published_or_final_version / Business / Master / Master of Philosophy

This dissertation is a descriptive, exploratory examination of professional commitment, organizational commitment, and conflict between those commitments in the internal audit profession. That conflict has been suggested in prior studies as the source of dysfunctional outcomes such as increased role stress, high turnover, decreased job satisfaction, and the exercise of improper judgment leading to audit failures. The descriptive aspect of this study deals with the development of a more comprehensive structural model of the factors and relationships involved in commitment and conflict than has been developed by previous research dealing with accountants. The exploratory aspect deals with the testing and refinement of the developed model utilizing the internal audit profession as the field of examination. The model developed in this study is derived from the synthesis of factors suggested by role theory, the concept of side bets, the cosmopolitan-local construct, and the concept of commitment as a process. This research utilizes a questionnaire administered to 205 practicing internal auditors in order to test 30 hypothesized relationships. Path analysis is used to determine the significant direct relationships between variables with a process of theory trimming being conducted in order to produce more parsimonious structural models. Indirect relationships between significant variables are identified and their redundant or suppressive nature determined. Explanations of these suppressive or redundant relationships are provided based on the theoretical considerations identified above. Such a determination and explanation of the redundant and suppressive indirect relationships involved in the commitment-conflict relationship has not been accomplished in earlier studies of the subject. Although the procedures used here do not support causal conclusions, the findings of this study indirectly provide evidence that conflict between the two commitments in the internal audit area is not to be considered inherent. The findings also suggest a possible undesirable relationship between organizational formalization and professional commitment.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:35:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ronaldo_Froes_de_Carvalho.pdf: 745138 bytes, checksum: c7086f9120338412d7c5e47e4801ccb9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-02-28 / The objective of this work is to present the concepts of internal controls and the importance they have to the various kinds of organizations in the present business scenario. Due to the business evolution and, mostly, to the competitiveness, companies need to be more and more qualified to obtain competitive advantages. The settlement of internal controls, with all the necessary components, consists of an important management tool to reach the organizational objectives, for such controls are able to guarantee reasonable protection to the company assets and trustworthy preparation and presentation of financial statements. Besides, they stimulate the compliance to the company policies and the reach of the operational efficiency. This work also approaches the responsibilities over the internal controls, taking as backstage a structured questionnaire applied in Brazil to a group of internal auditors, who are important elements for the success of a internal control system. / Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar os conceitos de controles internos e a import??ncia que representam para os diversos tipos de organiza????es no atual cen??rio dos neg??cios. Com a evolu????o dos neg??cios e, principalmente, da concorr??ncia, as empresas precisam ser cada vez mais competentes para obter vantagens competitivas. O estabelecimento de controles internos, com todos os componentes necess??rios, constitui-se numa importante ferramenta de gest??o para o alcance dos objetivos organizacionais, pois contribuem para a prote????o dos ativos da empresa e para fidedignidade na elabora????o e apresenta????o de relat??rios cont??beis. Al??m disso, estimulam a obedi??ncia ??s pol??ticas de uma empresa e o alcance da efici??ncia operacional. O trabalho discute tamb??m a responsabilidade sobre os controles internos, utilizando como pano de fundo, um question??rio estruturado aplicado no Brasil, a um grupo de auditores internos, que s??o elementos importantes para o sucesso de um sistema de controles internos.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-04T11:45:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Weslley_Souza_do_Nascimento.pdf: 1033793 bytes, checksum: f3dd155a0470eac823e9fc0da1cab344 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-12-08 / This dissertation aims at verifying the effectiveness of internal audit in the processes of detection of frauds committed against companies. The study of the subject fraud has become opportune nowadays, once many financial and accounting scandals have been discussed due to of the impact caused in the world financial market. The research begins by the study of how the audit profession appeared in the world, verifying the evolution of internal audit in Brazil and demonstrating data about the professionals belonging to this field in the mentioned country. Then, the concepts that involve the task of detecting frauds, which are internal control, fraud and its different types and error, besides the own concept of internal audit, are analyzed. The audit procedures help data analysis and guarantee the trustworthiness of the tests applied by the auditor, once technology helps them to go hand in hand with the computerization of the audit process. In order to corroborate the bibliographical survey a field work with the purpose of ratifying the conclusions found in the bibliography was made, thus, proving the formulated hypothesis. We researched private sector companies located in the state of S??o Paulo and considered big, based on the income tax criterion in Brazil.The answers to this research were tabulated and confirmed some conclusions in relation to the performance of internal audit in fraud atmosphere. The conclusions confirm that internal audit is effective in the detection of many