強制汽車責任保險自1998年1月1日實施至今，立法精神及施行成效深受社會大眾肯定。隨著社會安全制度的持續發展，持續進行全盤檢討，並於2005年2月5日公布新修正強制汽車責任保險法，3月1日正式實施。 由於強制汽車責任保險風險分類直接反應於費率計算，資訊不對稱容易形成道德風險，被保險人與保險人產生顯著資訊落差，保險人無法合理歸類被保險人風險特性，保費計算上易受外界雜訊所影響，產生嚴重道德風險。為降低資訊不對稱的成本增加，保險輔助人成為被保險人與保險人間資訊傳遞的重要中介機構。如何健全保險輔助機構的執業規範及分工定位，以降低資訊不對稱所造成之負面影響，成為強制汽車責任保險的重要監理議題。 本研究主要檢視現行強制汽車責任保險制度，如何有效規範保險輔助人，強化保險作業與交通監理作業降低資訊不對稱成本，討論具體措施諸如設立保費查詢中心、確保理賠損失資料之正確性、各項財務資訊揭露透明度與落實保險人之差異化管理政策，並歸納具體建議如下： 一、 建立強制汽車責任保險專屬網站，強化資訊揭露； 二、 交通監理作業投保查詢應整合保險查詢，減少代理成本； 三、 落實保險人內部稽核，建立承保及理賠標準流程； 四、 建立保險輔助人評等制度，維護市場公平競爭； 五、 車種分類及費率精算宜朝簡化為原則，避免道德風險。 / The Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance Law has been enforced since January 1, 1998, the spirit of the law and the goodwill lay behind it were highly praised by the general public. However, as the social security system continuously has developed and evolved, the law was deemed insufficient and inadequate. Therefore, experts and scholars proceeded to review the law and finally in February 5, 2005, a revision of the law was announced to the public and officially enforced in 1st March the same year. Since the risk classification of Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance directly reflects on rate calculation, information asymmetries can easily cause moral hazard. As the insured and insurers have significant information gap, insurers cannot categorize reasonably the characteristics of insured's risks, the premium calculation therefore can be affected by external noises that leads to serious moral hazard. To reduce the cost of information asymmetry, insurance brokers or agents becomes the insured and insurers' important intermediary for transmitting information. How to build sound operating norms, share the work, position insurance brokers or agents and reduce the negative impact on information asymmetry have turned out to be very important supervisory topics of Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance. This study is mainly examining the existing Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance system; regulating insurance brokers or agents effectively; strengthening insurance and traffic supervision operations to decrease the cost for information asymmetry; discussing specific measures such as the establishment of premium check center so as to ensure the accuracy of claim information, the transparency of financial information; in addition, implementing the differentiation management strategies of the insurers. The specific recommendations are summarized as following five points: 1. Establish official website for Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance and strengthen the disclosed information; 2. The insurance check in traffic supervisory operations shall be integrated with premium check center so that agency costs can be lowered; 3. Put into effect the insurers' internal audit to build up the standard of processes of underwriting and claims; 4. Establish the rating system for insurance brokers or agents so as to maintain fair market competitions; 5. Simplify the classification of type of vehicles and rate calculation to avoid moral hazard.

市場中商品的價格往往都是由供給與需求來共同決定的，同樣的，在保險商品的市場中，亦存在著保險商品的供給與需求，而我們一般在買賣保險商品時，保險商品的價格往往是以總保費(Total Premiums)的觀念來做為討論，事實上，我們可以將總保費看作保險單位價格(P)乘上市場上消費的保險數量(Q)，並且將總保費分成保險價格與數量來分開討論。 本文中對保險單位價格的定義是從損失率(Loss Ratio)的觀點來導出，並假設損失機率(π)為固定下，將保險單位價格定義為損失率的倒數，且將總保費除上保險單位價格來得出保險數量。在定義出保險單位價格及保險數量之後，在保險市場中，保險單位價格與保險數量應是會隨著保險商品的需求及供給之變動而有改變，因此，藉由一些與保險需求及保險價格相關的文獻，來找出一些可能影響保險單位價格與數量的因素，並藉由實証的過程來探討這些決定性因素與保險單位價格及保險數量的關係，和其可解釋的程度。 因此，本文的實証資料是以美國汽車保險的自用客車與商業用車之碰撞與綜合險及責任險為主，並以1979年∼1994間年淨簽單保費收入持續排名為前五十大的產險公司為資料採用對象，因此，在自用客車方面，有33家產險公司為研究樣本，商業用車方面，則有28家為研究樣本。 在實証模型中，是以保險單位價格及保險數量為兩大模型的應變數(dependent variable)。自變數(independent variable)的選取則有每人國民所得(NI)、淨簽單保險費(NPW)、行銷制度(MKT)、通貨膨脹率(INF)及利率(INT)五個變數。並以複迴歸分析為研究方法，得出其實証結果。 本文的實証結果顯示，在保險單位價格的模型中，不論是自用客車或商業用車，其解釋程度皆不高；在保險數量的模型中，兩車種的解釋程度則很高。自用客車的利率(INT)及行銷制度(MKT)兩變數，不論在自用客車或是商業用車方面，與保險單位價格的關係是符合我們所預期的，分別為反向及正向關係。每人國民所得(NI)變數在自用客車方面，與保險單位價格為反向關係，和預期相反，且P值並不顯著；商業用車方面，則為正向關係且顯著。 略 / 略

