the educational aspects of the student. The main results of the study indicate that there are still children with ASD who don t attend the regular school and also that, among the registered ones, there is an expressive part that remains in school for a shorter time than the established by the municipal Education Secretariat. Besides, it was observed a parents dissatisfaction regarding the services offered on these schools, mainly because of the disability of the teachers on attending the specific necessities of the children with ASD. Although these results are due to a research conducted in one single town, they can be a help on understanding how it has been made the inclusive schooling process, being one of the rare Brazilian researches with a representative sample of schools in a specified region. With no intention on closing a so recent and polemic theme, the actual study configures itself just as the beginning of an investigation of theories and empiric data that aim to reflect the elaboration of more efficient and clearer public politics, offering quality in the schooling process for the student with ASD. / Apesar do emaranhado de documentos legais que preconizam uma educação de qualidade para todos, existe uma evidente carência de pesquisas que demonstrem como tem se dado na prática o processo de escolarização de alunos com Necessidades Educacionais Especiais (NEE) na rede pública de ensino. Esse processo ainda representa um grande desafio por exigir uma adaptação da escola como um todo e, em se tratando de um aluno com Transtornos do Espectro Autista (TEA), o desafio é maior em virtude das manifestações comportamentais desses sujeitos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi mapear a situação e a dinâmica de inclusão de alunos com TEA de um município paulista, segundo a perspectiva dos pais. O estudo foi realizado na cidade de Barueri, Estado de São Paulo, com todas as mães/principais responsáveis pelos alunos com diagnóstico de TEA matriculados no 1º ao 9º ano das escolas municipais de Ensino Fundamental (N=44). Os instrumentos utilizados na pesquisa foram: avaliação clínica baseada no DSM-IV, o Autism Screening Questionnaire - ASQ, o Autism Behavior Checklist - ABC, bem como um questionário sociodemográfico e um questionário semi-estruturado relativo aos aspectos educacionais do aluno. Os principais resultados do estudo indicam que ainda existem crianças com TEA que não frequentam a escola regular e que entre os matriculados, uma parte expressiva permanece na escola por menos tempo que o estabelecido pela Secretaria de Educação do município. Além disso, verificou-se uma insatisfação por parte dos pais com relação aos serviços prestados nessas escolas justificada principalmente pela falta de formação do professor em atender as necessidades específicas das crianças com TEA. Apesar de esses resultados serem decorrentes de uma pesquisa conduzida em um único município, eles poderão ajudar a compreender como está sendo realizado o processo de escolarização inclusiva, sendo um dos raros brasileiros com população representativa dos escolares de uma dada região. Sem a mínima pretensão de findar um tema tão recente e polêmico, o presente estudo se configura apenas o início de uma investigação de teorias e dados empíricos que objetivam refletir na elaboração de políticas públicas mais eficazes e claras, oferecendo ao aluno com TEA, qualidade no seu processo de escolarização.
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Asperger Syndrom : Hur arbetar fritidspedagogerna på fritidshemmen?Persson, Emma January 2013 (has links)
No description available.
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Svět Aspergerů / World of AspergersSuková, Markéta January 2019 (has links)
World of Aspergers Annotation In my diploma thesis, which I called the Asperger's World, I elaborate on subject of specific perception of people with autistic spectrum disorder. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the following main aspects: how people with Asperger syndrome perceive their disability and whether they are recognized as part of society or stigmatized. In the theoretical part I define the term autism and Asperger syndrome. I describe certain aspects that exclude this syndrome from other autistic manifestations and point out differences in behavior and experience of everyday life of these individuals. Emphasis is placed above all on other sensory perceptions and ethical issues concerning children and adolescents. Their integration into common school classes, the perception of teachers, classmates and parents. The practical part contains three case studies on which I would like to show how difficult it is to deal with this disability from the perspective of the parents of the affected child. Furthermore, the expressions of children and adults themselves with Asperger syndrome, pedagogues, classmates, friends and co-workers. In the discussion, I compare my knowledge with sources used, and in the end, I evaluate the given issue. Key words Asperger syndrome, autism spectrum disorder, integration...
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Effects of a Clinic-Based Conversation Skills Group Training Program on Children with High Functioning Autism/Asperger SyndromeSmith, Allison Dawn Breit 09 October 2007 (has links)
No description available.
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Vzdělávání osob s poruchou autistického spektra v ČR / Education for people with autism spectrum disorder in the Czech RepublicŽilincová, Hana January 2015 (has links)
This thesis deals with the education of autistic children. It is divided into ten chapters where further presents the history of autism, autistic spectrum disorders division, the diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders, then focuses on the triad problem areas, which include communication, social behavior and imagination. Another chapter deals with the education of children with autism. The last chapter consists of methods for educating children with autism. In the practical part presents research that I conducted using a questionnaire. Furthermore, there are some interviews with experts on autism and teaching assistants.
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Hodnocení motorických dovedností dětí s Aspergerovým syndromem a vysokofunkčním autismem pomocí MABC-2 / Assessment of notor stills in children with Aspuger syndrome and High - functioning autism using MABC-Z.Nývltová, Lucie January 2014 (has links)
Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism is a form of pervasive developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction and communication and restricted and stereotyped interests. These children are often clumsy and motor uncoordinated. They also performed worse in standardized tests of motor function. In this diploma thesis we used Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2 (MABC-2) for assessment motor skills in children with Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism aged 7-10 years in comparison with the group of children developing typically. Our study included 9 children with Asperger syndrome, 3 children with high-functioning autism and 64 children with typical development. Evident motor deficit (below 5. percentile) was found in 2 children with Asperger syndrome and 3 children with high-functioning autism. 1 child with Asperger syndrome was in a risk of motor deficit (6.-16. percentile). Children with Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism performed significantly worse than children developing typically in a total score of this test. Significant difference was found in two components of MABC-2, in Aiming and catching (AC) and Balance (BAL). Better results reached children with typical development. Results of this study indicate that children with Asperger syndrome...
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