types of frauds against companies, since the professionals make use of audit procedures together with the computer programs available in the market or developed by audit companies. / Esta disserta????o tem por objetivo principal a verifica????o da efic??cia da Auditoria Interna nos processos de descobertas de fraudes cometidas contra as empresas. O estudo do assunto fraude torna-se oportuno na atualidade uma vez que diversos esc??ndalos financeiros e cont??beis est??o sendo comentados, em face do impacto causado no mercado financeiro mundial. A pesquisa inicia-se com o estudo do surgimento da fun????o de auditoria no mundo, verificando-se a evolu????o da Auditoria Interna no Brasil e demonstrando-se dados acerca destes profissionais no pa??s. Em seguida, s??o analisados os conceitos que envolvem os trabalhos de detec????o de fraudes pela auditoria, os quais s??o: controle interno, fraude e seus diferentes tipos e erro, al??m do pr??prio conceito de Auditoria Interna. Os procedimentos de auditoria auxiliam a an??lise dos dados e garantem confiabilidade aos testes aplicados pelo auditor, uma vez que as tecnologias o ajudam a acompanhar a informatiza????o dos processos auditados. A fim de corroborar o trabalho bibliogr??fico foi elaborada uma pesquisa de campo com o prop??sito de ratificar as conclus??es encontradas na bibliografia, comprovando assim a hip??tese formulada. Foram pesquisadas empresas do setor privado, estabelecidas no estado de S??o Paulo e consideradas de grande porte com base no crit??rio de enquadramento do Imposto de Renda no Brasil. As respostas ?? pesquisa foram tabuladas e confirmaram algumas conclus??es em rela????o ?? atua????o da Auditoria Interna no ambiente de fraudes. As conclus??es apontam para a comprova????o de que a Auditoria Interna ?? eficaz nos trabalhos de detec????o dos diversos tipos de fraudes cometidos contra as empresas, desde que tais profissionais se utilizem dos procedimentos de auditoria aliados aos softwares dispon??veis no mercado ou desenvolvidos pelas empresas de auditoria.

Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2017-12-19T23:23:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Cinthia Ponara Russo Pasquale.pdf: 602742 bytes, checksum: 65034e0d5cf9b950cbf4f892177d24f0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-19T23:23:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Cinthia Ponara Russo Pasquale.pdf: 602742 bytes, checksum: 65034e0d5cf9b950cbf4f892177d24f0 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 / Through the change of normative scenary for revenue recognition by the IFRS 15 adoption, that occurs from January 1st, 2018, it is necessary to adjust internal controls environmnent around revenue recognition in order to make the internal controls environment adherent to IFRS 15. The objective of this research is to identify the internal control activities that may be necessary for the IFRS 15 adoption in consulting outsorced services companies. To reach the main objective, two secondary objectives was traced: (1) the crictical review ex ante the IFRS 15 impact over the internal control environment in oder to offer insights for the organizations that intend to addopt IFRS 15; and (2) build na Internal Control Matrix for consulting outsorced companies when IFRS 15 is addopted. The objectives were reached through literature review of classic authors as well as scientific research for objective 1 and focus group for objective 2. The conclusion is that the differences between IFRS 15 and actual practices for revenue recognition are pretty close and there is the need for few controls to be implemented for the IFRS 15 adoption, however these controls although are not complex and difficult to be implemented, are high risk and essencial for the accurate revenue recognition.Besides attending all proposed objectives, this researh brings as a ontribution the development of a theme where academic research is scarce throught a real problem on outsorced services companies, where the benefits are not only a internal control matrix, but the real concern on implementing internal controls around a relevant standard as revenue recognition, that can cause relevant impacts on companies P&L. / Com a mudan??a do cen??rio normativo para o reconhecimento de receita em fun????o da norma IFRS 15 que entra em vigor a partir do dia primeiro de janeiro de 2018 h?? a necessidade de que os controles internos ao redor do reconhecimento de receita sejam ajustados para que o ambiente de controles seja aderente a nova norma. O objetivo deste trabalho ?? identificar os ajustes ??s atividades de controles internos que podem ser necess??rios quando da ado????o da norma IFRS 15 em empresas de presta????o de servi??os. Para o atingimento deste objetivo foram tra??ados dois objetivos espec??ficos, que s??o (1) a realiza????o de revis??o cr??tica ex ante os impactos do IFRS 15 nos sistemas de controles de forma a oferecer insights para as organiza????es adotantes desta norma; e (2) desenvolver uma Internal Control Matrix para a utiliza????o em empresas de presta????o de servi??os de consultoria quando da ado????o da norma IFRS 15. Os objetivos foram atingidos atrav??s de revis??o bibliogr??fica cr??tica a respeito de autores cl??ssicos e pesquisas cient??ficas para o objetivo espec??fico 1 bem como com a realiza????o de focus group para atender o objetivo 2. Conclui-se que as diferen??as entre o IFRS 15 e as normas de reconhecimento de receita atualmente aplicadas s??o bastante pr??ximas e que s??o poucos os controles necess??rios para a ado????o da norma IFRS 15 em empresas prestadoras de servi??os de consultoria e que estes, embora n??o apresentem atividades de controle complexas, s??o de alto risco e essenciais para que o reconhecimento da receita ocorra de forma adequada. Al??m de atender aos objetivos propostos, este trabalho traz como contribui????o a explora????o de um tema onde a pesquisa acad??mica ?? escassa atrav??s de um problema real de empresas de presta????o de servi??os, onde o benef??cio n??o ?? apenas a Internal Control Matrix, mas a preocupa????o real da implementa????o de controles internos ao redor de uma norma relevante como o reconhecimento de receita, que pode causar impactos nos resultados das empresas.