九十四年我國財產保險業之簽單總保費收入為新台幣1,185.02億元，其中汽車保險之簽單保險費收入為新台幣588.62億元，占我國財產保險業簽單總保費收入的49.67%，故汽車保險之簽單保險費收入於九十四年居財產保險市場各險種之冠。同時汽車保險業務量占全體產險業務量的比重，一直維持在45%-50%之間，由於汽車險業務量之消長連帶影響各產物保險公司的現金流量及公司在市場的排名，故汽車保險業務的經營深受各產險公司老闆的重視。 我國汽車保險業務的來源可分直接通路及間接通路兩種，間接通路來源的業務量占全部汽車險業務量的40%，其中汽車經銷商保險代理人(簡稱車商保代)及經紀人的業務來源就占有30%。 台灣汽車險市場各保險公司的市場占有率，經過產險同業大家多年的努力經營，已大致固定。由於車商保代及經紀人的業務大都屬新車業務，故其業務量占汽車險市場新車業務量的比重甚大，因此遂為每家保險公司業務經營極力爭取的對象。再者必須注意的是汽車險商品因受到過往規章費率的影響，同質性很高，在無法明顯區隔市場的情形下，保險公司如欲增加業務量，最迅速有效的方式就是提高佣金及配合車商保代的要求，搭配一定比率的回廠維修率。此種「蠟燭兩頭燒」的業務經營，在社會經濟景氣時，保險公司尚可依靠投資收益來挹注增加的成本，但景氣不好時，保險公司的負擔將會超過其所能承受的部份，導致經營產生虧損或發生危機。此由寶來證券集團在中央產物的經營汽車險業務，因經營結果與其預期不一致時，最後轉手美商AIG集團，即是最佳寫照。 本篇論文主要係在探討競爭市場下汽車險業務經營管理策略，並以寶來證券集團在中央產物經營汽車險業務的結果為個案研究。首先介紹台灣汽車險市場的現況，接著並就費率自由化的實施，探討其對台灣汽車險市場的影響，同時也針對汽車險市場經營的瓶頸加以瞭解及提出解決之道，筆者也藉此提供個人的些微建議，希望能對政府擬訂監理政策及產險同業透過汽車險業務經營策略的再思考，藉由創新商品的開發及行銷通路的多元化等多方的努力，以對開創台灣汽車險業務經營的藍海策略有所助益，是本篇論文提出的最主要目的。 / In 2005, the written premium of automobile insurance was NT$ 58.87 billion, occupied 49.67% and the majority part of the written premium of non-life insurance in Taiwan（the written premium of non-life insurance was NT$ 118.5 billion in 2005）. In the meantime, the business portfolio of automobile insurance to non-life insurance remain at 45%-50% steadily. Because the growth and decrease of business portfolio of automobile insurance will significantly influent the ranking and the cash flow of non-life insurance companies, the owners of non-life insurance companies pay highly attention on the operation of automobile insurance. In Taiwan, the source of automobile insurance can be divided into two parts: direct market approach and indirect market approach. Indirect market approach contributed 40% business income, and the automobile insurance agents contributed 30% premium income. The market share of non-life insurance business is approximately fixed. Due to the business scope of automobile insurance agents and brokers are selling the new cars, the non-life insurance companies give ultimate efforts to attract them. Moreover, we must pay attention on the fact that the automobile insurance commodities is homogeneous, the reason is affected by the tariff of regulator, therefore, under the premise that the market can’t be obviously divided, if the insurance companies still intend to raise its’business portfolio, the most rapid and efficient way is to lift up commission to match the commission requirement of automobile insurance agents, and to collocate with certain ratio of damaged car requiring and/or regular maintence. This kind of operation mode makes insurance company can cover the cost by its investing profit while economic boom, but will overload while economic depression, then causing operating crisis. The most conspicuous case is that the Polaris Securities Group sold Central Insurance Company（CIC）to AIG Group while Polaris Securities Group found the operating results of automobile insurance business in CIC was inconsistent with its anticipation. This thesis mainly discusses the operating and management strategy of automobile insurance in a competitive market, and give an example by Polaris Securities Group’s running automobile insurance business in CIC for case study. The thesis first introduces the current condition of Taiwan automobile insurance market, then probe into the influence of rate liberalization to the said market. Simultaneously, to understand the predicament of automobile insurance market and bring up the possible solution. The author provides some suggestions for government agency to draw up supervisory policy and for non-life insurance companies to set up operating strategy. By the way of innovating insurance commodities and diversifying marketing routes, the author hopes that it will helpful to jointly inaugurate the“Blue Ocean Strategy”of the operation of Taiwan automobile insurance. It’s the main goal of this thesis.