M.A. (Social Work) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

M.Ed. / This study is an investigation into cognitive mapping as strategy in the constructivistic approach to mathematics education to learners with a visual disability with the view to describe the change in pupils' thoughts on mathematical concepts, as well as their experiences during the process of cognitive mapping. The rationale for the investigation was derived from the shift in South African Mathematics teaching from traditional teaching to constructivistic (or problem-centered) teaching. As this implies a shift in paradigm, teachers will be in need of relevant constructivistic training to equip them with effective teaching strategies. The objective of this study is to examine cognitive mapping as a possible supportive strategy to constructivism . The study commences with a theoretical framework in which constructivism is clearly explicated. The principles of radical and social constructivism, the roots of which can be traced back to the epistemological theories of Piaget and Vygotsky, are explored. The constructivistic view of knowledge, with the relationship between public knowledge and the forming of personal knowledge, is discussed and extended to include the formation of mathematical knowledge. The focus then shifts to the concepts of instruction and learning and the role they play in the constructivistic paradigm. In the constructivistic view, learning implies cognitive restructuring, which is facilitated by assimilation and accommodation. The implications of this view of learning for instruction, and in particular mathematics instruction, is then discussed. This chapter concludes with the working definition the researcher has used to conduct the remainder of the study. The theoretical framework is structured furthermore to give background regarding cognitive mapping. According to the constructivistic approach, learning implies conceptual change. Cognitive maps externalise conceptual change by means of visual representations, and therefore it was decided to investigate them as a teaching strategy. Some definitions, as found in the literature, are given, and three types of maps are illustrated as examples. The different uses of cognitive maps, among which study strategy, lesson planning and means of evaluation, are discussed. A discussion on the different methods of constructing a map follows, with specific focus on how to include the whole class in the activity. The advantage of social interaction while constructing knowledge, is highlighted. Lastly, the advantages and disadvantages connected to cognitive mapping as teaching strategy, are discussed. The theoretical framework is complemented by a chapter on the design of the research, substantiating the choice of format and methods of data collection and analysis. The data is reported in the succeeding chapter, and examples of raw data from transcriptions, journals of the pupils and cognitive maps are presented. Finally, the consolidated data is interpreted. In the concluding chapter the findings of the study are discussed. The most significant findings of this study are: cognitive mapping, as mathematical teaching strategy, improved the understanding of grade nine learners, with a visual disability, of real numbers; the learners experienced the teaching strategy of cognitive mapping positively; the number of group members involved in the construction of a cognitive map, influenced.

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This is a handbook of multimedia technology and multimedia production teaching strategies that include the following: lesson and unit plans, worksheets, with teacher directions and student instructions, interdisciplinary activities for use in secondary level classrooms, lists of useful reading material, and sources of supplies used in the described student multimedia activities.

As educators, communicating timely, important information to parents and to the community is a challenge. By using video technology, the ability to convey such information is not only possible but rather simple. Taking it one step further, utilizing cable television allows for the transmission of a variety of information to every living room in our community.

Orientador: Pelopidas Cypriano de Oliveira / Coorientador: Franco Speroni / Coorientador: Lino Strangis / Banca: Ana Cristina Paula Lima / Banca: Alexandre Suarez de Oliveira / Banca: João Jurandir Espinelli / Banca: Leticia Passos Affini / Resumo: A presente pesquisa é resultado de vários questionamentos em níveis distintos sobre as obras de arte da Avenida Paulista e a linha de pesquisa: Processos e Procedimentos Artísticos. É um registro dos processos iniciais da pesquisa, as manifestações sobre as obras de arte da Avenida em vídeos codificados e as indagações sobre Ragghianti e o relato do trabalho realizado na Itália com apoio da Capes. A importância deste trabalho está na possibilidade de fruição da obra de arte sem a aproximação física e no resgate da proposta de Ragghianti de se fazer crítica através da linguagem audiovisual. Evidentemente o vídeo não substitui a contemplação in loco, mas funciona como meio de difusão da obra, capaz não só de assumir um caráter de documento de arte, mas algo que afete o espectador no sentido de estimular a sua visita ao local de instalação da obra. / Abstract: This research results of many questions in different levels about Paulista Avenue artworks and the research line Artistic Processes and Procedures. It registers the initial study processes, as well as the reactions of the audience in the face of the pieces exposed in codified videos and the queries about Ragghianti. Moreover, it carries a report about the work held in Italy with the support of Capes [a Brazilian public research foundation]. The relevance of this research is to demonstrate the possibility of enjoying the art piece from a distance and bring back the Ragghianti's proposal, which consists of producing art critic through the audiovisual language. The video surely does not replace the on-site contemplation. However, audiovisual works as a way to disseminate the art piece. More than a document of art, it is also something able to motivate the spectator to go visit the original art piece location. / Doutor

