The purpose of this research study was to investigate the role of manipulative materials in improving achievement in computation, concept-formation, and problem-solving in fourth-grade mathematics. This study examined whether manipulative materials had greater impact when used to introduce a concept, to reinforce a concept, or both to introduce and to reinforce a concept. The sample group for this study was 123 students. The children in experimental Group A (n=41) used manipulative materials for the first lesson in a concept. Experimental Group B (n=27) used manipulative materials only after initial instruction on the concept by the traditional method (lecture by teacher using blackboard and textbook). Experimental Group C (n=28) used manipulative materials for initial instruction, practiced the concept using the textbook, and reinforced the concept through additional use of manipulatives. All experimental groups continued to use the adopted text as well as the manipulatives. Control Group D (n=27) used only the textbook and had no lessons involving manipulative materials. The Science Resource Associates (SRA) Achievement Tests, Level E, Form 2, and researcher-designed achievement and retention tests were administered to the subjects. Data from the posttests were analyzed using an analysis of covariance model with multiple contrasts. The analysis of scores on the SRA tests showed no significant difference between groups on the concepts and computation tests. Group A, which used manipulative materials for introduction, scored significantly higher than the other groups on the problem-solving test (p=.05). The analysis of scores on the researcher-designed tests indicated a significant difference between groups on both the achievement and retention tests. Both Group A, which used manipulatives for the introduction of concepts, and Group B, which used manipulatives for reinforcement, scored significantly higher than the other groups on both researcher-designed tests. / Ed. D.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of visual performance presentations on student perceptions of the elements of music. Eighth and 12th grade student groups (n = 155) were randomly assigned from intact music classes into two presentation groups (audio and video). A Posttest Control Group Design was utilized to determine the treatment effects of four videotaped performances on student responses to Olson's <i>Part One: Musical Detail from the Measurement of Musical Awareness</i> (©1987). Two excerpts in Jazz style (big band) and two in Classical style (symphony orchestra) were presented in random order to each of the treatment groups. The experimental group was presented a videotaped music performance of each excerpt while the control group was presented only the audiotaped performances of the same excerpts. The students responded to twenty-eight test statement items regarding melody, form, texture, meter, rhythm, harmony, tone color, tempo, and dynamics in the four different music performances. / Ed. D.

The purpose of this study is to develop an in-service training program for the teachers of the Sherman Elementary Schools in the use of audio-visual aids and materials as a means toward effective child growth and development.

It is the purpose of this study to determine whether the use of sound films alone, shown to homemakers in adult homemaking classes, is effective in improving attitudes relative to family and social relationships, civic responsibility, and the use of leisure time.

No description available.

The problem of this study was a test of a specific videotape designed to influence the actions of tour guides for older adult groups. The purposes of the study were to observe guide performances and older adult responses before and after training in techniques for sharing information with older adults in public spaces. The hypotheses were tested. 1) Guides after training would exhibit significant differences in behaviors of pointing, repeating, pausing, questioning, conversing, facing art when talking, talking inaudibly, pacing rapidly. 2) Older adult drop-outs would decrease on tours with especially trained guides.

This study consists of two parts, the completed videotape production and the production book. The videotape explores the history, organizational structure, and training requirements of the Dallas/Fort Worth Airport Department of Public Safety. A copy of the videotape is shelved in the North Texas State University Media Center Library. The production book describes background preproduction, production, and postproduction of the videotape. Problems, their effects, and solutions are described. The study concludes that an effective videotape can be produced in-house with limited time, equipment, and personnel, at a cost far less than commercially produced films. The study makes specific recommendations for guidelines and planning of future productions.

李小玲撰. / 據稿本複印. / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學. / Ju gao ben fu yin. / Li Xiaoling zhuan. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue. / 表一至卅六的目錄　　　　　 --- p.V / 圖一至三的目錄　　　　　　 --- p.X / 附錄一至四的目錄　　　　　 --- p.XI / 鳴謝 --- p.XII / Chapter 第一章 --- 引言 / Chapter 一、一 --- 青少年心態 --- p.1 / Chapter 一、二 --- 教育署的行動 --- p.4 / Chapter 一、三 --- 各界對「學校德育指引」的回應 --- p.5 / Chapter 一、四 --- 傳播中心的錄影帶製作 --- p.7 / Chapter 第二章 --- 擴散的理論與研究 / Chapter 二、一 --- 擴散的定義　　　　　 --- p.9 / Chapter 二、二 --- 擴散研究面對的批評　 --- p.11 / Chapter 二、三 --- 擴散理論的再思　　　 --- p.20 / Chapter 二、四 --- 從過往研究看新事物的界定 --- p.24 / Chapter 二、五 --- 從過往研究看新事物的分類 --- p.28 / Chapter 二、六 --- 新事物的（認知）屬性 --- p.32 / Chapter 第三章 --- 研究目的及方法 / Chapter 三、一 --- 宗教德育錄影帶節目這新事物 --- p.35 / Chapter 三、二 --- 進行這項研究的原因　　 --- p.39 / Chapter 三、三 --- 研究方法　 --- p.44 / Chapter 三、三、一 --- 實地觀察 --- p.45 / Chapter 三、三、二 --- 調查 --- p.55 / Chapter 第四章 --- 研究假設及結果 / Chapter 四、一 --- 一般性資料 --- p.60 / Chapter 四、二 --- 租用者決定租用錄影帶節目所經過的階段 --- p.62 / Chapter 四、三 --- 租用者租用錄影帶節目的原因 --- p.69 / Chapter 四、四 --- 不租用者不租用錄影帶節目的原因 --- p.73 / Chapter 四、五 --- 影響教師會否租用錄影帶節目的因素 --- p.76 / Chapter 四、六 --- 本研究所受到的限制　　 --- p.96 / Chapter 第五章 --- 結論 --- p.102 / 註釋 --- p.109 / 表一至卅六 --- p.132 / 圖一至三 --- p.150 / 附錄一至四 --- p.153 / 參考書目 --- p.179

The purpose of this project is to explore the effectiveness of combining music and visual supports as a means of facilitating communication in exceptional preschoolers. The results indicate that music and visual supports have some merit for increasing verbal responses.

The purpose of this study was to develop and test a model in which video materials are effectively used to develop students' listening communication ability. In order to reach this goal, the researcher designed the study procedure. In phase one, literature was reviewed to establish the theoretical framework for the model. In phase two, the validity of the model was tested using the Delphi technique. In phase three, the model Was field tested in two high schools in Japan with 251 11th grade students and 3 Japanese teachers of English participating. In addition, there were 12 teacher observers. Two sets of data, one from the student questionnaire and one from teacher questionnaire, were collected and analyzed along with the researcher's observations. The lesson, based on the model, was well-received by the students and teachers. Almost 80% of the 249 students responding to a 5-point Likert scale question rated the lesson as excellent or very good. Among 15 teachers, 12 rated the lesson as excellent and 3 rated it very good. To an open-ended question to the students, "What was the part you liked best in today's lesson?", 108 students responded "the use of movie/video materials." Teachers were also favorable toward the use of video as a teaching material. Both the students and teachers responded that they thought learners would improve their listening comprehension through this type of lesson. Based on the findings from this study, the researcher has concluded that this model can be utilized in the classroom and will improve listening comprehension of Japanese learners of English. Even though this type of lesson can be taught by any teacher of English in Japan regardless of his/her English language skill, it can be implemented more effectively if teachers are appropriately trained. Therefore, a three-phase workshop for teachers was recommended. / Graduation date: 1993