M. Tech. Internal Auditing / As an integral part of organisations' corporate governance structures and internal audit independence, the internal audit has been identified by many authors as a critical element underpinning the value that an internal audit delivers to organisations. This dissertation investigated whether an internal audit department that complies with the independence standards prescribed by the Institute of Internal Auditors is perceived as independent by all employees of the organisation.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2017-02-21T18:15:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Marta de Lourdes Ferreira.pdf: 817960 bytes, checksum: 5f8f3c6ec1cafbcfa437bc07bd284572 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-21T18:15:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Marta de Lourdes Ferreira.pdf: 817960 bytes, checksum: 5f8f3c6ec1cafbcfa437bc07bd284572 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-06 / The main objective of this research was to raise and present isomorphism’s evidences in Operational Risk Management (ORM) of Financial Institutions (FIs) operating in Brazil. As specific objectives, to identify convergences and evaluate why they occur. It was made a qualitative and descriptive study of the historical development of ORM in FIs, regulations and similar works. It was carried out content analysis of "Pillar 3" Reports from ten IFs (75% of total assets) that acted in Brazil between 2013 and 2015. It was used descriptive categorizations of situations/events based on the theoretical framework, classified as performance evidence. It was found the presence of 100% of categories from coercive mechanism, 78% from the normative and 70% from the mimetic, proving the simultaneous performance of the mechanisms. The main categories for mechanism and disclosure index were: a) Coercive: related to legal compliance (100%); other risk management beyond the mandatory (89%); Business Continuity Plan (78%), a model of the three defense lines (56%), and prioritization of risks (56%). b) normative: committee responsibilities, executive officers and alike (100%); training in operational risk (78%), and dissemination of the risk culture (67%). c) mimetic: the use of technology in ORM (100%) and in loss databases (78%); the standardization of procedures between headquarters and branches (78%), as well as the use of indicators (78%). As a convergence point, there is a search for improvement of the ORM, and the compliance with requested criteria for approval of internal models to calculate capital requirements. The homogenization of the ORM was due to the legal demands, and its beneficial effects positively change the environment. The public disclosure of principles, the best practices and "Pillar 3" Reports allow other companies to use the main information and implement their own ORM structures. As future researches, we suggest the evolution of operational losses and evidence of the ORM performance; the current development stage of internal models; the profile analysis of people hired in the area, from the perspective of normative isomorphism; the technologies used in the ORM to identify mimetic isomorphism; the categories update of each mechanism, including technology area characteristics and human resources; as well as the research replication for companies subject to specific regulations, such as SOX and capital markets. / O objetivo principal da pesquisa é levantar e apresentar evidências do isomorfismo na Gestão de Riscos Operacionais (GRO) de Instituições Financeiras (IFs) que operam no Brasil. O objetivo específico é identificar pontos de convergência e avaliar porque ocorrem. Realizada pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva da evolução histórica da GRO em IFs, regulamentações e trabalhos semelhantes. Efetuada análise de conteúdo do Relatório “Pilar 3” de dez IFs (75% do total de ativos) que atuaram no Brasil entre 2013 e 2015. Utilizadas categorizações descritivas de situações/eventos conforme referencial teórico, classificáveis como evidências de atuação. Constatou-se a presença de 100% das categorias do mecanismo coercitivo, 78% do normativo e 70% do mimético, comprovando a atuação simultânea dos mecanismos. Principais categorias por mecanismo e índices de evidenciação: a) coercitivo: relacionadas ao atendimento legal (100%); gestão de outros riscos além dos obrigatórios (89%); Plano de Continuidade de Negócios (78%), Modelo das Três Linhas de Defesa (56%) e priorização de riscos (56%). b) normativo: responsabilidades de comitês, diretores e assemelhados (100%); treinamento em risco operacional (78%) e disseminação da cultura de risco (67%). c) mimético: uso de tecnologias na GRO (100%) e em bancos de dados de perdas (78%); padronização de procedimentos entre matriz e filiais (78%) e o uso de indicadores (78%). Como ponto de convergência, vê-se a busca pelo aperfeiçoamento da GRO e o atendimento aos requisitos necessários para aprovação de modelos internos para cálculo de requerimentos de capital. A homogeneização da GRO ocorreu em função das demandas legais e seus efeitos benéficos alteram positivamente o ambiente. A divulgação pública de princípios, melhores práticas e relatórios “Pilar 3” permite que outras organizações usem as informações como base e implantem suas próprias estruturas de GRO. Sugestões de pesquisa: evolução de perdas operacionais e com evidências de atuação da GRO; estágio atual de desenvolvimento dos modelos internos; análise do perfil dos profissionais contratados na área, sob a ótica do isomorfismo normativo; tecnologias usadas na GRO buscando evidências do isomorfismo mimético; e replicação da pesquisa para organizações sujeitas a regulamentações específicas como SOX e mercado de capitais.