The problem of this study was a comparison of the responses of students to three techniques of teaching literature. From this comparison, the most effective technique of teaching literature was identified. The three techniques selected for the study were silent reading, Readers Theatre, and videotape Readers Theatre. These three techniques were compared on achievement and attitude response. Effectiveness of each technique was examined by noting each grade level and the pooled-technique effectiveness scores. Also, black and white video-tape scores were examined in comparison to scores from the presentation of color video-tape. The analysis of data revealed that Readers Theatre resulted in significantly higher mean scores on attitude-scale tests than either of the other two techniques. The teaching technique of silent reading produced significantly higher mean comprehension scores than did either Readers Theatre or black and white video-tape, although Readers Theatre resulted in higher mean comprehension scores than did black and white video-tape. Silent reading produced a higher mean score than did black and white video-tape on the attitude-scale tests. Since silent reading produced significantly higher scores on comprehension of literature, it was concluded that silent reading is the most effective method for achieving comprehension. However, it was also concluded that Readers Theatre is of importance in the domain of attitude and affect. This study isolated Readers Theatre as the most effective teaching technique for attitude response toward literature.

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of filmstrips upon a group of first-grade pupils as compared to another group of first-grade pupils not using filmstrips.

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Thesis (MA) -- Stellenbosch University, 1998. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: During my work as a lecturer in "German as a foreign language" at the University of Zululand I have experienced that African students often understand German texts in a different way than I, coming from a European background, would have expected. According to the research on text reception, differences in understanding texts are the result of different reader characteristics of which the socio-cultural background forms an important component. This thesis examines the socio-cultural background of Zulu students and aims to show how it influences their understanding of German texts. The necessary data is obtained by way of a comparative empirical investigation which is enhanced by personal observations made while teaching German to African learners. The investigation is based on a German advertisement. The control groups consist of South African students at the Universities of Natal/Durban and Stellenbosch as well as students in Germany at the University of Kassel. The investigation is concluded by a discussion of the implications that the socio-cultural background of Zulu students can have on the teaching of "German as a foreign language" and on intercultural communication. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gedurende my werks,aamheidas dosent in die vak "Duits as vreemde taal" aan die Universiteit van Zululand het ek ondervind dat Swart studente dikwels Duitse tekste heeltemal anders verstaan as wat ek, as iemand met Europese agtergrond, sou verwag het. Navorsing oar teks-resepsie skryf resepsieverskille toe aan verskillende lesereienskappe waarvan die sosio-kulturele agtergrond 'n belangrike komponent vorm. Hierdie tesis ondersoek die sosio-kulturele agtergrond van Zoeloe-studente en probeer aantoon hoe dit die resepsie van Duitse tekste be'invloed. Die nodige inligting hiervoor word verkry deur middel van 'n vergelykende empiriese ondersoek. Dit word aangevul deur persoonlike waarnemings wat ek gedurende die onderrig van Duits aan Swart studente gemaak het. Die ondersoek is gebaseer op 'n Duitse advertensie. Die kontrolegroepe bestaan uit studente aan die universiteite in Natal/Durban en Stellenbosch in Suid- Afrika en in Duitsland aan die Universiteit van Kassel. In die slotgedeelte word die implikasies uitgewys wat die sosio-kulturele agtergrond van Zoeloe-studente op die onderrig van "Duits as vreemde taal" as oak op interkulturele kommunikasie kan he.