O tema foi escolhido devido a sua importância frente as frequentes notícias divulgadas, pela mídia em geral, de casos relacionados às diversas formas de erros, fraudes e corrupções que estão expostas às instituições financeiras. Assim, de forma a evitar e minimizar os efeitos destes atos, que, em alguns casos, podem atingir a imagem da empresa gerando descredibilidade e, em última instância, até a descontinuidade dos negócios e, com isso, sérios reflexos na sociedade, as autoridades competentes buscam minimizar os diversos riscos envolvidos através de leis e regulamentos. No Brasil, tem se estruturado e implantando metodologias de controles internos de maneira a minimizar os impactos financeiros das perdas decorrentes de riscos operacionais. Nos últimos anos, devido aos inúmeros escândalos, percebe-se uma evolução dessas legislações, o que demonstra uma constante preocupação dos órgãos reguladores. Como consequência disso, existe a necessidade de um acentuado aperfeiçoamento dos sistemas de controles pelos profissionais de auditoria, compliance e controles internos. Este estudo busca demonstrar a importância da função de compliance, como um dos pilares de governança dentro das instituições financeiras. A metodologia utilizada foi de pesquisa bibliográfica. A conclusão é que um sistema de controles adequado ao porte da instituição contribui para fortalecimento da imagem perante os stakeholders minimizando o risco de descontinuidade dos negócios. / The theme was chosen because of its importance by frequent news reports, the media in general, cases related to various forms of error, fraud and corruptions that are exposed financial institutions. Thus, in order to prevent and minimize the effects of these acts, which in some cases can reach the company's image generating discrediting and, ultimately, to the disruption of business and, with it, serious repercussions in society, the authorities seek to minimize the various risks involved through laws and regulations. In Brazil, has been structured methodologies and implementing internal controls to minimize the financial impact of losses from operational risks. In recent years, due to the numerous scandals, realizes an evolution of these laws, which shows a constant concern of regulators. As a result, there is a need for a marked improvement of control systems for professional audit, compliance and internal controls. This study seeks to demonstrate the importance of the compliance function, as one of the pillars of governance within financial institutions. The methodology used was the literature research. The conclusion is that a system of controls appropriate to the size of the institution contributes to strengthening the image with stakeholders while minimizing the risk of business interruption. / MBA (especialização em Finanças) - Ibmec Business School, Rio de Janeiro, 2013. / Bibliografia: p. 45-46.

The role of internal auditors is evolving to enable them to provide stakeholders with assurance and to assist organisations to achieve objectives and remain competitive to ensure the future existence of their organisations. The research for this study was guided by the question of whether the Institute of Internal Auditors guidance pronouncements provide sufficient guidance in the light of expectations of both the institute and management (stakeholders) relating to the role of internal auditors in respect of fraud investigation. Literature reviewed on the role of internal auditors showed that there is limited guidance provided with regards to fraud investigation, knowledge and skills required by an internal auditor to perform fraud investigations. The research methodology used for this study consisted of a qualitative case study of the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University committees, namely, Council, Senate and MANCO as well as a combination of deductive and inductive interpretative analysis methods. Semi-structured interviews were used to obtain data from participants who were randomly selected from Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Council, Senate and MANCO committees. The interviews revolved around three themes, namely, the role of internal audit, the information expected from internal audits and the role that the internal audit plays with regard to fraud. The interviews were recorded by means of a digital voice recorder which were transcribed by a qualified transcriber. The collected data was then manually coded by making use of standardised coding methods to assist with the analyses of the data. After considering the participant responses in relation to the themes, it could be deduced that a greater awareness needed to be created regarding the role of the internal audit and the services which internal audits could provide to organisations and management structures. The results of the analyses revealed that an expectation gap existed with regard to the Institute of Internal Auditors, guidance pronouncements and stakeholder expectations of internal auditor roles with specific reference to fraud investigations. This study showed that the IIA’s guidance pronouncements do not provide sufficient and adequate guidance in respect of the knowledge, skills and competency capabilities in relation to fraud investigations.The results of the study further showed that the expected role of internal auditors in an organisation should include fraud investigations.